rule 132 evid cases

8/11/2019 Rule 132 Evid Cases

1/93

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, appellee,vs.ALMA BISDA y GAUPO and GENEROSA "JENN ROSE" BASILAN y PA AN, appellan!s.

PER URIAM#

Be$%&e !'(s %)&! %n a)!%*a!(+ &ev(e (s !'e De+(s(%n- %$ !'e Re (%nal T&(al %)&! /RT 0 %$ Ma&(1(na(!y2 B&an+' 343, +%nv(+!(n appellan!s Al*a B(sda and Gene&%sa "Jenny R%se" Bas(lan, %$ 1(dnapp(n

$%& &ans%*2 sen!en+(n ea+' %$ !'e* !% !'e e5!&e*e penal!y %$ dea!' 6y le!'al (n7e+!(%n, and %&de&(n!'e* !% (nde*n($y !'e pa&en!s %$ !'e v(+!(* An ela M(+'elle S%&(an% !'e a*%)n! %$ P-88,888 as *%&alda*a es, and !% pay !'e +%s!s %$ !'e s)(!.

T'e ase

In an A*ended In$%&*a!(%n d%+1e!ed as &(*(nal ase N%. 9:;3, !'e appellan!s e&e +'a& ed(!' !'e $el%ny %$ 1(dnapp(n $%& &ans%* +%**(!!ed a s $%ll% s#

T'a! %n %& a6%)! !'e ?&d %$ Sep!e*6e& -99:, (n !'e (!y %$ Ma&(1(na, P'(l(pp(nes, and (!'(n !'e 7)&(sd(+!(%n %$ !'(s H%n%&a6le %)&!, !'e a6%ve;na*ed a++)sed, +%nsp(&(n , +%n$ede&a!(n and 'elp(n%ne an%!'e&, d(d !'e&e and !'en (ll$)lly, )nla $)lly, $el%n(%)sly and 1n% (n ly 1(dnap, de!a(n anddep&(ve ANGELA MI HELLE SORIANO y SAN JUAN %$ 'e& l(6e&!y $%& s(5 /a!'leen Den(se and An ela M(+'elle. T'ey &en!ed a '%)se a! N%. %l. D(v(n% S!., %n+ep+(%n,Ma&(1(na. T'e(& landlady '% l(ved nea&6y 'ad a !elep'%ne (!' n)*6e& 9=3;=9;-:. D)&(n !'e s+'%%lyea& -994;-99:, !'en $(ve;yea&;%ld An ela as (n P&ep a! !'e M%!'e& %$ D(v(ne P&%v(den+e S+'%%l (nMa&(1(na He( '!s, Ma&(1(na (!y. T'e +%)ple e*pl%yed Lea and endy Sal(n a!% as !'e yayas %$ !'e(&+'(ld&en. An ela *e! appellan! Jenny R%se Bas(lan 'en !'e la!!e& v(s(!ed 'e& n(e+e endy (n !'eS%&(an% &es(den+e. Jenny R%se as, !')s, n% s!&an e& !% An ela.

A6%)! --#88 a.*. %n Sep!e*6e& ?, -99:, An elaCs +lasses 'ad 7)s! ended and s'e as %n 'e& ay !% 'e&s+'%%l 6)s '(+' as pa&1ed %)!s(de !'e s+'%%l +a*p)s nea& !'e e5(! a!e. S'e as (n 'e& s+'%%l)n($%&* and %&e 6la+1 s'%es. Un1n% n !% An ela, appellan!s Al*a and Jenny R%se e&e %)!s(de %$ !'es+'%%l a!e a(!(n $%& 'e&. 'en !'ey sa An ela, Al*a and Jenny R%se p&%+eeded !% !'e a!e ands'% ed a v(s(!%&Cs a!e pass !% !'e se+)&(!y )a&d. T'ey app&%a+'ed !'e y%)n (&l, and !%ld 'e& !'a! 'e&

pa&en!s e&e a(!(n $%& 'e& a! !'e J%ll(6ee Res!a)&an!. An ela (n(!(ally &e$)sed !% % (!' !'e ! %%*en, 6)! 6e+a)se Al*a 'eld %n !% 'e& 'and s% !( '!ly and p%1ed a 1n($e a! 'e&, An ela 'ad n% + '%(+e

