rules for the certification and construction iv...

Rules for the Certification and Construction IV Industrial Services

7 Offshore Substations

4 Machinery and Utility Systems

Edition 2013

The following Rules come into force on 1 October 2013.

Germanischer Lloyd SE

Head Office Brooktorkai 18, 20457 Hamburg, Germany

Phone: +49 40 36149-0 Fax: +49 40 36149-200

[email protected]

www.gl-group.com

"General Terms and Conditions" of the respective latest edition will be applicable (see Rules for Classification and Construction, I - Ship Technology, Part 0 - Classification and Surveys).

Reproduction by printing or photostatic means is only permissible with the consent of Germanischer Lloyd SE.

Published by: Germanischer Lloyd SE, Hamburg

Table of Contents

Section 1 General Requirements and Instructions A Scope................................................................................................................................ 1- 1 B Documents for Certification .............................................................................................. 1- 1 C Ambient Parameters ......................................................................................................... 1- 2 D Design and Construction .................................................................................................. 1- 3 E Safety Equipment and Protective Measures .................................................................... 1- 5

Section 2 Internal Combustion Engines and Air Compressors A General ............................................................................................................................. 2- 1 B Tests and Trials ................................................................................................................ 2- 2 C Safety Devices .................................................................................................................. 2- 3 D Auxiliary Systems.............................................................................................................. 2- 3 E Starting Equipment ........................................................................................................... 2- 5 F Control Equipment ............................................................................................................ 2- 7 G Alarms............................................................................................................................... 2- 8 H Approximate Calculation of the Starting Air Supply.......................................................... 2- 8 I Air Compressors ............................................................................................................... 2- 9

Section 3 Storage Tanks for Liquid Fuels, Lube and Hydraulic Oils A General Safety Precautions for Liquid Fuels .................................................................... 3- 1 B Distribution, Location and Capacity of Fuel Tanks ........................................................... 3- 1 C Fuel Tank Fittings and Mountings..................................................................................... 3- 2 D Storage of Lubricating and Hydraulic Oils ........................................................................ 3- 3 E Storage of Oil Residues .................................................................................................... 3- 3 F Storage of Gas Bottles for Domestic Purposes ................................................................ 3- 4 G Testing for Tightness ........................................................................................................ 3- 4 H Drip Trays ......................................................................................................................... 3- 4

Section 4 Bunker Stations A Scope................................................................................................................................ 4- 1 B Bunker Lines ..................................................................................................................... 4- 1 C Arrangement ..................................................................................................................... 4- 1 D Communication ................................................................................................................. 4- 1 E Standard Discharge Connection....................................................................................... 4- 1

Section 5 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers A Scope................................................................................................................................ 5- 1 B Design Rules..................................................................................................................... 5- 1 C Documents to Submitted .................................................................................................. 5- 1

Section 6 Water Systems A Scope................................................................................................................................ 6- 1

Rules IV Industrial Services Part 7 Offshore Substations Chapter 4 Machinery and Utility Systems

Table of Contents

Edition 2013 Germanischer Lloyd

B Drinking Water Systems .................................................................................................. 6- 1 C Sanitary Systems ............................................................................................................. 6- 2 D Seawater Cooling and Supply Systems........................................................................... 6- 3 E Freshwater Cooling Systems ........................................................................................... 6- 3

Section 7 Drain Systems

Section 8 Oily Water Separator A Scope ............................................................................................................................... 8- 1 B Equipment ........................................................................................................................ 8- 1

Section 9 Piping Systems A Scope ............................................................................................................................... 9- 1 B Design Principles ............................................................................................................. 9- 1 C Materials and Testing....................................................................................................... 9- 2 D Calculation of Wall Thickness and Elasticity.................................................................... 9- 4 E Principles for the Construction of Piping Systems........................................................... 9- 4 F Fuel Oil Systems.............................................................................................................. 9- 8 G Lubricating Oil Systems ................................................................................................... 9- 11 H Air and Overflow Pipes .................................................................................................... 9- 13 I Sounding Pipes ................................................................................................................ 9- 14 J Exhaust Gas Lines ........................................................................................................... 9- 15 K Compressed Air Lines...................................................................................................... 9- 16

Section 10 Ventilation System A General ............................................................................................................................ 10- 1 B Documents to be Submitted............................................................................................. 10- 1 C Definitions ........................................................................................................................ 10- 2 D General Requirements ..................................................................................................... 10- 3 E Requirements for Particular Spaces ................................................................................ 10- 8


Table of Contents

Edition 2013 Germanischer Lloyd

Section 1 General Requirements and Instructions A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 1-1 B Documents for Certification......................................................................................... 1-1 C Ambient Parameters ................................................................................................... 1-2 D Design and Construction............................................................................................. 1-3 E Safety Equipment and Protective Measures............................................................... 1-5

A Scope

A.1 These Rules are applicable to machinery and equipment essential to the safety of fixed off-shore substations.

A.2 All machinery, electrical equipment, boilers and other pressure vessels, associated piping systems, fittings and wiring shall be of a design and construction adequate for the service for which they are intended and shall be so installed and protected as to reduce to a minimum any danger to the crew, due regard being paid to moving parts, hot surfaces and other hazards. The design shall have regard to materials used in construction, and to marine and industrial purposes for which the equipment is in-tended, the working conditions and the environmental conditions to which it will be subjected. Considera-tion shall be given to the consequence of the failure of the system and equipment essential to the safety of the installation/unit.

A.3 Machinery and equipment, which is not fully covered by these Rules, must comply with recog-nized codes and standards and may be required to undergo tests and trials.

A.4 In addition to the requirements contained in these Rules, GL reserve the right to impose fur-ther requirements in respect of all types of machinery and equipment where this is necessitated by new findings or operational experience. GL may permit deviations from these Rules so far the general safety standards are equivalently fulfilled.

A.5 National Rules or regulations remain unaffected.

B Documents for Certification

B.1 Before the start of manufacture, drawings showing the general layout of the machinery, equip-ment and together with all drawings of parts subject to mandatory testing, to the extent specified in the following Sections of this Chapter, are each to be submitted to GL in German or English language. GL reserve the right to require additional documentation if the submitted one is insufficient for an as-sessment of the unit/installation or essential parts thereof.

This may especially be the case for machinery and equipment related to new developments and/or which are not tested on board of installations/units to a sufficient extent.

Any non-standard symbols used are to be explained in a key list. All documents must identify clearly the project and the name of the owner/operator and of the manufacture or construction yard.

B.2 The drawings shall contain all the data necessary for checking the design, the loads and the stresses imposed. Where necessary, design calculations relating to components and descriptions of the machinery and equipment are also to be supplied.


Section 1 General Requirements and Instructions

Edition 2013 Germanischer Lloyd Page 1–1

B.3 The submitted calculations shall contain all necessary information concerning reference docu-ments (parts of the relevant specification, drawings and relevant global/local calculations Literature used for the calculations has to be cited, important but not public available sources shall be added as copy. The choice of computer programs according to the "State of the Art" is free. The programs may be checked by GL through comparative calculations with predefined test examples. A generally valid ap-proval for a computer program is, however, not given by GL.

The calculations have to be compiled in a way which allows identifying and checking all steps of the cal-culations with regard to input and output in an easy way.

Handwritten, easily readable documents are acceptable.

Comprehensive quantities of output data shall be presented in graphic form. A written summary of the main conclusions resulting from the calculations has to be provided.

B.4 Once the documents submitted have been approved by GL they are binding on the execution of the work. Any subsequent modifications require the approval by GL before being implemented.

B.5 Manufacturers of machinery and equipment shall supply a sufficient number of operating and maintenance notices and manuals in sufficient number together with the equipment. Instructions, warning signs, etc. have to be prepared in English and in the Operator's language.

In addition, an easily legible board is to be mounted on boiler operating platforms giving the most impor-tant operating instructions for boilers and oil-firing equipment.

B.6 All Documentation shall be submitted electronically via a safe exchange platform. In specific cases and following prior agreement with GL they can be submitted in paper form, in triplicate.

C Ambient Parameters

C.1 Ambient parameters

C.1.1 The selection, layout and arrangement of all machinery and equipment shall be such as to ensure faultless continuous operation under the ambient conditions specified in Table 1.1 where applica-ble. Therefore the manufacturer/supplier shall be informed by the Owner/Operator about the expected environmental conditions.

C.1.2 Care has to be taken of the effects on the machinery installation caused by distortions of a unit’s hull, if applicable.

C.1.3 For units/installations of unusual static and dynamic behavior and intended for operation only in specified areas, GL may approve deviating ambient conditions.

Table 1.1 Temperatures and humidity

Enclosed spaces 0 to +45 °C 1 Ambient temperature or suction air

On open deck areas -25 to +45 °C 1

Generally 100 %

In specially protected areas 80 %

Relative humidity

For internal combustion engines 60 %

Seawater temperature Generally +32 °C 1

––––––––––––––

1 GL may approve lower temperatures for service in special geographical areas




C.2 Vibrations

C.2.1 General

C.2.1.1 Machinery, equipment and supporting structures can be normally subjected to vibrations. De-sign, construction and installation shall in every case take account of the resulting effects. The faultless long-term service of individual components shall not be endangered by vibration effects.

C.2.1.2 For vibrations generated by an engine or other device, the intensity shall not exceed defined limits. The purpose is to protect the vibration generators, the connected assemblies, peripheral equipment and structural components from additional, excessive vibration effects liable to cause premature failures or malfunctions.

C.2.2 Assessment

Procedure and calculation respective to accepted standards.

D Design and Construction

D.1 Dimensioning

D.1.1 All parts shall be capable of withstanding the stresses and loads peculiar to the service, e.g. those due to movements, vibrations, intensified corrosive attack, temperature changes and wave impact, and have to be dimensioned in accordance with the requirements set out in the present Chapter or with relevant codes and standards as agreed by GL for the specific project.

In the absence of GL Rules governing the dimensions of parts, recognized rules of engineering practice are to be applied.

D.1.2 Where connections exist between systems or plant items which are designed for different forces, pressure and temperatures (stresses), safety devices are to be fitted which prevent the over-stressing of the system or plant item designed for the lower design parameters. To preclude damage, such systems are to be fitted with devices affording protection against excessive pressures and tempera-tures and/or against overflow.

D.2 Materials

All components subject to these Rules shall comply with the GL Rules for Materials and Welding (II-1) or with relevant codes and standards as agreed by GL for the specific project.

D.3 Welding

The fabrication of welded components, the approval of manufacturing companies and the testing of weld-ers are subject to the GL Rules General Requirements, Proof of Qualifications, Approvals (II-3-1), Design, Fabrication and Inspection of Welded Joints (II-3-2) and Welding in the Various Fields of Application (II-3-3) or with relevant codes and standards as agreed by GL for the specific project.

D.4 Tests

D.4.1 Machinery and its component parts are subject to constructional and material tests, pressure and leakage tests, and trials. In the following Sections is prescribed, which tests are to be carried out in presence of a GL Inspector or which are even mandatory type tests.

In the case of parts produced in series, other methods of testing may be agreed with GL instead of the tests prescribed, provided that the former are recognized as equivalent by GL.

D.4.2 GL reserve the right, where deemed necessary, to increase the scope of the tests and also to subject to testing those parts which are not expressly required to be tested according to these Rules.




D.4.3 Components subject to mandatory testing are to be replaced with tested parts in case they have to be replaced during maintenance or repair activities.

D.4.4 After installation of the machinery for auxiliary and emergency power the operational function-ing of the machinery including the associated ancillary equipment is to be verified. All safety equipment is to be tested, unless adequate testing has already been performed at the manufacturer’s works in the presence of a GL inspector, e.g. during Factory Acceptance Test (FAT).

In addition and where applicable, the final installation on board is to be tested during commissioning in the constitution yard, i.e. Site Acceptance Test (SAT), as far as possible under the intended service con-ditions.

Final tests, where necessary, should be performed after installation.

D.5 Markings, identification

In order to avoid operating and switching errors, all parts of the machinery and equipment whose function is not immediately apparent, are to be adequately marked and labeled.

D.6 Fuels

D.6.1 The flash point of liquid fuels for the operation of boilers and diesel engines shall not be lower than 60 °C.

For emergency generating sets, however, fuels with a flash point ≥ 43 °C may be used.

D.7 Corrosion protection

Parts which are exposed to corrosion are to be safeguarded by being manufactured of corrosion-resistant materials, provided with sufficient corrosion allowance or provided with effective corrosion protection.

The selection of suitable materials and adequate corrosion protection shall be defined in the respective design documentation i.e. Corrosion Protection Philosophy.

D.8 Control and regulating equipment

D.8.1 Machinery shall be so arranged and equipped that it can be controlled in accordance with operating requirements in such a way that the service conditions prescribed by the manufacturer can be met.

D.8.2 In the event of failure or fluctuations of the supply of electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic power to regulating and control systems; or in case of a failure in a regulating or control loop, steps shall be taken to ensure that:

• the appliances remain at their present operational setting or, if necessary, are changed to a setting which will have the minimum adverse effect on operation (fail-safe condition)

• the power output or engine speed of the machinery being controlled or governed is not in-creased • no unintentional start-up sequences are initiated • a alarm shall be generated

D.9 Availability of machinery

D.9.1 The machinery is to be so arranged and equipped that it can be brought into operation from the "black out conditions” with the means available on the board.

The "dead condition” means that the electrical power supply by grid connection or auxiliary generators is out of operation.

To overcome the "dead condition” use may be made of an emergency generator set provided that it is ensured, that the electrical power for emergency services is available at all times. It is assumed that means are available to start the emergency generator at all times.

This include auxiliary sources of energy such as starting air, battery-supplied starting current, etc. are for restoring the installation’s/unit’s electrical system, restarting auxiliary operation and bringing the installa-tion of units back into operation.