6)! !% % (!' !'e*. T'ey &%de a !&(+y+le and en! !% !'e J%ll(6ee Res!a)&an! 'e&e Jenny R%se %&de&ed

spa 'e!!( $%& An ela. 'en An ela d(d n%! see 'e& pa&en!s, s'e %nde&ed 'y s'e en! (!' Jenny R%seand Al*a (n !'e $(&s! pla+e. (!' An ela (n !% , Al*a and Jenny R%se 6%a&ded a '(!e !a5( and en! !% a"d(&!y '%)se" 'e&e !'ey +'an ed An elaCs +l%!'es. T'e (&l as *ade !% ea& 6l%)se and s'%&!s, yell%!;s'(&! and a pa(& %$ pan!(es.< Al*a and Jenny R%se !%%1 'e& ea&&(n s. T'ey $ed 'e& (!' !'e spa 'e!!(!'ey ea&l(e& 6%) '! a! !'e &es!a)&an!. Al*a !'en le$!, leav(n An ela and Jenny R%se (n !'e '%)se.

Jenny R%se sen! An ela !% sleep, and a$!e& a '(le, Al*a &e!)&ned. 'en An ela %1e )p, Al*a andJenny R%se se&ved 'e& *e&(enda and all% ed 'e& !% a!+' !elev(s(%n. Hen+e$%&!', An ela as 1ep! (n !'e

'%)se. A! %ne !(*e, Al*a and Jenny R%se !(ed )p An elaCs 'ands and $ee!, and pla+ed s+%!+' !ape %n 'e&*%)!'. An ela as s%*e!(*es le$! al%ne (n !'e '%)se 6)! !'e d%%& as 1ep! l%+1ed. T% pass !'e !(*e,An ela a!+'ed !elev(s(%n and *ade d&a (n s. Jenny R%se and Al*a d(d n%! $a(l !% $eed and 6a!'eAn ela. An ela d(d n%! +all 'e& pa&en!s !'&%) ' !'e !elep'%ne n)*6e& %$ !'e(& landlady.

In !'e *ean!(*e, 'en (ll(a* a&&(ved '%*e s'%&!ly 6e$%&e n%%n %n !'a! day, Lea and endy !%ld '(*!'a! An ela 'ad n%! ye! a&&(ved '%*e $&%* s+'%%l. He &)s'ed !% !'e s+'%%l !% $e!+' An ela, 6)! as(n$%&*ed 6y !'e s+'%%l se+)&(!y )a&d !'a! '(s da) '!e& 'ad al&eady 6een p(+1ed )p 6y ! % %*en, %ne%$ '%* as &e (s!e&ed (n !'e v(s(!%&Cs sl(p as A(leen %&p) . Be+a)se 'e d(d n%! 1n% any%ne 6y !'a!na*e, (ll(a* (**ed(a!ely p&%+eeded !% !'e &e (s!&a&Cs %$$(+e !% ve&($y !'e (n$%&*a!(%n, %nly !% $(nd %!'a! "A(leen %&p) " 'ad ea&l(e& (n )(&ed a! !'e sa(d %$$(+e a6%)! !'e p%ss(6(l(!y %$ !&ans$e&&(n An ela !an%!'e& s+'%%l. T'e s+'%%l s!a$$ pan(+1ed 'en (ll(a* de*anded !% 1n% '% )n1n% n pe&s%ns e&ea6le !% e! '(s da) '!e&. He !'en s!a&!ed +all(n '(s $&(ends and &ela!(ves !% 'elp '(* l%+a!e An ela. Heals% s%) '! !'e 'elp %$ R( a H%n!(ve&%s, a T pe&s%nal(!y '% p&%*(sed !% &elay '(s plea !% !'eP&es(den!(al An!(;O& an( ed &(*e Tas1 F%&+e /PAO TF0. T'e s+'%%l s!a$$ als% &ep%&!ed !'e (n+(den! !%!'e Ma&(1(na P%l(+e F%&+e '(+' d(spa!+'ed a !ea* %$ (nves!( a!%&s !% !'e S%&(an% &es(den+e.4

'en app&(sed %$ !'e (n+(den!, !'e PAO TF %& an( ed a !ea* 'eaded 6y !'en '(e$ Inspe+!%& R(+a&d%Dandan (!' SPO= T(!% T)an an , SPO- 'a&les La&&% a and +(v(l(an a en! Ge%& e T%&&en!e, as*e*6e&s, !% +%nd)+! s)&ve(llan+e %pe&a!(%ns and !% &e+%ve& !'e v(+!(* and a&&es! !'e +)lp&(!s. T'e !ea*

p&%+eeded !% !'e S%&(an% &es(den+e and !% An elaCs s+'%%l !% +%nd)+! an (n(!(al (nves!( a!(%n.

A! a6%)!


2/93

Ge%& e %$ '(s +%nve&sa!(%n (!' !'e +alle&. Ge%& e &elayed !'e (n$%&*a!(%n 6y *eans %$ a 'and;'eld&ad(% !% !'e %!'e& PAO TF %pe&a!(ves s!and(n 6y.--

On Sep!e*6e& 4, -99:, a! a6%)! --#3 a.*., Ma&y*ae &e+e(ved a !elep'%ne +all $&%* a %*ande*and(n $%& &ans%* *%ney. T'e +alle& +alled ! % *%&e !(*es, a! 4#88 p.*. and a! 9#3< p.*. Ma&y*ae

pleaded (!' !'e +alle& !% &ed)+e !'e &ans%* *%ney !% P3 ,888, %& ($ !'a! as n%! p%ss(6le, !% an a*%)n!n%! e5+eed(n P 8,888. T'e +alle& sa(d, "H(nd( 1% *asasa %! (yan. Dadal'(n na lan na*(n an 6a!a sa

6%ss na*(n." Ma&y*ae &elayed !'e +%nve&sa!(%n !% (ll(a*, !'e(& %!'e& da) '!e& >a!'leen and !%

Ge%& e.-3

A! a6%)! n%%n !'a! day, PAO TF '(e$ %$ Ope&a!(%ns S)pe&(n!enden! M(+'ael Ray A )(n% &e+e(ved a+all $&%* an an%ny*%)s s%)&+e (n$%&*(n '(* !'a! a %*an '% 'ad !al1ed a6%)! a &ans%* and 'ada+!ed (n a s)sp(+(%)s *anne& as sp%!!ed a! !'e MS F&e( '! Se&v(+e %$$(+e l%+a!ed a! N%. -?8? PaS!&ee!, Pa+%, Man(la. A+!(n %n !'e (n$%&*a!(%n, R(+a&d%, 'a&les, T(!% and %!'e& PAO TF %pe&a!(vess %%ped d% n %n !'e pla+e and sa a %*an, '% !)&ned %)! !% 6e Al*a B(sda, e*e& (n $&%* a s*all'%)se a! N%. -3 : Pa S!&ee!, s%*e $($!y *e!e&s %& s% a ay $&%* !'e sa(d %$$(+e. S'e 'ad 7)s! 6%) '!$%%d $&%* an ad7a+en! s!%&e a! N%. -3=< Pa S!&ee!, Pa+%, Man(la. S)&ve(llan+e %pe&a!(%ns e&e!'e&ea$!e& +%nd)+!ed.