D.9.1 In case of "dead condition” it has to be ensured that it will be possible for all necessary ma-chinery of the unit to be restarted within an acceptable period in respect to the functionality and safety of the substation and the wind turbines of the wind farm.

The procedure how to restart from the “dead conditions” shall be defined in appropriate design docu-ments.

E Safety Equipment and Protective Measures

E.1 Machinery and equipment is to be installed and safeguarded in such a way that the risk of accidents is reduced to an acceptable level.

Besides national regulations particular attention is to be paid to the following:

E.1.1 Moving parts, flywheels, chain and belt drives, linkages and other components which could constitute an accident hazard for the operating personnel are to be fitted with guards to prevent contact. The same applies to hot machine parts, pipes and walls for which no thermal insulation is provided, e.g. pressure lines to air compressors.

E.1.2 Drainage facilities are to be designed in such a way that the discharged medium is safely drained off.

E.1.3 In operating spaces, anti-skid floor plates and floor coverings shall be used.

E.1.4 Service gangways, operating platforms, stairways and other areas open to access during op-eration are to be safeguarded by guard rails. The outside edges of platforms and floor areas are to be fitted with coamings unless some other means are adopted to prevent persons and objects from sliding off.

E.1.5 Safety valves and shut offs shall be accessible for safe operation. Fixed steps, stairs or plat-forms shall be fitted where necessary.

E.1.6 Safety valves are to be installed to prevent the occurrence of excessive operating pressures.

E.1.7 Exhaust gas ducts, boilers and other equipment and piping systems carrying steam or hot fluids or gases are to be effectively insulated. Insulating materials shall be non-combustible. Points at which combustible liquids or moisture can penetrate into the insulation shall be suitably pro-tected, e.g. by means of shielding.




Section 2 Internal Combustion Engines and Air Compressors

A General ....................................................................................................................... 2-1 B Tests and Trials .......................................................................................................... 2-2 C Safety Devices ............................................................................................................ 2-3 D Auxiliary Systems........................................................................................................ 2-3 E Starting Equipment ..................................................................................................... 2-5 F Control Equipment ...................................................................................................... 2-7 G Alarms......................................................................................................................... 2-8 H Approximate Calculation of the Starting Air Supply.................................................... 2-8 I Air Compressors ......................................................................................................... 2-9

A General

A.1 Scope

The Rules contained in this Section are valid for internal combustion engines as auxiliary drives as well as air compressors. Internal combustion engines in the sense of these Rules are non-reversible, four-stroke diesel engines with trunk piston.

For the purpose of these requirements, internal combustion engines are diesel engines.

A.2 Ambient conditions

For all engines, which are used on units/installations, the definition of the performance has to be based on the ambient conditions according to Section 1, C.

A.3 Rated power

The rated power shall be meet the requirements of a notified body for marine diesel engines.

A.4 Fuels

A.4.1 The use of liquid fuels is subject to the Rules contained in Section 1, D.6.

A.4.2 For fuel treatment and supply, see Section 9, F.

A.5 Accessibility of engines

Engines are to be so arranged in the engine room that all the assembly holes and inspection ports pro-vided by the engine manufacturer for inspections and maintenance are accessible. A change of compo-nents, as far as practicable at the unit, shall be possible. Requirements related to space and construction have to be considered for the installation of the engines.

A.6 Electronic components and systems

A.6.1 For electronic components and systems which are necessary for the control of internal com-bustion engines the following items have to be observed:

A.6.2 Electronic components and systems have to be type approved by notified bodies.

A.6.3 For computer systems the Rules according to this Chapter have to be observed.




A.6.4 Where the electronic control system incorporates a speed control, F and GL Rules for Electrical Equipment (IV-7-5) have to be observed.

A.7 Local control station

A.7.1 For the local control station, F has to be observed.

A.7.2 The indicators named in F shall be realized in such a way that one failure can only affect a single indicator. Where these indicators are an integral part of an electronic control system, means shall be taken to maintain these indications in case of failure of such a system.

A.7.3 Where these indicators are realized electrically, the power supply of the instruments and of the electronic system has to be realized in such way to ensure the behavior stated in A.7.2.

B Tests and Trials

B.1 Scope of works trials

During the trials the operating values corresponding to each load point are to be measured and recorded by the engine manufacturer under GL supervision. All the results are to be compiled in an acceptance protocol to be issued by the engine manufacturer.

In each case all measurements conducted at the various load points shall be carried out under steady operating conditions. The readings for 100 % power (rated power at rated speed) are to be taken twice at an interval of at least 30 minutes.

B.1.1 Auxiliary driving engines and engines driving electric generators

For testing of diesel generator sets, see also GL Rules for Electrical Equipment (IV-7-5)

B.1.2 Depending on the type of plant concerned, GL reserve the right to call for a special test schedule.

B.1.3 In the case of engines driving electrical generators the rated electrical power as specified by the manufacturer is to be verified as minimum power.

B.1.4 Component inspection

After the test run randomly selected components shall be presented for inspection.

B.2 Trials on installations/units (harbor and sea trials)

After the conclusion of the running-in programme, prescribed by the engine manufacturer, engines are to undergo the trials specified below.

B.2.1 Engines driving auxiliaries and electrical generators for fixed units

These engines are to be subjected to an operational test for at least two hours. During the test the set concerned is required to operate at its rated power for an extended period.

It is to be demonstrated that the engine is capable of supplying 110 % of its rated power, and in the case of generating sets on board account shall be taken of the times needed to actuate the generator's over-load protection system.

B.2.2 The suitability of auxiliary engines to burn special fuels is to be demonstrated if the machinery installation is designed to burn such fuels.

B.2.3 The scope of the trials on the installation/unit may be extended in consideration of special operating conditions such as low-load operation, etc.




C Safety Devices

C.1 The safety devices shall meet the requirements of a notified body for marine diesel engines.

C.2 Generator sets which are installed to serve stand-by circuits are to satisfy the corresponding requirements even when the engine is cold. The start-up and loading sequence is to be concluded in about 30 seconds.

C.3 Emergency generator sets have to satisfy the above governor conditions also unlimited with the start-up and loading sequence having to be concluded in about 45 seconds.

C.4 The special conditions necessary to start operation from the dead condition are to be ob-served, see GL Rules for Electrical Equipment (IV-7-5).

D Auxiliary Systems

D.1 General

For piping systems and accessory filter arrangements Section 9 is to be applied, additionally.

D.2 Fuel oil system

D.2.1 General

D.2.1.1 Only pipe connections with metal sealing surfaces or equivalent pipe connections of approved design may be used for fuel injection lines.

D.2.1.2 Feed and return lines are to be designed in such a way that no unacceptable pressure surges occur in the fuel supply system. Where necessary, the engines are to be fitted with surge dampers ap-proved by GL.

D.2.1.3 All components of the fuel system are to be designed to withstand the maximum peak pres-sures which will be expected in the system.

D.2.1.4 If fuel oil reservoirs or dampers with a limited life cycle are fitted in the fuel oil system the life cycle together with overhaul instructions is to be specified by the engine manufacturer in the correspond-ing manuals.

D.2.1.5 Oil fuel lines are not to be located immediately above or near units of high temperature, steam pipelines, exhaust manifolds, silencers or other equipment required to be insulated by Section 9, J.4. As far as practicable, oil fuel lines are to be arranged far apart from hot surfaces, electrical installations or other potential sources of ignition and are to be screened or otherwise suitably protected to avoid oil spray or oil leakage onto the sources of ignition. The number of joints in such piping systems are to be kept to a minimum.

D.2.2 Shielding

D.2.2.1 Regardless of the intended use and location of internal combustion engines, all external fuel injection lines (high pressure lines between injection pumps and injection valves) are to be shielded by jacket pipes in such a way that any leaking fuel is:

• safely collected • drained away unpressurized • efficiently monitored and alarmed

D.2.2.2 If pressure variations of > 20 bar occur in fuel feed and return lines, these lines are also to be shielded.




D.2.2.3 The high pressure fuel pipe and the outer jacket pipe have to be of permanent assembly.

D.2.2.4 Where pipe sheaths in the form of hoses are provided as shielding, the hoses must be de-monstrably suitable for this purpose and approved by GL.

D.2.3 Fuel leak drainage

Appropriate design measures are to be introduced to ensure generally that leaking fuel is drained effi-ciently and cannot enter into the engine lube oil system.

D.2.4 Heat tracing, thermal insulation, recirculation

Fuel lines, including fuel injection lines, to engines which are operated with preheated fuel are to be insu-lated against heat losses and, as far as necessary, provided with heat tracing.

Means of fuel circulation are also to be provided.

D.2.5 Fuel oil emulsions

For engines operated on emulsions of fuel oil and other liquids it has to be ensured that engine operation can be resumed after failures to the fuel oil treatment system.

D.3 Filter arrangements for fuel and lubricating oil systems

D.3.1 Fuel and lubricating oil filters which are to be mounted directly on the engine are not to be located above rotating parts or in the immediate proximity of hot components.

D.3.2 Where the arrangement stated in D.3.1 is not feasible, the rotating parts and the hot compo-nents are to be sufficiently shielded.

D.3.3 Filters have to be so arranged that fluid residues can be collected by adequate means. The same applies to lubricating oil filters if oil can escape when the filter is opened.

D.3.4 Change-over filters with two or more chambers are to be equipped with means enabling a safe pressure release before opening and a proper venting before re-starting of any chamber. Normally, shut-off devices are to be used. It shall be clearly visible, which chamber is in and which is out of operation.

D.3.5 Oil filters fitted parallel for the purpose of enabling cleaning without disturbing oil supply to engines (e.g. duplex filters) are to be provided with arrangements that will minimize the possibility of a filter under pressure being opened by mistake. Filters/filter chambers shall be provided with suitable means for:

• venting when put into operation • depressurizing before being opened

Valves or cocks with drain pipes led to a safe location shall be used for this purpose.

D.4 Lubricating oil system

D.4.1 General requirements relating to lubricating oil systems and to the cleaning, cooling, etc. of the lubricating oil are contained in Section 9, G. For piping arrangement D.2.1.3 is to be applied.

D.4.1.1 Engines which sumps serve as oil reservoirs shall be so equipped that the oil level can be established and, if necessary, topped up during operation.

Means are to be provided for completely draining the oil sump.

D.4.1.2 The combination of the oil drainage lines from the crankcases of two or more engines is not allowed.

D.4.1.3 Drain lines from the engine sump to the drain tank are to be submerged at their outlet ends.

D.4.2 The equipment of engines fitted with lubricating oil pumps is subject to Section 9.




D.4.2.1 Main lubricating oil pumps driven by the engine are to be designed to maintain the supply of lubricating oil over the entire operating range.

D.4.2.2 Multi-engine installations having separate lubricating oil systems approval may be given for the carriage on board of reserve pumps ready for mounting provided that the arrangement of the main lubricating oil pumps enables the change to be made with the means available on board.

D.4.2.3 Lubricating oil systems for cylinder lubrication which are necessary for the operation of the engine and which are equipped with electronic dosing units have to be approved by Notified Body.

D.5 Cooling system

D.5.1 For the equipment of engines with cooling water pumps and for the design of cooling water systems, see Section 6, D and E.

D.5.2 Main cooling water pumps driven by the engine are to be designed to maintain the supply of cooling water over the entire operating range.

D.5.3 In multi-engine installations having separate fresh cooling water systems approval may be given for the carriage on board of reserve pumps ready for mounting provided that the arrangement of the main fresh cooling water pumps enables the change to be made with the means available on board. Shut-off valves shall be provided enabling the main pumps to be isolated from the fresh cooling water system.

D.5.4 If cooling air is drawn from the engine room, the design of the cooling system is to be based on a room temperature of at least 45 °C.

The exhaust air of air-cooled engines may not cause any unacceptable heating of the spaces in which the plant is installed. The exhaust air is normally to be led to the open air through separate ducts.

D.6 Exhaust gas lines

D.6.1 Exhaust gas lines are to be insulated and/or cooled in such a way that the surface tempera-ture cannot exceed 220 °C at any point.

Insulating material must be non-combustible.

D.6.2 Exhaust gas lines outside the engine room to lead in a separate duct to a safe area.

D.6.3 Exhaust gas outlets to be observed for turbulences in the helicopter area and disturbance to people on board.

E Starting Equipment The starting equipment shall meet the requirements of a notified body for marine diesel engines.

E.1 General

E.1.1 Engine starting equipment shall enable engines to be started up from the shutdown condition using only the means available on board.

E.1.2 Means are to be provided to ensure that auxiliary and emergency diesel engines can be started after black-out and "dead-unit" condition. This is to be considered especially for electronically con-trolled engines (e.g. common rail).

E.2 Starting with compressed air

E.2.1 Starting air systems are to be equipped with at least two starting air compressors.

Air compressors shall be driven independently of the engines.




E.2.2 The total capacity of the starting air compressors is to be such that the starting air receivers designed in accordance with E.2.4 or E.2.5, as applicable, can be charged from atmospheric pressure to their final pressure within one hour.

Normally, compressors of equal capacity are to be installed.

This does not apply to an emergency air compressor which may be provided to meet the requirement stated in E.1.

E.2.3 If the auxiliary engine is started with compressed air, the available starting air is to be divided between at least two starting air receivers of approximately equal size which can be used independently of each other.

E.2.4 The total capacity of air receivers is to be sufficient to provide, without their being replenished, not less than three starts.

E.2.5 With multi-engine installations the number of start-up operations per engine may, with GL's agreement, be reduced according to the concept of the power plant.

E.2.6 If starting air systems for supplying pneumatically operated regulating or tyfon units are to be fed from the main starting air receivers, due attention is to be paid to the air consumption of this equip-ment when calculating the capacity of the main starting air receivers.

E.2.7 Other consumers with high air consumption apart from those mentioned in E.2.6 may not be connected to the main starting air system. Separate air supplies are to be provided for these units. Devia-tions to this require the agreement of GL.