A! a6%)! ?#=8 p.*. %n Se p!e*6e& :, -99:, Ge%& e and 'a&les e&e a! !'e S%&(an% &es(den+e. R(+a&d%and T(!% e&e (n !'e pe&(p'e&y %$ Al*aCs '%)se, *%n(!%&(n 'e& 'e&ea6%)!s and *%ve*en!s. Al*aa a(n le$! 'e& '%)se and a$!e& l%+1(n !'e d%%&, en! !% !'e s*all s!%&e nea&6y. S'e l($!ed !'e !elep'%neand +alled s%*e%ne. T'e !elep'%ne (n !'e S%&(an% &es(den+e &an . 'en (ll(a* l($!ed !'e &e+e(ve&, 'e'ea&d a v%(+e s(*(la& !% !'a! %$ !'e %*an '% 'ad +alled '(* !'e $(&s! !(*e. T'e +alle& as as1(n

'e&e !'e *%ney as. (ll(a* !%ld 'e& !'a! !'e P3 ,888 as &eady, !% '(+' s'e &epl(ed, "H(nd( 1%*asasa %! (yan, dadal'(n na lan na*(n an 6a!a sa a1(n 6%ss." (ll(a* !%ld !'e +alle& !'a! 'e as

(ll(n !% (ve P 8,888 6)! pleaded !'a! 'e 6e (ven a*ple !(*e !% p&%d)+e !'e *%ney. T'e %*an&e(!e&a!ed# "H(nd( 1% *asasa %! (yan."-?

R(+a&d% and T(!% 'ea&d !'e s%)nd %$ a +a& '%&n 6l% (n '(le Al*a as )s(n !'e !elep'%ne. T(!% +alled)p 'a&les and (n )(&ed 'e!'e& 'e / 'a&les0 'ea&d !'e sa*e s%)nd '(le (ll(a* as !al1(n !% !'e+alle&. A$!e& (ll(a* ')n )p !'e !elep'%ne, 'e !%ld Ge%& e !'a! 'e +%)ld 'ea& !'e '%&n %$ a +a& 6l% (n(n !'e 6a+1 &%)nd. Ge%& e !'en +alled )p R(+a&d% 6y p'%ne and &elayed !'e (n$%&*a!(%n. 'en Ge%& e(n )(&ed ($ R(+a&d% 'ea&d !'e s%)nd %$ !'e '%&n %$ a + a& '(le Al*a as !al1(n %ve& !'e !e lep'%ne,R(+a&d% &epl(ed (n !'e a$$(&*a!(ve. T'e PAO TF %pe&a!(ves +%n+l)ded !'a! Al*a as !'e 1(dnappe&.

A$!e& *a1(n !'e +all, Al*a ')n )p !'e !elep'%ne and &e!)&ned !% 'e& '%)se. T'e PAO TF %pe&a!(ves$%ll% ed. 'en Al*a )nl%+1ed !'e d%%& !% !'e '%)se, !'e %pe&a!(ves a++%s!ed 'e&. S'e !&(ed !% es+ape, !%n% ava(l. T(!% 'ea&d !'e +&y %$ a +'(ld +%*(n $&%* (ns(de !'e '%)se, plead(n $%& 'elp# "T(!a (la6as *%a1% "-= He &)s'ed !% !'e '%)se and sa !'e v(+!(* An ela. He !'en +a&&(ed 'e& %)!s(de !% sa$e!y. T'ea en!s sea&+'ed !'e '%)se $%& ev(den+e and $%)nd a pa(& %$ 6la+1 s'%es, a pa(& %$ pan!(es, a yell% s'(&!,a se! %$ 6l%)se and s'%&!s (!' &ed, yell% and '(!e s!&(pes. T'e ev(den+e as pla+ed (n a plas!(+ 6a .-T'e v(+!(* and !'e s)spe+!s e&e !'e&ea$!e& 6&%) '! !% !'e PAO TF %$$(+e $%& p&%pe& d%+)*en!a!(%n.

'en (n$%&*ed !'a! '(s da) '!e& 'ad al&eady 6een &es+)ed, (ll(a* &)s'ed !% !'e PAO TF'ead )a&!e&s 'e&e 'e and An ela e&e &e)n(!ed. An ela (den!($(ed Al*a as 'e& 1(dnappe&. 'en

(ll(a* as1ed Al*a 'y s'e 1(dnapped An ela and 'a! s'e %)ld d% (!' !'e %ne;*(ll(%n;pes%&ans%* s'e as de*and(n , s'e &epl(ed# ">)ya, a 1an *a ')s a, pa&e'% lan !ay%n 6(1!(*a."

'en (ll(a* as1ed Al*a# "B(1!(*a, saan " Al*a &epl(ed# "An ana1 1%, 1(n(dnap d(n n(la."-n($e, y%)& H%n%&.

P&%s. J)n(%#

I! as +%ve&ed %n +&%ss.

%)&!#

O67e+!(%n den(ed. Ove&&)led. (!ness *ay ans e&.

(!ness#

One n( '!.9-

T'e&e as, !')s, n% (n+%ns(s!en+y (n An elaCs !es!(*%ny %n !'(s p%(n!.

An elaCs 'ands e&e !(ed, and 'e& *%)!' as +%ve&ed (!' s+%!+' !ape !'e day a$!e& s'e as 6&%) '! !%

!'e d(&!y '%)se. An ela !es!($(ed %n d(&e+! e 5a*(na!(%n, !')s#P&%s. J)n(%#

O1ay, 'e&e d(d y%) %

(!ness#

T% !'e d(&!y '%)se.

P&%s. J)n(%#

'% as (!' y%) %& '% e&e (!' y%) a! !'a! !(*e

(!ness#

Al*a Besda /s(+0 and Jenny R%se, *aCa*.

P&%s. J)n(%#

'e&e (s !'(s d(&!y '%)se l%+a!ed

(!ness#

I d% n%! 1n% , *aCa*.

P&%s. J)n(%#

Up%n a&&(v(n a! !'a! d(&!y '%)se, 'a! d(d y%) d%

(!ness#

T'ey +'an ed *y +l%!'es %n+e.

P&%s. J)n(%#

D% y%) &e*e*6e& !'e +%l%& %$ !'e d&ess

(!ness#

N%, *aCa*.

P&%s. J)n(%#

A$!e& !'ey +'an ed y%)& d&ess %& y%)& +l%!'es, 'a! 'appened ne5! 'a! d(d !'ey d% !% y%)

(!ness#

T'ey $ed *e, *aCa*.

P&%s. J)n(%#

A$!e& !'ey $ed y%), 'a! d(d y%) d%

(!ness#

T'ey send /s(+0 *e !% sleep.

P&%s. J)n(%#

'en y%) %1e )p, 'a! d(d !'ey d% !% y%)

(!ness#

T'ey $ed *e /p(na*(&yenda0 /s(+0

9


10/93


11/93

es, *aC*.

A!!y. La&&a+as#

S% y%)& 'ands e&e n%! !(ed

(!ness#

N%, *aCa*.

A!!y. La&&a+as#

%) +an *%ve a l%n $&eely a! !'a! !(*e

(!ness#

es, *aCa*.

A!!y. La&&a+as#

%) +an al1

(!ness#

es, *aCa*.

A!!y. La&&a+as#

%) +an d&(n1

(!ness#

es, *aCa*.

A!!y. La&&a+as#

O$ +%)&se, y%) +ann%! al1 ($ y%)& $ee! e&e !(ed and +ann%! d&(n1 ($ y%)& *%)!' as sealed

(!ness#

es, *aCa*

A!!y. La&&a+as#

'en !'e p%l(+e a&&(ved, 'a! e&e y%) d%(n

(!ness#

I +&(ed, *aCa*.9?