E.2.8 If starting air systems of different engines are fed by one receiver it is to be ensured that the receiver air pressure cannot fall below the highest of the different systems minimum starting air pressure.

E.2.9 For the approximate calculation of the starting air capacity, use may be made of the formula given in the Rules.

E.3 Electrical starting equipment

E.3.1 Where engines are started electrically, two mutually independent starter batteries are to be installed. The batteries are to be so arranged that they cannot be connected in parallel with each other. Each battery shall enable the engine to be started from cold.

The total capacity of the starter batteries shall be sufficient for the execution within 30 minutes, without recharging the batteries, of the same number of start-up operations as is prescribed in E.2.4 or E.2.5 for starting with compressed air.

E.3.2 If two or more auxiliary engines are started electrically, at least two mutually independent bat-teries are to be provided.

The capacity of the batteries has to be sufficient for at least three start-up operations per engine.

If only one of the auxiliary engines is started electrically, one battery is sufficient.

E.3.3 The starter batteries may only be used for starting (and preheating where applicable) and for monitoring equipment belonging to the engine.

E.3.4 Steps are to be taken to ensure that the batteries are kept charged and the charge level is monitored.

E.4 Start-up of emergency generating sets

E.4.1 Emergency generating sets are to be so designed that they can be started up readily even at a temperature of 0 °C.

If the set can be started only at higher temperatures, or where there is a possibility that lower ambient temperatures may occur, heating equipment is to be fitted to ensure ready reliable starting.




The operational readiness of the set shall be guaranteed under all weather conditions. Fire flaps required in air inlet and outlet openings shall only be closed in case of fire and are to be kept open at all other times. Warning signs to this effect are to be installed. In the case of automatic fire flap actuation depend-ent on the operation of the set warning signs are not required. Closed air inlet and outlet openings shall be fitted with automatic opening devices.

E.4.2 Each emergency generating set required to be capable of automatic starting, is to be equipped with an automatic starting system approved by Notified Body, the capacity of which is sufficient for at least three consecutive starts.

Additionally a second source of energy is to be provided capable of three further starting operations within 30 minutes. This requirement is not applicable if the set can be started manually.

E.4.3 In order to guarantee the availability of the starting equipment, steps are to be taken to ensure that

1. electrical and hydraulic starting systems are supplied with energy from the emergency switchboard

2. compressed air starting systems are supplied via a non-return valve from the main and auxiliary compressed air receivers or by an emergency air compressor, the energy for which is provided via the emergency switchboard and

3. the starting, charging and energy storage equipment is located in the emergency generator room.

E.4.4 Where automatic starting is not specified, reliable manual starting systems may be used, e.g. by means of hand cranks, spring-loaded starters, hand operated hydraulic starters or starters using igni-tion cartridges.

E.4.5 Where direct manual starting is not possible, starting systems in accordance with E.4.2 and E.4.3 are to be provided, in which case the starting operation may be initiated manually.

E.4.6 The starters of emergency generator sets may be used only for the purpose of starting the emergency generator sets.

E.5 Start-up of emergency fire-extinguisher sets

E.5.1 Diesel engines driving emergency fire pumps are to be so designed that they can still be relia-bly started by hand at a temperature of 0 °C.

If the engine can be started only at higher temperatures, or where there is a possibility that lower tem-peratures may occur, heating equipment is to be fitted to ensure reliable starting.

E.5.2 If manual start-up using a hand crank is not possible, the emergency fire-extinguisher set is to be fitted with a starting device approved by Notified Body which enables at least 6 starts to be performed within 30 minutes, two of these being carried out within the first 10 minutes.

F Control Equipment

F.1 General

For unmanned machinery installations in the GL Rules for Electrical Equipment (IV-7-5) are to be ob-served for automation in addition to the following requirements.

F.2 Auxiliary and emergency engines

For auxiliary engines and emergency application engines the controls according to Table 2.1 are to be provided as a minimum.




Tabelle 2.1 Alarms and indicators

Description Auxiliary engines

Emergency engines

Engine overspeed 4 A, S A, S

Lubricating oil pressure at engine inlet I, L 9, S I, L 9 Lubricating oil temperature at engine inlet I 4, H 4 I 4, H 4 Fuel oil pressure at engine inlet I Fuel oil leakage from high pressure pipes A A

Cylinder cooling water pressure or flow at engine inlet I 3, L 3 I 3, L 3 Cylinder cooling water temperature at engine outlet I, H I, H Charge air pressure at cylinder inlet Charge air temperature at charge air cooler inlet Charge air temperature at charge air cooler outlet Starting air pressure Control air pressure

Exhaust gas temperature 1

Oil mist concentration in crankcase or alternative monitoring system 6,7 I, H 5 I, H 5

1 where ever the dimensions permit, at each cylinder outlet and at the turbo charger inlet and outlet

3 cooling water pressure or flow 4 only for an engine output > 220 kW 5 for engines having an output > 2250 kW or a cylinder bore > 300 mm 6 alternative methods of monitoring may be approved by GL 7 an engine shutdown may be provided where necessary 9 only for an engine output > 37 kW

I : Indicator A : Alarm H : Alarm for upper limit L : Alarm for lower limit S : Shut down

G Alarms

G.1 General

G.1.1 The following requirements apply to machinery installations which have been designed for conventional operation without any degree of automation.

G.1.2 Within the context of these requirements, the word alarm is to be understood as the visual and audible warning of abnormal operating parameters.

G.2 Scope of alarms

Alarms have to be provided for auxiliary and emergency engines according to Table 2.1.

H Approximate Calculation of the Starting Air Supply This calculation shall follow the regulations of a notified body.




I Air Compressors The requirements for design and construction of air compressors shall follow the regulations of a notified body.




Section 3 Storage Tanks for Liquid Fuels, Lube and Hydraulic Oils

A General Safety Precautions for Liquid Fuels .............................................................. 3-1 B Distribution, Location and Capacity of Fuel Tanks ..................................................... 3-1 C Fuel Tank Fittings and Mountings............................................................................... 3-2 D Storage of Lubricating and Hydraulic Oils .................................................................. 3-3 E Storage of Oil Residues .............................................................................................. 3-3 F Storage of Gas Bottles for Domestic Purposes .......................................................... 3-4 G Testing for Tightness .................................................................................................. 3-4 H Drip Trays.................................................................................................................... 3-4

A General Safety Precautions for Liquid Fuels Tanks and fuel pipes shall be so located and equipped that fuel cannot spread either inside the installa-tion/unit or on deck and cannot be ignited by hot surfaces or electrical equipment. Tanks shall be fitted with vents and overflow pipes to prevent excessive pressure.

B Distribution, Location and Capacity of Fuel Tanks

B.1 Arrangement of fuel tanks

B.1.1 The fuel supply shall be stored in several tanks so that, even in the event of damage of one of the tanks, the fuel supply will not be entirely lost.

B.1.2 Provision shall be made to ensure that internal combustion engines and boiler plants operating on heavy oil can operate temporarily on fuel which does not need to be preheated. Appropriate tanks shall be provided for this purpose.

B.1.3 Fuel tanks shall be separated by cofferdams from tanks containing lubricating, hydraulic, thermal or edible oil, as well as from tanks containing boiler feedwater, condensate or drinking water. This does not apply to used lubricating oil which will not be used on board anymore.

B.1.4 Fuel oil tanks adjacent to lubricating oil circulating tanks are not permitted.

B.1.5 If fuel is stored in separate containers, following items shall apply: • design to be approved by certified body • location of container to be safely integrated in the platform structure including substructure, fastening

and earthing. • fixed piping for filling and suction as well as air, overflow and sounding pipes. Flexible hoses shall be

accepted on case to case basis. • tank gauges • Drains with self-closing appliances • fire load to be considered • pressure test or type approval




B.2 Location of fuel tanks

B.2.1 Fuel tanks may be located above engines, boilers, turbines and other equipment with a high surface temperature (above 220 °C) only if adequate spill trays are provided below such tanks and they are protected against heat radiation.

Surface temperature of the elements without insulation and lagging will be considered.

B.2.2 An independent fuel supply shall be provided for the prime movers of the emergency source of electrical power.

The fuel supply shall be sufficient for at least 18 hours operation.

By the arrangement and/or heating of the fuel tank the emergency diesel equipment shall be kept in a state of readiness, even when the outside temperature is low.

C Fuel Tank Fittings and Mountings

C.1 For fuel filling and suction lines, air, overflow and sounding pipes, see Section 9.

C.2 Fuel service tanks shall be so arranged that water and residues can settle out.

Fuel tanks shall be fitted with water drains with self-closing shut-off valves.

C.3 Tank gauges

C.3.1 The following tank gauges are permitted: • sounding pipes • oil level indicating devices (type approved) • oil level gauges with flat glasses and self-closing shut-off valves at the connections to the tank and

protected against external damage.

C.3.2 or fuel storage tanks the provision of sounding pipes is sufficient. Such sounding pipes need not be fitted to tanks equipped with oil level indicating devices which have been type-tested by GL.

C.3.3 Fuel service tanks shall be fitted with oil level indicating devices or oil-level gauges according to C.3.1.

C.3.4 Sight glasses and oil gauges fitted directly on the side of the tank and cylindrical glass oil gauges are not permitted.

C.3.5 Sounding pipes of fuel tanks may not terminate in accommodation spaces, nor shall they ter-minate in spaces where the risk of ignition of spillage from the sounding pipes might arise.

C.3.6 Sounding pipes should terminate outside machinery spaces. Where this is not possible, the following requirements are to be met: • Oil-level gauges are to be provided in addition to the sounding pipes. • Sounding pipes are either to terminate in locations remote from ignition hazards or they are to be ef-

fectively screened to prevent that spillage may come into contact with the source of ignition. • The sounding pipes are to be fitted with self-closing shut-off devices and self-closing test cock.

C.4 Fastening of appliances and fittings on fuel tanks inside machinery spaces

C.4.1 Appliances, mountings and fittings not forming part of the fuel tank equipment may be fitted to tank walls only by means of intermediate supports.

Only components forming part of the tank equipment may be fitted to free-standing tanks.




C.4.2 Valves and pipe connections shall be attached to doubler flanges welded to the tank walls.

Holes for stud bolts are not be drilled in the tank walls.

Instead of doubler flanges, short, thick walled pipe stubs with flange connections may be welded to the tank walls.

C.5 Hydrostatic pressure tests

Fuel tanks shall be tested for tightness according to the requirements defined in G.

D Storage of Lubricating and Hydraulic Oils

D.1 Oil drain tanks shall be sufficiently large to ensure that the residence time of the oil is long enough for the expulsion of air bubbles, the settling out of residues, etc. The tanks shall be large enough to hold at least the oil contained in the entire circulation systems, including the contents of gravity tanks. The safety margin shall be 15 %.

D.2 Measures, such as the provision of baffles or limber holes consistent with structural strength requirements, particularly relating to the machinery bed plate, shall be taken to ensure that the entire contents of the tank remain in circulation. Limber holes shall be located as near to the bottom of the tank as possible.

Lubricating oil drain pipes from the engine to the drain tank shall be submerged at their outlet ends.

Suction pipe connections shall be placed as far as is practicable from the oil drain pipe, so that neither air nor sludge can be sucked up irrespective of the inclination of the unit.

D.3 Oil drain tanks shall be equipped with sufficiently dimensioned vents.

E Storage of Oil Residues

E.1 Tank heating system

To ensure the pump ability of the oil residues a tank heating system in accordance with international rules is to be provided, if considered necessary.

Sludge tanks are generally to be fitted with means of heating which are to be so designed, that the con-tent of the sludge tank may be heated up to 60°C.

E.2 Sludge tanks

E.2.1 Capacity of sludge tanks

The capacity of sludge tanks shall be such, that they are able to hold the residues arising from the opera-tion of the installation/unit having regard to the maximum duration between offshore supply services.

E.2.2 Fittings and mountings of sludge tanks

E.2.2.1 For tank sounding devices C are to be applied.

E.2.2.2 For air pipes, see Section 9




F Storage of Gas Bottles for Domestic Purposes

F.1 Storage of gas bottles shall be located on open deck or in well ventilated spaces which only open to the open deck.

F.2 Gaseous fuel systems for domestic purposes shall comply with an acceptable standard 1.

G Testing for Tightness

G.1 Testing of tanks for fuel oil, lubricating, hydraulic and thermal oil as well for water is to be ef-fected by a combination of a leak test by means of air pressure and an operational test by means of water or the liquid for which the tank is intended to be used.

The air pressure is not to exceed 0.2 bar gauge. The increased risk of accident while the tanks are sub-jected to the air pressure is to be observed.

Butt welds made by approved automatic or semiautomatic processes on erection welds need not be tested, provided that these welds are carefully visually examined and are free of repairs. The results of the non-destructive examinations made at random to the satisfaction of the GL Surveyor shall not reveal significant defects. If there is evidence from inspection results that the quality of these welds has been downgraded significantly, the extent of the leak testing may be increased to the GL Surveyor's discretion.

G.2 Where the tanks are not subjected to the leak test as per G.1 but are leak tested with water the bulkheads are, in general, to be tested from one side. The testing should be carried out prior to launching or in the dock. Subject to approval by GL, the test may also be carried out after launching. Wa-ter testing may be carried out after application of a coating, provided that during the visual inspection as per 1. above deficiencies are not noted. The test head shall correspond to a head of water of 2.5 m above the top of tank or to the top of overflow or air pipe, whichever is the greater.

G.3 The operational test may be carried out when the unit is ashore. For all tanks the proper func-tioning of filling and suction lines and of the valves as well as functioning and tightness of the vent, sound-ing and overflow pipes is to be tested.

H Drip Trays Drip trays shall be installed under equipment where leakages may occur.

Oil filled electrical equipment like transformer to be fitted with drip trays to contain at minimum the volume of oil content, rain and fire water and should be fitted with fire retarded grating and firetrap in the drain pipe.