I! (s n%! )(!e + lea& 'e!'e& !'e +%)nsel $%& !'e appellan!s e&e as1(n a6%)! An elaCs a+!(v(!(es d)&(n'e& de!en!(%n, %& d)&(n 'e& &es+)e. Ta1(n (n!% a++%)n! An elaCs ans e&s, (! (s ev(den! !'a! 'e& 'ands

e&e !(ed and 'e& *%)!' +%ve&ed (!' s+%!+' !ape !'e day a$!e& s'e as 1(dnapped, 6)! !'a! s'e as $&ee!% &%a* a&%)nd !'e &%%*, p&a+!(+e %n 'e& d&a (n s and a!+' !elev(s(%n d)&(n !'e &es! %$ !'e pe&(%d %'e& de!en!(%n.

PROPER PENALTIES

T'e appellan!s ave& !'a! !'e p&%se+)!(%n $a(led !% p&%ve !'a! (n 1(dnapp(n and (lle ally de!a(n(n !'ev(+!(*, !'ey (n!ended !% de*and &ans%* $&%* 'e& pa&en!s. (ll(a* S%&(an%, !'e v(+!(*Cs $a!'e&, $a(led !%

p&%ve !'a! !'e appellan!s %& any %$ !'e* +alled !'&%) ' !'e !elep'%ne de*and(n &ans%*. T'e +%lle+!(ve!es!(*%n(es %$ p%l(+e %pe&a!(ves T(!% T)an an , R(+a&d% Dandan and Ge%& e T%&&en!e e&e 'ea&sayev(den+e2 'en+e, 6a&&en %$ p&%6a!(ve e( '!. T'e !&(al +%)&! l(1e (se $a(led !% !a1e (n!% a++%)n! !'ev%l)n!a&y s)&&ende& %$ appellan! Bas(lan.

T'e O$$(+e %$ !'e S%l(+(!%& Gene&al, $%& (!s pa&!, p%s(!s !'e v(e !'a! !'e p&%se+)!(%n *)s!e&ed !'e&e )(s(!e )an!)* %$ ev(den+e !% p&%ve !'a! !'e appellan!s and n% %!'e& de*anded &ans%* $&%* !'e

pa&en!s %$ !'e v(+!(*.

T'e appellan!sC +%n!en!(%n d%es n%! '%ld a!e&. Ad*(!!edly, !'e p&%se+)!(%n $a(led !% add)+e d(&e+!ev(den+e !'a! !'e appellan!s de*anded &ans%* $%& !'e &elease %$ !'e v(+!(*. H% eve&, !'e p&%se+)!(%nadd)+ed +(&+)*s!an!(al ev(den+e !% p&%ve 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6! !'a! !'e appellan!s, %& a! leas! %ne %$!'e*, de*anded &ans%* $&%* !'e S%&(an% sp%)ses $%& !'e &elease %$ !'e(& da) '!e&.

T% a&&an! !'e (*p%s(!(%n %$ !'e dea!' penal!y $%& !'e +&(*e %$ 1(dnapp(n and se&(%)s (lle al de!en!(%n$%& &ans%*, !'e p&%se+)!(%n *)s! p&%ve 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6!# /a0 (n!en! %n !'e pa&! %$ !'e a++)sed !dep&(ve !'e v(+!(* %$ '(s l(6e&!y2 /60 a+!)al dep&(va!(%n %$ !'e v(+!(* %$ '(s l(6e&!y2 and /+0 *%!(ve %$ !'ea++)sed, '(+' (s &ans%* $%& !'e v(+!(* %& %!'e& pe&s%n $%& !'e &elease %$ !'e v(+!(*. T'e p)&p%se %$ !'e%$$ende& (n e5!%&!(n &ans%* (s a )al($y(n +(&+)*s!an+e '(+' *ay 6e p&%ved 6y '(s %&ds and %ve&!a+!s 6e$%&e, d)&(n and a$!e& !'e 1(dnapp(n and de!en!(%n %$ !'e v(+!(*.9= Ne(!'e& a+!)al de*and $%&n%& a+!)al pay*en! %$ &ans%* (s ne+essa&y $%& !'e +&(*e !% 6e +%**(!!ed.9 Rans%* as e*pl%yed (n !'ela (s s% )sed (n (!s +%**%n %& %&d(na&y sense2 *ean(n , a s)* %$ *%ney %& %!'e& !'(n %$ val)e, p&(+e,%& +%ns(de&a!(%n pa(d %& de*anded $%& &ede*p!(%n %$ a 1(dnapped %& de!a(ned pe&s%n, a pay*en! !'a!&eleases $&%* +ap!(v(!y.9< I! *ay (n+l)de 6ene$(!s n%! ne+essa&(ly pe+)n(a&y '(+' *ay a++&)e !% !'e1(dnappe& as a +%nd(!(%n $%& !'e &elease %$ !'e v(+!(*.94