––––––––––––––

1 National requirements, if any, are to be observed.




Section 4 Bunker Stations A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 4-1 B Bunker Lines ............................................................................................................... 4-1 C Arrangement ............................................................................................................... 4-1 D Communication ........................................................................................................... 4-1 E Standard Discharge Connection................................................................................. 4-1

A Scope

B Bunker Lines Bunker lines, if present, for fuel, oily sludge, water, sanitary sludge and other fluids to lead to a bunker station.

The bunkering of oil fuels shall be effected by means of permanently installed lines either from the open deck or from bunkering stations located below deck which shall be isolated from other spaces.

The bunkering lines are to be fitted with blind flanges and a quick closing valve on deck.

C Arrangement Bunker stations are to be arranged that the bunkering with a supply vessel can be performed from at least one side of the unit without danger.

Drip trays shall be installed around the bunker area.

Bunkering instructions to be provided.

D Communication Reliable communication shall be installed between bunker station and tank location and/or engine room.

E Standard Discharge Connection Discharge pipelines for residues from machinery bilges and oil sludge tank shall be fitted with standard discharge connections.

Details see MARPOL Annex 1.


Section 4 Bunker Stations


Section 5 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 5-1 B Design Rules............................................................................................................... 5-1 C Documents to Submitted............................................................................................. 5-1

A Scope The following requirements apply to pressure vessels, heat exchangers and filters (gauge or vacuum pressure) for the operation of offshore installations or units if they are subjected to internal or external pressure in service. • GL Rules for Machinery Installations (I-1-2), Section 8

B Design Rules

B.1.1 For the construction of pressure vessels and heat exchangers the following Rules shall apply: • GL Rules for Machinery Installations (I-1-2), Section 8

Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) (97/23/EG) • BS 5500, Unfired Fusion Welded Pressure Vessels (British Standard) • ASME Code Section VIII, Div. 1 and Div. 2, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels (American

Society of Mechanical Engineers)

B.2 As regards their construction and installation, pressure vessels plants are also required to comply with the applicable statutory requirements and regulations of the installation’s/unit’s country of registra-tion.

C Documents to Submitted Drawings of pressure vessels and equipment containing all the data necessary for their safety assess-ment are to be submitted to GL.

Certificates to be submitted.

See: GL Rules for Machinery Installations (I-1-2), Section 8


Section 5 Pressure Vessels and Heat Exchangers


Section 6 Water Systems A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 6-1 B Drinking Water Systems ............................................................................................. 6-1 C Sanitary Systems ........................................................................................................ 6-2 D Seawater Cooling and Supply Systems...................................................................... 6-3 E Freshwater Cooling Systems...................................................................................... 6-3

A Scope All kinds of relevant water systems, except fire and deck-wash system, are object of this Section.

Design requirements and equipment/ outfitting details are mentioned, for further details see also Section 9.

Following systems shall apply: • drinking water • sanitary systems • seawater cooling • freshwater cooling

B Drinking Water Systems National Regulations, where existing, are to be considered.

B.1 Drinking water tanks

B.1.1 Drinking water tanks shall not have any walls in common with tanks containing substances other than feed water or distillate.

B.1.2 Pipes not carrying drinking water shall not be led through drinking water tanks.

B.1.3 Drinking water tanks located at the installations shell or outside are to be provided with means for tank heating to prevent freezing.

B.2 Drinking water tank connections

B.2.1 Filling connections shall be located sufficiently high above deck and shall be fitted with a clos-ing device.

Filling connections shall not be fitted to air pipes.

B.2.2 Air/overflow pipes shall be protected against the entry of insects by a fine mesh screen.

B.2.3 Sounding pipes shall terminate sufficiently high above tank.

B.3 Drinking water pipe lines

B.3.1 Drinking water pipe lines shall not be connected to pipe lines carrying other media.

B.3.2 Drinking water pipe lines are not to be laid through tanks which do not contain drinking water.


Section 6 Water Systems


B.3.3 Drinking water supply to tanks or systems which do not contain drinking water (e.g. expansion tanks of the fresh water cooling system) shall be made by means of an open funnel or with means of pre-venting flow back.

B.4 Pressure water tanks/calorifiers

For design, equipment, installation and testing of pressure water tanks and calorifiers the requirements of Section 5 are to be observed.

B.5 Drinking water pumps

B.5.1 Separate drinking water pumps shall be provided for drinking water systems.

B.5.2 The pressure lines of the pumps of drinking water pressure tanks shall be fitted with screw-down non-return valves.

B.6 Drinking water generation

Where the distillate produced by the installation’s/unit’s own evaporator is used for the drinking water supply, the treatment of the distillate has to comply with the requirements of National Health Authorities.

C Sanitary Systems

C.1 Sewage treatment

C.1.1 Units are to be fitted with the following equipment: • a sewage treatment plant approved according to Resolution MEPC 159(55), or • a holding tank

C.1.1 A pipeline for the discharge of sewage to a Bunker station is to be arranged. The pipeline is to be provided with a standard discharge connection and a screw-down non-return valve.

C.2 General arrangement

C.2.1 Scuppers in sufficient numbers and sizes to provide effective drainage shall be fitted in all decks; hazardous and safe areas shall have separate drainage.

C.2.2 Sanitary discharge pipes located in operational areas shall be specially protected. Individual sanitary discharge pipes shall be connected to common discharge pipes.

C.2.3 For discharge lines the following pipes may be used: • steel pipes • pipes having smaller thickness when specially protected against corrosion, on special approval • special types of pipes according to recognized standards, e.g. socket pipes, on special approval

C.2.4 Penetrations of pipes of smaller thickness, pipes of special types and plastic pipes through bulkheads of type A are to be approved by Notified Body.

C.3 Sewage tanks and sewage treatment systems

C.3.1 Vent pipes shall be lead to an open deck to prevent smell disturbance.

C.3.2 Sewage tanks are to be fitted with a filling connection, a rinsing connection and a level alarm.

C.3.3 Bilge pumps may not be used for emptying sewage tanks.




D Seawater Cooling and Supply Systems

D.1 Sea suctions

D.1.1 At least two sea suctions are to be provided.

Wherever possible, the sea suctions are to be arranged as low as possible on either side of the unit.

D.1.2 For service in tidal waters, it is recommended that the end of the suction line is under water at each level.

D.1.3 This equipment may be integrated into the legs/jackets or a special suction tower may be in-stalled.

D.2 Strainer

The suction lines of the seawater pumps are to be fitted with strainers.

The strainers are to be so arranged that they can be cleaned during service.

D.3 Pumps

D.3.1 Submersible seawater lift pumps on fixed installations shall be inserted in, or attached to, the suction tubing to allow easy removal for control and maintenance. They have to be installed deep enough to minimize the oxygen content of seaweeds, mud or disposed liquids.

D.3.2 Cooling water supply for auxiliary engines

Where a common cooling water pump is provided to serve more than one auxiliary engine or plant, an independent stand-by cooling water pump with the same capacity is to be fitted.

If each auxiliary engine or plant is equipped with a dedicated cooling water pump, stand-by cooling water pumps need not to be provided.

E Freshwater Cooling Systems

E.1 General

E.1.1 Fresh water cooling systems are to be so arranged that the engines and plants can be suffi-ciently cooled under all operating conditions.

E.1.2 Depending on the requirements of the engine and component plants, the following fresh water cooling systems are allowed: • a single cooling circuit for the entire plant • separate cooling circuits for the main and auxiliary plant • several independent cooling circuits for the main components which need cooling and for the auxil-

iary plants. • separate cooling circuits for various temperature ranges

E.1.3 The cooling circuits are to be so divided that, should one part of the system fail, operation of the auxiliary systems can be maintained.

Change-over arrangements are to be provided for this purpose, if necessary.

E.1.4 As far as possible, the temperature controls of main and auxiliary plants as well as of different circuits are to be independent of each other.




E.1.5 Where, in automated plants, heat exchangers for fuel, lubricating or cooling oil are incorpo-rated in one system, the entire cooling water system is to be monitored for fuel and oil leakage.

E.1.6 Common cooling water systems for main and auxiliary plants are to be fitted with shut-off valves to enable repairs to be performed without taking the entire plant out of service.

E.2 Heat exchangers, coolers

E.2.1 The construction and equipment of heat exchangers are subject to the requirements of Section 5

E.2.2 The coolers of cooling water systems, engines and equipment are to be so designed to ensure that the specified cooling water temperatures can be maintained under all operating conditions. Cooling water temperatures are to be adjusted to meet the requirements of engines and equipment.

E.2.3 Heat exchangers for auxiliary equipment in the main cooling water circuit are to be provided with by-passes if, in the event of a failure of the heat exchanger, it is possible by these means to keep the system in operation.

E.2.4 It is to be ensured that auxiliary machinery can be maintained in operation while repairing the main coolers. If necessary, means are to be provided for changing over to other heat exchangers, ma-chinery or equipment through which a temporary heat transfer can be achieved.

E.2.5 Shut-off valves shall be provided at the inlet and outlet of all heat exchangers.

E.2.6 Each heat exchanger shall be provided with a vent and a drain.

E.3 Expansion tanks

E.3.1 Expansion tanks shall be arranged at sufficient height for each cooling water circuit.

Different cooling circuits may only be connected to one common expansion tank, if they do not interfere with each other. Care shall be taken here to ensure that damage to or faults in one system cannot affect the other system.

E.3.2 Expansion tanks shall be fitted with filling connections, aeration/de-aeration devices, water level indicators and a drain arrangement.

E.4 Fresh water cooling pumps

E.4.1 Main and stand-by cooling water pumps are to be provided for each fresh water cooling sys-tem.

E.4.2 Stand-by cooling water pumps are to have the same capacity as main cooling water pumps.

E.4.3 A stand-by cooling water pump of a cooling water system may be used as a stand-by pump for another system provided that the necessary pipe connections are arranged. The shut-off valves in these connections are to be secured against unintended operation.

E.4.4 Equipment providing emergency cooling from another system can be approved if the plant and the system are suitable for this purpose.

E.5 Temperature control

Cooling water circuits shall be provided with temperature control and alarms. Control devices, whose failure may impair the functional reliability of the machinery, shall be equipped with means for manual operation.




E.6 Pre-heating of cooling water

Means shall be provided for preheating fresh cooling water. Exceptions are to be approved by GL.

E.7 Emergency generator units

E.7.1 Internal combustion engines driving emergency generators or fire pumps shall be fitted with independent cooling systems.

E.7.2 Such cooling systems shall be protected from freezing, where necessary.




Section 7 Drain Systems A.1 Drains

A.1.1 Drains sufficient in number and size to provide effective drainage of the peak rainfall are to be fitted in the weather deck and to led outside directly to the sea.

Areas with oily leakage shall be fitted with coamings.

Drains for these areas should be led to the oily drain holding tank or to empty manually.

A.1.2 Decks within closed superstructures are to be drained to the bilge tank.

Clean drains could be led directly to the sea.

A.1.3 Drains for spaces with oily leakage are to be connected to pipes, which are led to a oily drain holding tank and are to be well protected.

Fire seals in the pipes or drain pots shall be installed in every fire area to prevent a back flash in case of fire.

The pipes for discharge fluids shall have a minimum rate of 420 m3/h.

A.1.4 Oily drain holding tanks shall be dimensioned for the largest amount of oil, deluge water and firewater coming from an oil filled equipment during the greatest incident plus spare capacity (suggest 15 %).

A.1.5 Oily drain water is to be disposed by a supply vessel or to led to an oily water separator.

A.1.6 Helicopter deck drain to led in save way directly to sea without any spill to the outside off the unit.

A.1.7 Drain systems in hazardous areas with spill of dangerous liquids shall be complete separated from drains in non hazardous areas.


Section 7 Drain Systems


Section 8 Oily Water Separator A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 8-1 B Equipment ................................................................................................................... 8-1

A Scope Platforms shall be provided with: • An oily water separator or filter plant for the separation of water/oil mixtures or a sufficiently dimen-

sioned oily drain holding tank.

B Equipment For the outfitting with oily water separators, filter plants, oil collecting tanks and oil discharge pipes, and with a system for monitoring and controlling the discharge of water from oily water separators, attention is drawn to the need to comply with the provisions of the International Convention of 1973 and of the Proto-col of 1978 for the prevention of pollution from ships, "MARPOL", as amended.


Section 8 Oily Water Separator


Section 9 Piping Systems A Scope .......................................................................................................................... 9-1 B Design Principles ........................................................................................................ 9-1 C Materials and Testing.................................................................................................. 9-2 D Calculation of Wall Thickness and Elasticity............................................................... 9-4 E Principles for the Construction of Piping Systems...................................................... 9-4 F Fuel Oil Systems......................................................................................................... 9-8 G Lubricating Oil Systems ............................................................................................ 9-11 H Air and Overflow Pipes ............................................................................................. 9-13 I Sounding Pipes......................................................................................................... 9-14 J Exhaust Gas Lines.................................................................................................... 9-15 K Compressed Air Lines............................................................................................... 9-16

A Scope The following requirements apply to piping systems, fittings, flexible hoses and all steel flexible lines on fixed offshore units.

B Design Principles

B.1 General design conditions

Each piping system for offshore installations and units will have to be designed according to the service and operating conditions as well as the environmental conditions required and specified for the actual case.

The design has to take into consideration the most severe process service and operating conditions.

The piping design will have to be carried out under consideration of international and recognized stan-dards applicable for the specific type of service conditions.

B.2 Documents for certification

B.2.1 Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P & ID)

Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P & ID) shall be submitted to GL and shall contain all relevant data for material selection, operation and safety.

Information to be included in P& IDs for pipe identification: • pipe / line number • design and operating pressure • design and operating temperature • material specification • diameters / nominal diameters and wall thickness • information about valves, measurement and control units / applications • information about pipe classes • locations of drainage and breather units


Section 9 Piping Systems


B.2.2 Welded piping systems

For welded piping systems the following documentation has to be provided additionally: • Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) • Procedure Qualification Record (PQR)

B.3 Classes of piping systems

For the purpose of verification of dimensioning, material selection, welding procedures, heat treatment, joint selection and testing requirements, pipes are divided into pipe classes as indicated in the applicable standards.