(&+)*s!an!(al ev(den+e (s s)$$(+(en! !% p&%ve !'e )al($y(n +(&+)*s!an+e ($ /a0 !'e&e (s *%&e !'an %ne+(&+)*s!an+e2 /60 !'e $a+!s $&%* '(+' !'e (n$e&en+es a&e p&%ven2 /+0 !'e +%*6(na!(%n %$ all !'e+(&+)*s!an+es (s s)+' as !% p&%d)+e a +%nv(+!(%n 6ey%nd a &eas%na6le d%)6!. T'e +(&+)*s!an+es p&%veds'%)ld +%ns!(!)!e an )n6&%1en +'a(n '(+' leads !% %ne $a(& and &eas%na6le +%n+l)s(%n p%(n!(n !% !'e

11


12/93

a++)sed !% !'e e5+l)s(%n %$ %!'e&s as !'e %ne '% de*anded &ans%*. T'e +(&+)*s!an+es p&%ved *)s! 6e+%ns(s!en! (!' ea+' %!'e&, +%ns(s!en! (!' !'e 'yp%!'es(s !'a! !'e a++)sed (s )(l!y, and !'a! a! !'e sa*e!(*e (n+%ns(s!en! (!' any %!'e& 'yp%!'es(s e5+ep! !'a! %$ )(l!y.9: T'e p&%se+)!(%n *)s! &ely %n !'es!&en !' %$ (!s ev(den+e and n%! %n !'e ea1ness %$ !'a! %$ !'e appellan!s.99

In !'(s +ase, !'e +'a(n %$ +(&+)*s!an!(al ev(den+e add)+ed 6y !'e p&%se+)!(%n p&%ves !'a! n% %ne %!'e&!'an !'e appellan!s %& %ne %$ !'e* +alled )p !'e sp%)ses S%&(an% !'&%) ' !'e !elep'%ne and de*anded&ans%* %$ P ,888,888#

-. Appellan! Bas(lan (s !'e n(e+e %$ endy Sal(n a!% , '% as $%& a !(*e !'e '%)se*a(d %$appellan! B(sda2

3. T'e appellan!s 1(dnapped An ela s'%&!ly 6e$%&e n%%n %n Sep!e*6e& ?, -99:, and de!a(ned 'e&a! N%. -3 : Pa S!&ee!, Pa+%, Man(la, 'e&e appellan! B(sda 'eld %$$(+e2

?. T'e $%ll% (n *%&n(n , (ll(a* as (n$%&*ed 6y '(s landlady !'a! a %*an 'ad ea&l(e& +alled)p %ve& !'e !elep'%ne &e )es!(n 'e& !% (n$%&* (ll(a* !'a! s'e /!'e +alle&0, %)ld +all a a(n !'e ne5!day, Sep!e*6e& , -99:2

=. On Sep!e*6e& , -99:, (ll(a* &e+e(ved a !elep'%ne +all $&%* a %*an de*and(n a &ans%*%$ P ,888,888 $%& An elaCs $&eed%*. 'en (ll(a* +%*pla(ned !'a! 'e d(d n%! 'ave !'e a*%)n!, s'e!%ld (ll(a* !'a! s'e +ann%! 6e &esp%ns(6le $%& (! and !'a! s'e %)ld (n )(&e $&%* 'e& 6%sses. (ll(a*Cs!es!(*%ny &eads#

P&%s. J)n(%#

And 'a! d(d s'e !ell y%)

(!ness#

S'e !%ld *e >UNG GUSTO MO PANG MA>ITA I ONG ANA> MO, MAGHANDA >A NG FI EMILLION PESOS.