C Materials and Testing

C.1 General

Materials to be used for pipe systems to be installed in offshore installations/units including valves and fittings shall be suitable for the different services and shall comply with the applicable standards.

In case of especially corrosive media, GL may impose special requirements on the material used.

C.1.1 Material manufacturers

Pipes, elbows, fittings, valve casings, flanges and semi-finished products intended to be used are to be manufactured by approved manufacturers or a recognized standard.

C.1.2 Pipes, valves and other fittings of steel

C.1.2.1 Pipes shall be seamless drawn steel pipes or pipes fabricated in accordance with a welding procedure approved by GL to be equivalent to seamless pipes.

C.1.2.2 In general, carbon and carbon-manganese steel pipes, valves and other fittings shall not be employed for temperatures above 400 °C. For applications above 400 °C approval by GL has to be asked for.

C.1.3 Pipes, valves and fittings of copper and copper alloys

Pipes of copper and copper alloys shall be of seamless drawn material or fabricated according to a method approved by GL.

The use is to be limited to auxiliary and utility services if the following requirements are observed.

In general, copper and copper alloy pipe lines shall not be used for media having temperatures above the following limits: • copper and aluminium brass 200 °C • copper nickel alloys 300 °C • high-temperature bronze 260 °C

C.1.4 Pipes, valves and fittings of nodular ferritic cast iron

C.1.4.1 Nodular cast iron may be accepted in auxiliary or utility systems with the following limitations.

C.1.4.2 Nodular cast iron of the ferritic type according to the GL Rules II - Materials and Welding may be accepted for bilge, ballast and oil or gas piping within tanks or for other purposes approved by GL.

C.1.5 Grey cast iron pipes and fittings

The use of grey cast iron is not allowed: • for pipes and fittings for media having temperatures above 220 °C and for pipelines subject to water

hammer, severe stresses or vibrations




• for valves on fuel and oil tanks subject to static head

The use of grey cast iron for other services will be subject to GL approval.

C.1.6 Plastic pipe systems

C.1.6.1 General

Plastic piping systems are to be type approved by notified body.

C.1.6.2 Range of application

Depending on the location of installation and the medium three different levels of fire endurance for plas-tic pipe systems are to be distinguished (see IMO Resolution A.753(18), Appendix 1 and 2).

C.1.6.3 Quality control during manufacture

C.1.6.3.1 The manufacturer is to have a quality system that meets ISO 9000 series standards or equiva-lent.

The quality system is to consist of elements necessary to ensure that pipes and fittings are produced with consistent and uniform mechanical and physical properties.

C.1.6.3.2 Each pipe and fitting is to be tested by the manufacturer at a hydrostatic pressure not less than 1.5 times the nominal pressure. Alternatively, for pipes and fittings not employing hand lay up tech-niques, the hydrostatic pressure test may be carried out in accordance with the hydrostatic testing re-quirements stipulated in the recognised national or international standard to which the pipe or fittings are manufactured, provided that there is an effective quality system in place.

C.1.6.3.3 Piping and fittings are to be permanently marked with identification. Identification is to include pressure ratings, the design standards that the pipe or fitting is manufactured in accordance with, and the material of which the pipe or fitting is made.

C.1.6.3.4 Depending upon the intended application GL may require the pressure testing of each pipe and/or fitting.

C.1.6.4 Installation

C.1.6.4.1 The selection and spacing of pipe supports are to take into account pipe dimensions, me-chanical and physical properties of the pipe material, mass of pipe and contained fluid, external pressure, operating temperature, thermal expansion effects, loads due to external forces, thrust forces, water ham-mer, vibrations, maximum accelerations to which the system may be subjected. Combination of loads is to be considered.

C.1.6.4.2 Heavy components such as valves and expansion joints are to be independently supported.

C.1.6.4.3 When calculating the thermal expansions, account is to be taken of the difference between the operating temperature of the system and the ambient temperature during installation.

C.1.6.4.4 Pipes are to be protected during installation and service from mechanical damage where nec-essary.

C.1.6.4.5 In piping systems for fluid with conductivity less than 1000 picoSiemens per metre [pS/m] such as refined products and distillates use is to be made of conductive pipes.

Regardless of the medium, electrically conductive plastic piping is to be used if the piping passes through hazardous areas. The resistance to earth from any point in the piping system is not to exceed 1 · 106 Ohm. It is preferred that pipes and fittings be homogeneously conductive. Pipes and fittings having con-ductive layers are to be protected against a possibility of spark damage to the pipe wall. Satisfactory earthing is to be provided.

After completion of the installation, the resistance to earth is to be verified. Earthing connections are to be arranged in a way accessible for inspection.

C.1.6.4.6 To meet the fire endurance the pipes and fittings may be provided with flame protection cov-ers, coatings or isolations.

The installation instructions of the manufacturer have to be considered.




C.1.6.4.7 Pipe penetrations through fire divisions are to be type approved by GL.

C.1.6.5 Testing after installation on board

Piping systems for essential services are to be subjected to a pressure test with a pressure of 1.5 times the design pressure pc resp. nominal pressure PN, but at minimum to 4 bar.

Piping systems for non-essential services are to be checked for leakage under operational conditions.

For piping required to be electrically conductive, earthing is to be checked and random resistance testing is to be conducted.

C.1.7 Aluminium and aluminium alloys

C.1.7.1 Aluminium and aluminium alloys may in individual cases, with the agreement of GL, be used for temperatures up to 200 °C. They are not acceptable for use in fire extinguishing lines.

C.1.7.2 Aluminium and aluminium alloys shall not be used in hydrocarbon piping systems.

C.2 Testing of materials

C.2.1 Tests to be carried out in accordance to applicable standards.

C.3 Hydraulic tests of pipes

C.3.1 Tests to be carried out in accordance to applicable standards

D Calculation of Wall Thickness and Elasticity

D.1 Minimum wall thickness

Tests to be carried out in accordance to applicable standards

D.2 Calculation of pipe wall thickness

D.2.1 Calculation to be carried out in accordance to applicable standards.

D.2.2 Corrosion allowance

The corrosion allowance shall be depends on the application of the pipe in accordance with applicable standards.

E Principles for the Construction of Piping Systems

E.1 General

E.1.1 Piping systems shall be constructed and manufactured on the basis of recognized standards.

E.1.2 Piping intended for use at elevated temperatures has to be rated according to the temperature limitation of respective standards or specifications.

E.1.3 Welding shall be done according to the applicable technical requirements and state-of-the-art workmanship and good practice. The welding documentation, welding preparation and weld joints shall be checked and inspected by GL as necessary during fabrication and after completion of welding heat treatment.




E.1.4 Welded joints rather than detachable couplings shall be used for all hydrocarbon services, for piping carrying toxic media, flammable liquefied gases as well as for pipes for superheated steam with temperatures exceeding 400 °C.

E.1.5 Expansion in piping systems due to heating and shifting of their suspensions caused by de-formations of the adjacent structure shall be compensated by bends, compensators and flexible pipe connections.

The arrangement of suitable fixed points shall be taken into consideration.

E.1.6 Where pipes are protected against corrosion by special protective coatings, e.g. hot dip galva-nising, rubber lining, etc., it is to be ensured that the protective coating will not be damaged during instal-lation.

E.2 Pipe connections

E.2.1 Types of connection

The following pipe connections may be used: • full penetration butt welds with/without provision to improve the quality of the root • socket welds with suitable fillet weld thickness and where appropriate in accordance with recognized

standards • steel flanges may be used in accordance with the permitted pressures and temperatures specified in

the relevant standards • mechanical joints (e.g. pipe unions, pipe couplings, press fittings) of an approved type

The use of welded pipe connections shall be in accordance to applicable standards.

E.2.2 Flange connections

E.2.2.1 Dimensions of flanges and bolting shall comply with recognized standards.

E.2.2.2 Gaskets are to be suitable for the intended media under design pressure and temperature conditions and their dimensions and construction shall be in accordance with recognized standards.

E.2.2.3 Steel flanges may be used in accordance with the permitted pressures and temperatures specified in the relevant standards.

E.2.2.4 Flanges made of non-ferrous metals may be used in accordance with the relevant standards and within the limits laid down in the approvals.

E.2.3 Welded socket connections

Welded socket connections may be accepted accordance to applicable standards.

Following conditions are to be observed: • The thickness of the sockets is to be in accordance at least equal to the thickness of the pipe. • The clearance between the pipes and the socket is to be as small as possible. • The use of welded socket connections in systems of pipe class II may be accepted only under the

condition that in the systems no excessive stress, erosion and corrosion are expected.

E.2.4 Screwed socket connections

E.2.4.1 Screwed socket connections with parallel and tapered threads shall comply with requirements of recognized national or international standards.

E.2.4.2 Screwed socket connections with parallel threads are permitted for pipes with an outside di-ameter ≤ 60.3mm as well as for subordinate systems (e.g. sanitary and hot water heating systems). They are not permitted for systems for flammable media.

E.2.4.3 Screwed socket connections with tapered threads are permitted for the following:




• class I, outside diameter not more than 33.7 mm • class II and class III, outside diameter not more than 60.3 mm

Screwed socket connections with tapered threads are not permitted for piping systems conveying toxic or flammable media or services where fatigue, severe erosion or crevice corrosion is expected to occur.

Table 9.1 Pipe connections

Types of connections Pipe class Outside

diameter Welded butt-joints with special provi-sions for root side

I, II, III

Welded butt-joints without special provi-sions for root side

II, III

III

all

Socket weld II ≤ 60.3 mm

E.2.5 Brazed connections

Brazed connections may be used after special approval by GL.

E.2.6 Mechanical joints

E.2.6.1 Mechanical joints in bilge and seawater systems within machinery spaces or spaces of high fire risk, e.g. cargo pump rooms and car decks, shall be flame resistant.

E.2.6.2 Mechanical joints are not to be used in piping sections directly connected to sea openings or tanks containing flammable liquids.

E.2.6.3 The use of slip-on joints is not permitted in: • bilge lines inside ballast and fuel tanks • seawater and ballast lines including air and overflow pipes inside cargo holds and fuel tanks • fuel and oil lines including air and overflow pipes inside machinery spaces. • non water filled pressure water spraying systems (dry pipe systems)

Slip-on joints inside tanks may be permitted only if the pipes contain the same medium as the tanks.

Unrestrained slip on joints may be used only where required for compensation of lateral pipe movement.

E.2.7 Layout, marking and installation

E.2.7.1 Piping systems shall be adequately identified according to their purpose. Valves are to be permanently and clearly marked.

E.2.7.2 Pipe penetrations leading through bulkheads/decks and tank walls shall be water and oil tight. Bolts through bulkheads are not permitted.

Holes for fastening screws shall not be drilled in the tank walls.

E.2.7.3 Sealing systems for pipes penetrating through watertight bulkheads and decks as well as through fire divisions are to be approved by GL unless the pipe is welded into the bulkhead/deck 5.

E.2.7.4 Piping close to electrical switchboards shall be so installed or protected that a leakage cannot damage the electrical installation.




E.2.7.5 Piping systems are to be so arranged that they can be completely emptied, drained and vented.

Piping systems in which the accumulation of liquids during operation could cause damage shall be equipped with special drain arrangements.

E.2.8 Shut-off devices

For the requirements of shut-off devices including remote control of valves see Section 3.

E.3 Hose assemblies and compensators

E.3.1 Scope

E.3.1.1 The following requirements are applicable for hose assemblies and compensators made of non-metallic and metallic materials.

E.3.1.2 Hose assemblies and compensators made of non-metallic and metallic materials may be used according to their suitability in fuel-, lubricating oil-, hydraulic oil-, bilge-, ballast-, fresh water cooling-, sea water cooling-, compressed air-, auxiliary steam, exhaust gas and thermal oil systems as well as in sec-ondary piping systems.

E.3.1.3 Hose assemblies and compensators made of non-metallic materials are not permitted in per-manently pressurized starting air lines. Furthermore it is not permitted to use hose assemblies and com-pensators in fuel injection piping systems of combustion engines.

E.3.2 Requirements

E.3.2.1 Hoses and compensators used in the systems mentioned in E.3.1.2 are to be of an approved type.

E.3.2.2 Manufacturers of hose assemblies and compensators 8 shall be recognized by GL.

E.3.2.3 Hose assemblies and compensators including their couplings are to be suitable for media, pressures and temperatures they are designed for.

E.3.2.4 The selection of hose assemblies and compensators is to be based on the maximum allow-able working pressure of the system concerned. A pressure of 5 bar is to be considered as the minimum working pressure.

E.3.2.5 Hose assemblies and compensators for the use in fuel-, lubricating oil-, hydraulic oil-, bilge- and sea water systems are to be flame-resistant.

E.3.3 Installations

E.3.3.1 Hose assemblies and compensators shall only be used at locations where they are required for compensation of relative movements. They shall be kept as short as possible under consideration of the installation instructions of the hose manufacturer.

The number of hose assemblies and compensators is to be kept to minimum.

E.3.3.2 The minimum bending radius of installed hose assemblies shall not be less than specified by the manufacturers.

E.3.3.3 Non-metallic hose assemblies and compensators are to be located at visible and accessible positions.

E.3.3.4 In fresh water systems with a working pressure of ≤ 5 bar and in charging and scavenging air lines, hoses may be fastened to the pipe ends with double clips.

E.3.3.5 Where hose assemblies and compensators are installed in the vicinity of hot components they shall be provided with approved heat-resistant sleeves.




E.3.3.6 Hose assemblies and compensators conveying flammable liquids that are in close proximity of heated surfaces are to be provided with screens or other similar protection to avoid the risk of ignition due to failure at the hose assembly or compensator.

E.3.4 Test

E.3.4.1 Hose assemblies and compensators are to be subjected in the manufacturer's works to a pressure test.

E.3.4.2 For compensators intended to be used in exhaust gas pipes the pressure test according E.3.4.1 may be omitted.

E.3.5 Marking

Hose assemblies and compensators shall be permanently marked with the following particulars: • manufacturer's mark or symbol • date of manufacturing • type • nominal diameter • maximum allowable working pressure respectively nominal pressure • test Certificate number and identification code.

E.4 Protection of piping systems against overpressure

The following piping systems shall be fitted with safety valves to avoid destructive overpressures: 1. Piping systems and valves in which liquids can be blocked in and heated; 2. Piping systems which may be exposed to service pressures in excess of the design pressure.

Safety valves shall be capable of discharging at a maximum pressure increase of 10 % above the maxi-mum allowable overpressure. Safety valves shall be fitted on the low pressure side of reducing valves.

E.5 Protection of piping systems against vibrations

Protective means to reduce the reactions caused by reciprocating machines.

F Fuel Oil Systems

F.1 Bunker lines

The bunkering of oil fuels shall be effected by means of permanently installed lines either from the open deck or from bunkering stations located below deck which shall be isolated from other spaces.

Bunker stations are to be arranged that the bunkering can be performed from at least one side of the unit without danger. The bunkering lines are to be fitted with blind flanges on deck and a remote controlled shut of valve.

F.2 Tank filling and suction lines

F.2.1 Filling and suction lines from storage, settling and service tanks situated on decks and from which in case of their damage or fire, fuel oil may leak, are to be fitted directly on the tanks with shut-off devices capable of being closed from a safe position outside the space concerned.

F.2.2 Shut-off devices on fuel oil tanks having a capacity of less than 500 L need not be provided with remote control.

F.2.3 Filling lines are to extend to the bottom of the tank. Short filling lines directed to the side of the tank may be admissible.




Storage tank suction lines may also be used as filling lines.

F.2.4 Where filling lines are led through the tank top and end below the maximum oil level in the tank, a non-return valve at the tank top is to be arranged.

F.2.5 The inlet connections of suction lines are to be arranged far enough from the drains in the tank so that water and impurities which have settled out will not enter the suctions.

F.2.6 The remotely operated shut-off devices shall be manually operated from outside the con-cerned spaces.

F.3 Pipe layout

F.3.1 Fuel lines may not pass through tanks containing feed water, drinking water, lubricating oil or thermal oil.

F.3.2 Fuel lines may not be laid directly above or in the vicinity of boilers, turbines or equipment with high surface temperatures (over 220 °C) or in way of other sources of ignition.

F.3.3 Flanged and screwed socket connections in fuel oil lines shall be screened or otherwise suita-bly protected to avoid, as far as practicable, oil spray or oil leakages onto hot surfaces, into machinery air intakes, or other sources of ignition.

The number of detachable pipe connections is to be limited. In general, flanged connections according to recognized standards shall be used.

F.3.4 Flanged and screwed socket connections in fuel oil lines which lay directly above hot surfaces or other sources of ignition are to be screened and provided with drainage arrangements.

F.3.5 Flanged and screwed socket connections in fuel oil lines with a maximum allowable working pressure of more than 0.18 N/mm2 and within about 3 m from hot surfaces or other sources of ignition and direct sight of line shall be screened. Drainage arrangements need not to be provided.

F.3.6 Flanged and screwed socket connections in fuel oil lines with a maximum allowable working pressure of less than 0.18 N/mm2 and within about 3 m from hot surfaces or other sources of ignition shall be assessed individually taking into account working pressure, type of coupling and possibility of failure.

F.3.7 Flanged and screwed socket connections in fuel oil lines with a maximum allowable working pressure of more than 1.6 N/mm2 need normally to be screened.

F.3.8 Pipes running below engine room floor need normally not be screened.

F.3.9 Shut-off valves in fuel lines in the machinery spaces shall be operable from above the floor plates.

F.3.10 Glass and plastic components are not permitted in fuel systems. Sight glasses made of glass located in vertical overflow pipes may be permitted.

F.3.11 Fuel pumps shall be capable of being isolated from the piping system by shut-off valves.

F.4 Fuel transfer, feed and booster pumps

F.4.1 Fuel transfer, feed and booster pumps shall be designed for the intended operating tempera-ture of the medium.

F.4.2 A fuel transfer pump shall be provided. Other service pumps may be used if they are suitable for this purpose.

F.4.3 At least two means of oil fuel transfer shall be provided for filling the service tanks.




F.4.4 Where a feed or booster pump is required to supply fuel to auxiliary engines, a standby pumps shall be provided. Where, in the case of auxiliary engines, the pumps are attached to the engine, a standby pump may be dispensed with.

Fuel supply units of auxiliary diesel engine are to be designed such that the auxiliary engines start without aid from the emergency generator within 30 sec after black-out.

Note

To fulfil the above requirements for example the following measures could be a possibility: • Air driven service pump • gravity tank • Buffer tank before each auxiliary diesel engine

F.5 Plants with more than one engine

For plants with more than one engine, complete spare feed or booster pumps stored on board may be accepted instead of stand-by pumps provided that the feed or booster pumps are so arranged that they can be replaced with the means available on board.

F.6 Shut-off devices

F.6.1 On units for plants with more than one engine shut-off devices for isolating the fuel supply and overproduction/recirculation lines to any engine from a common supply system shall be provided. These valves shall be operable from a position not rendered inaccessible by a fire on any of the engines.

F.6.2 Instead of shut-off devices in the overproduction/recirculation lines check valves may be fitted.

Where shut-off devices are fitted, they are to be locked in the operating position.

F.7 Filters

F.7.1 Fuel oil filters are to be fitted in the delivery line of the fuel pumps.

F.7.2 For unmanned units the filter equipment shall satisfy the requirements of the automation.

F.7.3 Mesh size and filter capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufac-turer of the engine.

F.7.4 Uninterrupted supply of filtered fuel has to be ensured during cleaning of the filtering equip-ment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the automatic back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration.

F.7.5 Back-flushing intervals of automatic back flushing filters provided for intermittent back-flushing are to be monitored.

F.7.6 Fuel oil filters are to be fitted with differential pressure monitoring. On engines provided for operation with gas oil only, differential pressure monitoring may be dispensed with.

F.7.7 Engines for the exclusive operation of emergency generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters.

F.7.8 Fuel transfer units are to be fitted with a simplex filter on the suction side.

F.7.9 For filter arrangement, see Section 2, D.3

F.8 Purifiers

F.8.1 Manufacturers of purifiers for cleaning fuel and lubricating oil shall be approved by notified body.




F.8.2 Where a fuel purifier may exceptionally be used to purify lubricating oil the purifier supply and discharge lines are to be fitted with a change-over arrangement which prevents the possibility of fuel and lubricating oils being mixed.

Suitable equipment is also to be provided to prevent such mixing occurring over control and compression lines.

F.8.3 The sludge tanks of purifiers are to be fitted with a level alarm which ensures that the level in the sludge tank cannot interfere with the operation of the purifier.

F.9 Service tanks

F.9.1 On units fuel oil service tanks are to be provided.

Equivalent arrangements may be permitted.

F.9.2 Each service tank shall have a capacity of at least 8 hours at normal operation load of the generator plant.

G Lubricating Oil Systems

G.1 General requirements

G.1.1 Lubricating oil systems are to be so constructed to ensure reliable lubrication over the whole range of speed and during run-down of the engines and to ensure adequate heat transfer.

G.1.2 Priming pumps

Where necessary, priming pumps are to be provided for supplying lubricating oil to the engines.

G.1.3 Emergency lubrication

A suitable emergency lubricating oil supply (e.g. gravity tank) is to be arranged for machinery which may be damaged in case of interruption of lubricating oil supply.

G.1.4 Lubricating oil treatment

G.1.5 Equipments necessary for adequate treatment of lubricating oil such as purifiers, automatic back-flushing filters, filters and free-jet centrifuges are to be provided.

G.2 Lubricating oil systems

G.2.1 Lubricating oil circulating tanks and gravity tanks

G.2.1.1 Capacity and location of these tanks shall be in acc. to the rules.

G.2.1.2 The suction connections of lubricating oil pumps are to be located as far as possible from drain pipes.

G.2.1.3 Gravity tanks are to be fitted with an overflow pipe which leads to the circulating tank. Ar-rangements are to be made for observing the flow of excess oil in the overflow pipe.

G.2.2 Filling and suction lines

G.2.2.1 Filling and suction lines of lubricating oil tanks with a capacity of 500 l and more located above the lower floor and from which in case of their damage lubricating oil may leak, are to be fitted directly on the tanks with remote operated shut-off devices.

The remote operation of shut-off valves may be dispensed with: • for valves which are kept closed during normal operation




• where an unintended operation of a quick closing valve would endanger the safe operation of the essential auxiliary machinery

G.2.2.2 Where lubricating oil lines shall be led in the vicinity of hot machinery, e.g. superheated steam turbines, steel pipes which should be in one length and which are protected where necessary are to be used.

G.2.2.3 For screening arrangements of lubricating oil pipes D applies as appropriate.

G.2.3 Filters

G.2.3.1 Lubricating oil filters are to be fitted in the delivery line of the lubricating oil pumps.

G.2.3.2 Mesh size and filter capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufac-turer of the engine.

G.2.3.3 Uninterrupted supply of filtered lubricating oil has to be ensured under cleaning conditions of the filter equipment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the auto-matic back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration.

G.2.3.4 Back-flushing intervals of automatic back flushing filters provided for intermittent back-flushing are to be monitored.

G.2.3.5 Main lubricating oil filters are to be fitted with differential pressure monitoring. On engines pro-vided for operation with gas oil only, differential pressure monitoring may be dispensed with.

G.2.3.6 Engines for the exclusive operation of emergency generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters.

G.2.3.7 For protection of the lubricating oil pumps simplex filters may be installed on the suction side of the pumps if they have a minimum mesh size of 100μ.

G.2.3.8 For the arrangement of filters, see Section 2, D.3

G.2.4 Lubricating oil coolers

It is recommended that turbine and large engine plants be provided with more than one oil cooler.

G.2.5 Oil level indicators

Machines with their own oil charge are to be provided with a means of determining the oil level from out-side during operation. This requirement also applies to reduction gears, thrust bearings and shaft bear-ings.

G.2.6 Purifiers

The requirements in F.8 apply as appropriate.

G.3 Lubricating oil pumps

G.3.1 Engines

G.3.1.1 Main and independent stand-by pumps are to be arranged.

Main pumps driven by the engines are to be so designed that the lubricating oil supply is ensured over the whole range of operation.

G.3.1.2 Where more than one diesel generator is available, stand-by pumps are not required. Where only one diesel generator is available (e.g. on turbine-driven units where the diesel generator is needed for start-up, etc.) a complete spare pump is to be carried on board.




H Air and Overflow Pipes

H.1 Arrangement

H.1.1 All tanks shall be fitted at their highest position with air pipes or overflow pipes.

Air pipes shall normally terminate at the open deck.

H.1.2 Air and overflow pipes shall be laid vertically.

H.1.3 Air and overflow pipes passing through operating areas shall be protected against damage.

H.1.4 Air pipes from unheated leakage oil tanks and lubricating oil tanks may terminate at clearly visible positions in the engine room. It shall be ensured that no leaking oil can spread onto heated sur-faces where it may ignite.

H.1.5 Air pipes from lubricating oil tanks and leakage oil tanks which terminate in the engine room are to be provided with funnels and pipes for safe drainage in the event of possible overflow.

H.1.6 On air pipes of lubricating and fuel oil tanks which terminate on open deck are to be arranged such that in the event of a broken air pipe this shall not directly lead to the risk of ingress rain water.

H.1.7 Wherever possible, the air pipes of feed water and distillate tanks should not extend into the open.

H.1.8 Where fuel service tanks are fitted with change-over overflow pipes, the change-over devices are to be so arranged that the overflow is led to one of the storage tanks.

H.1.9 The overflow pipes of changeable tanks shall be capable of being separated from the fuel overflow system.

H.1.10 The air and overflow pipes of lubricating oil and fuel tanks shall not be led to a common line.

H.1.11 For the cross-sectional area of air pipes and air/overflow pipes, see Table 9.2.

Table 9.2 Cross-sectional area of air and overflow pipes

Cross-sectional areas of air and overflow pipesTank filling systems

LR LÜR

by gravity 1/3 f per tank − filling mode

by pumping − 1.25 f per tank 1

Explanatory note:

LR : air pipe

LÜR : air-/overflow pipe

F : cross-sectional area of tank filling pipe

1 1.25 f as the total cross-sectional areas is sufficient if it can be proved that the resistance to flow of the air and overflow pipes including the air pipe closing devices at the proposed flow rate cannot cause unacceptable high pressures in the tanks in the event of overflow.

H.2 Number of air and overflow pipes

H.2.1 The number and arrangement of the air pipes is to be so performed that the tanks can be aer-ated and deaerated without exceeding the tank design pressure by over- or underpressure.




H.2.2 Air pipe heads

Air and overflow pipes terminating above the open deck are to be fitted with air pipe heads.

H.3 Overflow systems

H.3.1 The overflow collecting manifolds of fuel tanks are to be led at a sufficient gradient to an over-flow tank of sufficient capacity.

The overflow tank is to be fitted with a level alarm which operates when the tank is about 1/3 full.

H.3.2 The use of a fuel storage tank as overflow tank is permissible but requires the installation of a high level alarm and an air pipe with 1.25 times the cross-sectional area of the main bunkering line.

H.3.3 Determination of the pipe cross-sectional areas

Air and overflow pipes shall have an outside diameter of at least 60,3mm.

H.3.4 Minimum wall thickness

The minimum wall thickness of air and overflow pipes are to be in accordance with regulations.

H.3.5 The pipe materials are to be selected according to the regulations

I Sounding Pipes

I.1 General

I.1.1 Sounding pipes shall be provided for tanks.

I.1.2 Where the tanks are fitted with remote level indicators which are type-approved, the arrange-ment of sounding pipes can be dispensed with.

I.1.3 As far as possible, sounding pipes shall be laid straight and shall extend near to the bottom of the tank.

I.1.4 All sounding pipes shall be extended to the open deck. The sounding pipe openings must always be accessible and fitted with watertight closures.

I.1.5 Sounding pipes of tanks shall be provided close to the top of the tank with holes for equalizing the pressure.

I.1.6 Sounding pipes passing through operational holds are to be laid in protected spaces or they are to be protected against damage.

I.2 Sounding pipes for fuel and lubricating oil tanks

I.2.1 Sounding pipes which terminate below the open deck shall be provided with self-closing de-vices as well as with self-closing test valves.

I.2.2 Sounding pipes shall not be located in the vicinity of fired plants, machine components with high surface temperatures or electrical equipment.

I.2.3 Sounding pipes shall not terminate in accommodation or service spaces.

I.2.4 Sounding pipes shall not be used as filling pipes.




I.3 Cross section of pipes

I.3.1 Sounding pipes shall have a nominal inside diameter of at least 32 mm.

I.3.2 The nominal diameter of sounding pipes, which pass through refrigerated holds at temperatures below 0 °C, shall be increased to an inside diameter of 50 mm.

I.3.2 The minimum wall thicknesses of sounding pipes are to be in accordance with regulations.

I.3.3 The pipe materials are to be selected according to regulations.

J Exhaust Gas Lines J.1 Pipe layout

J.1.1 Exhaust gas pipes from engines shall be installed separately from each other with regard to structural fire protection in a separate funnel. The same applies to boiler exhaust gas pipes. Other de-signs are to be submitted for approval.

J.1.2 Account is to be taken of thermal expansion when laying out and supporting the lines.

J.2 Silencers

J.2.1 Engine exhaust pipes shall be fitted with effective silencers or other suitable means are to be provided.

J.2.2 Silencers shall be provided with an inspection opening.

J.3 Water drains

Exhaust lines and silencers shall be provided with suitable drains of adequate size.

J.4 Insulation

J.4.1 Exhaust gas lines, silencers and exhaust gas boilers shall be effectively insulated to prevent the ignition of combustible materials on their hot surfaces.

J.4.2 Insulating materials have to be incombustible.

J.4.3 Exhaust gas lines inside engine rooms shall be provided with metal sheathing or other ap-proved type of hard sheathing.

J.5 Precautions against sparks from boiler and engine exhaust gases

J.5.1 Funnels of combustion chambers where spark emission could occur shall be fitted with suit-able spark traps.

J.5.2 Exhaust gases from the engines shall be discharged to the atmosphere at a sufficient height. Exhaust lines shall be fitted with spark arrestors.

J.5.3 Spark arrestors shall be provided with ample space for the deposit of soot particles and with readily accessible openings for cleaning, fitted with easily opened gastight covers and drains.

J.5.4 For other technical design, construction and installation requirements not defined in this Sec-tion please refer to the regulations.




K Compressed Air Lines

K.1 General

K.1.1 Pressure lines connected to air compressors are to be fitted with non-return valves at the com-pressor outlet.

K.1.2 A water trap and an aftercooler have to be provided after the final stage of all compressors.

K.1.3 Starting air lines may not be used as filling lines for air receivers.

K.1.4 Only type-tested hose assemblies made of metallic materials may be used in starting air lines of diesel engines which are permanently kept under pressure.

K.1.5 The starting air line to each engine is to be fitted with a non-return valve and a drain.

K.1.6 A safety valve is to be fitted behind each pressure-reducing valve.

K.1.7 Pressure water tanks and other tanks connected to the compressed air system are to be con-sidered as pressure vessels and shall comply with the regulations.

K.1.8 The provisions for compressed air supply to pneumatically operated valves and quick-closing valves have to be agreed with GL.

K.1.9 Requirements for starting engines with compressed air, see Section 2.

K.2 Control air systems

K.2.1 Control air systems for essential consumers are to be provided with the necessary means of air treatment.

K.2.2 Pressure reducing valves in the control air system of engines are to be redundant.




Section 10 Ventilation System A General ..................................................................................................................... 10-1 B Documents to be Submitted...................................................................................... 10-1 C Definitions ................................................................................................................. 10-2 D General Requirements.............................................................................................. 10-3 E Requirements for Particular Spaces ......................................................................... 10-8

A General

A.1 Application

A.1.1 These Rules apply to units and platforms for unrestricted service.

For units and platforms within specified limits exemptions from the requirements of these Rules may be permitted.

A.1.2 Designs which deviate from these Rules may be approved provided that such designs have been examined by GL for suitability and have been recognized as equivalent.

A.1.3 National rules or regulations outside GL Rules remain unaffected.

A.2 International standards

For design and construction of ventilation systems the following international standards are recom-mended as guidance. The last edition of each standard should be applied. • ISO 7547, Shipbuilding – Air-conditioning and ventilation of accommodation spaces on board ships

– Design conditions and basis of calculations • ISO 8861, Shipbuilding – Engine room ventilation in diesel-engined ships – Design requirements

and basis of calculations • ISO 8862, Air-conditioning and ventilation of machinery control rooms on board ships – Design con-

ditions and basis of calculations • ISO 9943, Shipbuilding – Ventilation and airtreatment of galleys and pantries with cooking appli-

ances

B Documents to be Submitted The following drawings and documents are to be submitted, at least in for approval. GL reserve its right to ask for supplementary copies, if deemed necessary: • ventilation and air condition scheme • accommodation and service spaces • ventilation System engine room and machinery spaces • ventilation process systems • details of fire flaps and weather tight closures • details of duct penetrations • approval information (flexible ducts, fire dampers, duct penetrations) • principal electrical supply, control and monitoring


Section 10 Ventilation System


• emergency stops of fans

C Definitions For the purposes of these Regulations the following definitions shall apply:

C.1 Accommodation spaces

Spaces used for public spaces, corridors, lavatories, cabins, offices, hospitals, cinemas, games and hob-bies rooms, barber shops, pantries containing no cooking appliances and similar spaces.

C.2 Air ducts

Thin-walled piping or ducting (circular or rectangular) used exclusively to conduct air.

C.3 Air pipes

Parts of tank pressure-equalizing systems not dealt with in these Regulations, see GL Rules for Hull Structures (I-1-1), Section 21, E.

C.4 Air trunks

Parts of the hull which may either themselves be used to conduct air or which contain air ducts as well as other lines (pipes, cables).

C.5 Approved type

The term "Approved" relates to a material or construction, for which a Notified Body has issued an Ap-proval Certificate.

C.6 Control stations

Those spaces in which the units control equipment or the emergency source of power is located or where the fire recording or fire control equipment is centralized.

C.7 Free cross-sectional area

Means, even in the case of a pre-insulated duct, the area calculated on the basis of the inner diameter of the duct.

C.8 Machinery spaces

All machinery spaces of category A and all other spaces containing propulsion machinery, boilers, oil fuel units, steam and internal combustion engines, generators and major electrical machinery, oil filling sta-tions, refrigerating, stabilizing, ventilation and air-conditioning machinery, and similar spaces, and trunks to such spaces.

C.9 Machinery spaces of Category A

Those spaces and trunks to such spaces which contain: • internal combustion machinery where such machinery has in the aggregate a total power output of

not less than 375 kW • any oil-fired boiler or oil fuel unit

C.10 Mechanical ventilation systems

Systems through which air is passed by ventilators driven hydraulically, pneumatically or by electric mo-tors.

Mechanical ventilation may also be called power ventilation or forced ventilation.




C.11 Natural ventilation systems

Systems in which the air movement is caused solely by temperature differences, natural wind or head wind.

C.12 Non-combustible material

Is a material which neither burns nor gives off flammable vapours in sufficient quantity for self-ignition when heated to approximately 750 °C, this being determined in accordance with Fire Test Procedure Code.

C.13 Non-sparking fans

A fan is considered as non-sparking if in either normal or abnormal conditions it is unlikely to produce sparks.

C.14 Public spaces

Those portions of the accommodation which are used for halls, dining rooms, lounges and similar perma-nently enclosed spaces.

C.15 Service spaces

Those spaces used for galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, lockers, mail and specie rooms, store-rooms, workshops other than those forming part of the machinery spaces, and similar spaces and trunks to such spaces.

C.15.1 Platform deck

Is a deck which is completely exposed to the weather from above and from at least two sides.

D General Requirements

D.1 General arrangements

D.1.1 The ventilation systems for machinery spaces of Category A, galleys, special category spaces shall, in general, be separated from each other and from the ventilation systems serving other spaces.

D.1.2 Balance openings or ducts between two enclosed spaces are prohibited except for openings in or under "B" class doors. Such openings shall be provided only in the lower half of the door. Where such an opening is in or under a door, the total net area of any such opening or openings shall not ex-ceed 0.05 m2. Alternatively, a non-combustible air balance duct routed between the cabin and the corri-dor, and located below the sanitary unit, is permitted where the cross-sectional area of the duct does not exceed 0.05 m2. Ventilation openings, except those under the door, shall be fitted with a grill made of non-combustible material.

D.1.3 Where necessary, main intakes and outlets are to be fitted with gratings to prevent fouling and the entry of rats and other large vermin.

D.1.4 Where a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system is fitted, ventilation openings of these spaces shall be capable of being closed from outside the protected space. If the closures are not fitted directly at the external bulkhead the duct between bulkhead, and closing device shall be constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm and flange joints are to be sealed by non-combustible material.

D.1.5 Where individual rooms have separate arrangements for flooding with CO2, the ventilating system must also be separate. Provision is to be made to remove CO2, after flooding of these spaces.




D.1.6 Electrical machinery and installations (switch cabinets, etc.) are to be protected such that wa-ter particles penetrating into the air ducts will not cause disturbances. Risks of this kind are to be mini-mized by appropriate arrangement (water traps) of ducts and air in/outlets.

D.2 Fire closures/dampers

D.2.1 Fire closures at main inlets and outlets

D.2.1.1 The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems shall be fitted with fire closures of non-combustible material capable of being closed from outside the respective spaces in the event of a fire.

D.2.1.2 Fire closures at ventilation inlets and outlets located at outside boundaries need not be of ap-proved type.

D.2.1.3 Fire closures are to comply with the following requirements: • The thickness of steel fire closures, which are not of an approved type (in ducts and coamings), is

shown in the following Table 10.1. • If measures to increase the strength are taken, the thickness may be reduced with agreement of GL.

The construction of approved closures shall comply with the tested ones. • The means of control is to be capable of being locked in open and closed position. • When shut, the fire closures shall have close contact with a steel strip throughout their circumfer-

ence. All closures shall be easily accessible and capable of being operated easily and safely.

• Hinges and bearings of the fire closures are to be largely maintenance-free and easily accessible for inspections and repairs.

• The controls and the "open" and "closed” position of the fire closures are to be clearly and perma-nently marked.

• Power-driven controls and remote operated controls for fire closures must be provided with a sec-ond, independent power-operating system or manual control operable from a safe position outside the space to be protected or the closures are to be of fail safe type.

Table 10.1 Thickness of fire closure

Diameter of duct [mm] Cross-section of duct [mm] Min. thickness of fire closures [mm]

up to 200 up to 0.03 3

over 200 up to 400 over 0.03 up to 0.13 4



over 800 over 0.50 8

D.2.1.4 Fire closures of multi-blade design may be accepted provided they meet at least the following design criteria: • The fire closure shall consist of not more than 5 single plates, whereas the clear height of each plate

should be at least 20 % of the total clear height of the damper but not less than 200 mm. • Each damper plate should have an overlap of at least 5 % of its height. • A circumferential resting bar should be provided. • Each damper plate should have a thickness depending on its area as specified in Table 10.1. • The construction should be of robust design to avoid vibrations.

Prior to installation, drawings showing construction details of the multi blade fire closure have to be sub-mitted for approval. The construction is to be tested to the satisfaction of a GL Surveyor.




Special attention shall be paid to a regular service of the multi-blade fire closures.

D.2.1.5 Weather tight closures of a recognized standard are accepted as fire closures. In that case weathertight closures are to be permanently attached.

D.2.2 Fire dampers within the duct system

D.2.2.1 Approval

Fire dampers, including relevant means of operation, are to be of approved type 1.

D.2.2.2 Accessibility and indication

Fire dampers shall be easily accessible. Each damper shall be clearly marked by an identification number or letters. Where they are placed behind ceilings or linings, inspection doors shall be provided. These inspection doors shall be clearly marked with the relevant identification marks. The identification mark shall be placed also on any remote control. The status (open/closed) of each fire damper shall be clearly indicated at the damper and each remote control.

D.2.2.3 Type of means of manual closing of fire dampers

Manual closing may be achieved by mechanical means of release or by remote operation of the fire damper by means of a fail-safe electrical switch or pneumatic release (spring-loaded, etc.) on both sides of the division.

D.3 Ventilation ducts

D.3.1 Ventilation ducts shall be of steel or equivalent material. Short flexible ducts, however, not gener-ally exceeding 2 m in length and with a cross-section not exceeding 0.02 m2 need not be steel or equiva-lent material, subject to the following conditions:

D.3.1.1 These ducts shall be made of heat resisting non-combustible material, which may be faced internally and externally with membrances having low flame-spread characteristics and, in each case, a calorific value not exceeding 45 MJ/m2 of their surface area for the thickness used.

D.3.1.2 They may only be used at the end of the ventilation device.

D.3.1.3 They shall not be situated less than 600 mm, measured along the duct, from an opening in an "A" or "B" class division including continuous "B" class ceilings.

D.3.2 Flexible bellows of combustible material may be used for connecting fans to the ducting in air conditioning or fan rooms.

D.3.3 Ducts provided for the ventilation of machinery spaces of category A, galleys or special cate-gory spaces shall not pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations unless the ducts are either:

D.3.3.1 constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm and 5 mm for ducts the widths or di-ameters of which are up to and including 300 mm and 760 mm and over respectively and, in the case of such ducts, the widths or diameters of which are between 300 mm and 760 mm having a thickness to be obtained by interpolation,

D.3.3.2 suitably supported and stiffened,

D.3.3.3 fitted with automatic fire dampers close to the boundaries penetrated and

D.3.3.4 insulated to "A-60" standard from the machinery spaces, galleys or special category spaces to a point at least 5 m beyond each fire damper; or

––––––––––––––

1 Reference is made to the Fire Test Procedure Code, Annex 1, Part 3, adopted by IMO by Resolution MSC.307(88)




D.3.3.5 constructed of steel suitable supported and stiffened (see D.3.3.1) and insulated to "A-60" standard throughout the accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations.

D.3.4 Ducts provided for the ventilation to accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations shall not pass through machinery spaces of Category A, galleys or special category spaces unless either:

D.3.4.1 the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of Category A, galley or special cate-gory space are constructed of steel, suitable supported and stiffened (see D.3.3.1),

D.3.4.2 automatic fire dampers are fitted close to the boundaries penetrated and

D.3.4.3 the integrity of the machinery space, galley or special category space boundaries is main-tained at the penetrations or

D.3.4.4 The ducts where they pass through a machinery space of Category A, galley or special cate-gory space are constructed of steel, suitable supported and stiffened (see D.3.3.1) and

D.3.4.5 Such ducts are insulated to "A-60" standard within machinery space or galley.

D.3.5 Ducts are to be routed in such a way that neither machinery nor switchgear can be endan-gered by condensation or spray water. Where necessary, water traps, baffles and similar devices are to be fitted.

Effective water traps are to be provided with appositely directed baffle plates. The lowermost baffle of the water trap is to be provided with a drainage pipe.

D.3.6 Natural ventilating systems shall not employ a branched ducting system.

D.3.7 Duct penetrations

D.3.7.1 Duct penetrations through "A" class divisions shall be of an approved type 1. Where steel sleeves are directly joined to ventilation ducts by means of riveted or screwed flanges or by welding, the approval is not required.

D.3.7.2 Where a thin plated duct with a free cross-sectional area equal to, or less than, 0.02 m2 passes through "A" class bulkheads or decks, the opening shall be lined with a steel sheet sleeve having a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 200 mm, divided preferably into 100 mm on each side of the bulkhead or, in the case of the deck, wholly laid on the lower side of the decks pierced.

D.3.7.3 Where ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2 pass through "A" class bulkheads or decks, the opening shall be lined with a steel sheet sleeve. However, where such ducts are of steel construction and pass through a deck or bulkhead, the ducts and sleeves shall comply with the following:

D.3.7.4 The sleeves shall have a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 900 mm. When passing through bulkheads, this length shall be divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulk-head.

These ducts, or sleeves lining such ducts, shall be provided with fire insulation. The insulation shall have at least the same fire integrity as the bulkhead or deck through which the duct passes.

D.3.7.5 Ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075 m2 shall be fitted with fire dampers in addition to the requirements of D.5.7.4. The fire damper shall also be capable of being closed manually from both sides of the bulkhead or deck. The damper shall be provided with an indicator which shows whether the damper is open or closed. Fire dampers are not required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded by "A" class divisions, without serving those spaces, provided those ducts have the same fire integrity as the divisions which they pierce.

D.3.7.6 Ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2 passing through "B" class bulkheads shall be lined with steel sheet sleeves of 900 mm in length divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkheads unless the duct is of steel for this length.




D.3.8 Insulation of duct penetrations

The fire protection insulation of air ducts and sleeves is to be in accordance with the space group pairings indicated in tables, see GL Rules for Hull Structures (I-1-1), Section 22, Table 22.1 to 22.8.

The tables relating to the bulkhead are likewise applicable to ducts routed through decks.

A space pairing refers to the spaces separated by a bulkhead or deck, irrespective of any other spaces served by the duct in question.

D.4 Non-sparking fans

D.4.1 Ventilation duct in- and outlets are to be fitted with protective screens with a mesh size not exceeding 13 mm.

D.4.2 Overheating of the mechanical components of fans and the creation of sparks is to be avoided by appropriate design and by the choice of suitable materials.

The safety clearance between the fan housing and the impeller shall not be less than 1/10 of the inner impeller bearing diameter, limited to a minimum of 2 mm and is to be such as to preclude any contact between the housing and the rotor. The maximum clearance need not be more than 13 mm. The above requirement also applies to portable fans.

D.4.3 Following materials or combinations of materials for impeller/housing may be used: • non-metallic materials (plastic material having sufficient electric conductivity) with each other or with

steel (incl. galvanized, stainless). The electrical resistance of non-metallic materials must not exceed 106 Ohm unless special measures are taken to prevent electrostatic charges at the surface of the material.

• non-ferrous materials having good heat conductivity (bronze, brass, copper, not aluminium) with each other or with steel (incl. galvanized, stainless)

• steel (incl. galvanized, stainless) with each other if a ring of adequate size made of above non-metallic/non-ferrous material is fitted in way of the impeller, or if a safety clearance of 13 mm is pro-vided

• aluminium or magnesium alloys with each other or with steel (incl. galvanized, stainless) only, if a non-ferrous ring having a good heat conductivity, i.e. copper, brass, of adequate size is fitted in way of the impeller.

D.5 Additional fire safety arrangements

D.5.1 Stopping devices of ventilation

Forced ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible position outside the spaces being served.

This position shall not be readily cut off in the event of a fire in the spaces.

D.5.2 Means of control for machinery space ventilation arrangements

D.5.2.1 Means of control shall be provided for opening and closure of skylights, closure of openings in funnels which normally allow for exhaust air ventilation and closure of ventilator dampers.

D.5.2.2 Means of control shall be provided for stopping fans. Controls provided for the power ventila-tion serving machinery spaces shall be grouped so as to be operable from two positions, one of which shall be outside such spaces. The means provided for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery spaces shall be entirely separate from the means provided for stopping ventilation of other spaces.

D.5.2.3 Means of control shall be provided for stopping forced and induced draught boiler fans.

D.5.2.4 The controls required in D.5.2.1 to D.5.2.3 shall be located outside the space concerned so they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space they serve.

D.5.2.5 Concerning control of smoke spread for machinery spaces, see D.5.3.3.




D.5.2.6 Automatic stopping of ventilation fans when releasing the CO2-System is not permitted. Sepa-rate manual stopping of ventilation fans is to be carried out before releasing the CO2- System.

D.5.3 Control of smoke spread

D.5.3.1 Purpose

The purpose of this requirement is to control the spread of smoke in order to minimize the hazards from smoke. For this purpose, means for controlling smoke in control stations, machinery spaces and con-cealed spaces shall be provided.

D.5.3.2 Prevention of spread of smoke over several decks

Ventilation ducts serving more than one deck level shall be provided with readily accessible means of closure at each deck level.

D.5.3.3 Release of smoke from machinery spaces

D.5.3.3.1 The provisions of D.5.3.3.2 to D.5.3.3.4 shall apply to machinery spaces of category A, and where considered desirable to other machinery spaces.

D.5.3.3.2 Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke in the event of fire, from the space to be protected. The normal ventilation systems may be acceptable for this purpose, subject to the provisions in E.5.9.

D.5.3.3.3 Means of control shall be provided for permitting the release of smoke and such controls shall be located outside the space concerned so that they will not be cut off in the event of fire in the space they serve.

D.5.3.3.4 The controls shall be easily accessible as well as prominently and permanently marked and shall indicate whether the shutoff is open or closed.

E Requirements for Particular Spaces

E.1 Accommodation spaces

As far as applicable, national requirements should be observed concerning primary data of air condition system and air change rates.

E.2 Galleys

E.2.1 Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall be constructed of insulated "A" class divisions. Each exhaust duct shall be fitted with: • a grease trap readily removable for cleaning • a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct and, in addition, a fire damper in the upper end of

the duct • arrangements, operable from within the galley near exit, for shutting off the exhaust fan • fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.

E.3 Control stations

E.3.1.1 Such measures as are practicable shall be taken in respect of control stations outside ma-chinery spaces in order to ensure that ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained, so that in the event of fire the machinery and equipment contained therein may be supervised and continue to function effectively.

In case a control station is served by a common ventilation system, which serves also other spaces, ef-fective local closing arrangements shall be provided.




Effective local closing arrangements mean that the provided ventilation systems shall be fitted with fire dampers or smoke dampers which could be closed easily within the control station in order to maintain the absence of smoke in the event of fire.

E.3.2 Alternative and separate means of air supply shall be provided; air inlets of the two sources of supply shall be so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke simultaneously is minimized. Such requirements need not be applied to control stations situated on, and opening on to, an open deck and where local closing arrangements would be equally effective.

Alternative and separate means of air supply may be provided also by combination of a mechanical sup-ply duct and a natural exhaust duct or vice versa provided that the fan is reversible.

E.4 Paint stores and flammable liquid lockers

E.4.1 Paint stores and flammable liquid lockers are to be provided with ventilation arrangements which are separate from other ventilation systems.

E.4.2 The ventilation system shall be capable of effecting at least 10 changes of air per hour. The ducts are to be arranged such that both vapours lighter than air and vapours heavier than air can be re-moved.

E.4.3 Ventilation outlets or their duct openings shall lead to the open deck area.

E.4.4 The drives of mechanical ventilators shall be installed outside the rooms and air flow. Other-wise certified safe type drive motors with an explosion protection of at least IIB T3 are to be used.

E.4.5 The ventilator design shall comply with regulations.

E.5 Machinery space ventilation

E.5.1 The ventilation systems for machinery spaces shall be separate from the ventilation systems serving other spaces and shall be in general of the supply type.

Other modes of operation may be applied upon special approval.

E.5.2 Machinery spaces of category A shall be adequately ventilated appropriate for the purpose of that machinery space.

E.5.3 The positions of air inlets and air outlets are to be such as to prevent short-circuiting of air.

E.5.4 In general the unit machinery, equipment and appliances in machinery spaces are to be de-signed for continuous operation at maximum engine room air temperature as required by regulation.

E.5.5 For the determination of the ventilation capacity the heat radiation of the equipment in the space and the required combustion air are to be considered.

E.5.6 The capacity and arrangement of ventilation systems/ducts is to ensure that accumulation of oil vapour is avoided under normal conditions.

Note

The capacity requirements mentioned in E.5.5, E.5.6 and E.5.7 are in general deemed to be met by using the calculations as per ISO Standard 8861 in the latest version.

E.5.7 The number of ventilation inlets, ventilators and exhaust openings in funnels shall be kept to a minimum, consistent with the needs of ventilation and the proper and safe working of the unit.

E.5.8 Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke in the event of fire.

E.5.9 Further requirements for control of fans and fire closures are stipulated in D.

For application and design of fire closures see D.




E.5.10 Air ducts close to electrical switchboards must be so installed and fitted with drains, where necessary, that condensed water cannot enter the electrical installation.

E.6 Electrical machines

E.6.1 If external forced ventilation for electrical machines is fitted with air ducts leading to the upper deck, the motors driving these ventilators shall be provided with an emergency disconnecting switch out-side the engine room.

E.6.2 A failure of external forced ventilation shall cause an alarm.

E.6.3 Ventilation ducts shall comply with regulation D.3.3.1

E.7 CO2 and inert gas rooms

E.7.1 Cylinder rooms are to be provided with adequate ventilation.

E.7.2 Spaces where access from the open deck is not provided or which are located below the open deck are?

E.7.3 The exhaust duct is to be led to the bottom or top of the space in acc. to medium.

E.7.4 Other spaces are not to be connected to this ventilation system.

E.8 Refrigerating machinery rooms

E.8.1 Refrigerating machinery spaces shall be provided with a suitably arranged forced ventilation system in accordance to the regulations.

E.9 Spaces containing batteries

E.9.1 General requirements

All battery-installations, except for gastight batteries, in rooms, cabinets and containers shall be con-structed and ventilated in such a way as to prevent the accumulation of ignitable gas mixtures.

Gastight NiCd-, NiMH- or Li- batteries need not be ventilated.

E.9.2 Ventilation

Ventilation shall be in accordance to relevant regulations.

E.10 Emergency generator rooms

E.10.1 The ventilation system serving the emergency generator room has to ensure a sufficient sup-ply of combustion and cooling air for the equipment installed.

E.10.2 The ventilation openings need not be fitted with fire closures, unless a fixed gas fire fighting system for the emergency generator space is fitted.

E.10.3 If the emergency generator starts automatically it is to be ensured that the fire closures are open.

In case the fire closures do not open automatically, a warning plate is to be provided stating that they are to be kept open all the time.

E.11 Emergency fire pump room

The ventilation system of the space in which the emergency fire pump respectively the fire pump outside engine room is installed shall be so designed that smoke cannot enter the room in the event of a fire in the engine room.




E.12 Oxygen-acetylene storage rooms

E.12.1 Gas cylinder storage rooms are to be fitted with ventilation systems capable of providing at least six air changes per hour based on the gross volume of the room. The ventilation system is to be independent of ventilation systems of other spaces. The fans are to be of certified safe type IIC T2 and of the nonsparking construction.

E.12.2 It is to be observed that a room temperature of 40 °C will not be exceeded.

E.12.3 If gas cylinders are stored in cabinets, openings for natural ventilation are to be provided in the upper and the lower part.

E.13 Storage places of gas bottles for domestic purposes

The requirements as per E.12 apply.

E.14 Stairway

Stairway enclosures shall be ventilated by an independent fan and duct system which shall not serve any other spaces in the ventilation system.