P&%s. J)n(%#

'a! d(d y%) !%ld /s(+0 'e& ($ any

(!ness#

SAAN A>O >U>UHA NG FI E MILLION PESOS ALAM MO NAMAN NA NA>ATIRA LANG

A>O SA APARTMENT.

P&%s. J)n(%#

'a! d(d s'e say

(!ness#

S'e ans e&ed, HINDI >O MASASAGOT AN.

P&%s. J)n(%#

D(d s'e !ell y%) 'y s'e +%)ld n%! &esp%nd !% y%)

(!ness#

S'e +%n!(n)ed !% say "TATANUNGIN >O NA LANG SA A>ING MGA BOSS."-88

. In !'e *%&n(n %$ Sep!e*6e& 4, -99:, Inspe+!%& R(+a&d% Dandan and SPO= T(!% T)an an ,a+!(n %n an an%ny*%)s !(p, &)s'ed !% !'e v(+(n(!y %$ N%. -?8? Pa S!&ee!, Pa+%, Man(la, !'e %$$(+e %$ !'eMS F&e( '! Se&v(+e, !% +%nd)+! s)&ve(llan+e %pe&a!(%ns. La!e& (n !'e a$!e&n%%n, !'ey sa appellan!B(sda e*e& (n $&%* a s*all '%)se a 6%)! $($!y *e!e&s $&%* !'e %$$(+e %$ !'e MS F&e( '! Se&v(+e2


13/93

P&%s. J)n(%#

And 'a! d(d s'e !ell y%)

(!ness#

And s'e !%ld *e 'e&e (s !'e *%ney.

P&%s. J)n(%#

And 'a! d(d y%) !ell 'e&

(!ness#

And I als% !%ld 'e& ($ (!s %1ey (!' y%), *y ! en!y;$(ve (s &eady.

P&%s. J)n(%#

T'en 'a! d(d s'e say

(!ness#

S'e sa(d "HINDI >O MASASAGOT I AN, DADALIN NA LANG NAMIN ANG BATA SA A>INGBOSS."

P&%s. J)n(%#

'a! 'appened ne5! a$!e& !'a!

(!ness#

I %)ld l(1e !% plead !'a! I (ll *a1e (! $($!y !'%)sand, 7)s! (ve *e a*ple !(*e.

P&%s. J)n(%#

H% d(d s'e &ea+! !% y%)& s) es!(%n

(!ness#

"HINDI >O MASASAGOT I AN." T'en s'e 'an ed /s(+0 !'e p'%ne.-8-:. A$!e& *a1(n !'e !elep'%ne +all, appellan! B(sda le$! !'e s!%&e and &e!)&ned !% !'e '%)se a! N%.-3 : Pa S!&ee!, Pa+%, Man(la2

9. T'e %pe&a!(ves $&%* !'e PAO TF $%ll% ed appellan! B(sda and +%n$&%n!ed 'e& 6e$%&e s'e+%)ld en!e& !'e '%)se. T'e %pe&a!(ves !'en 6a& ed (n!% !'e p&e*(ses %$ N%. -3 : Pa S!&ee! 'e&e !'eysa An ela (n !'e &%%*2

-8. 'en (ll(a* a&&(ved a! !'e PAO TF %$$(+e, (!' An ela !'a! day, 'e (n )(&ed $&%* appellan!B(sda 'y s'e 1(dnapped An ela and 'a! s'e %)ld d% (!' !'e P ,888,888 &ans%* s'e asde*and(n , and !'e appellan! &epl(ed# ">)ya, a /s(+0 1an nan *a ')s a, pa&e'% lan !ay%n

6(1!(*a." 'en (ll(a* as1ed Al*a# "B(1!(*a, saan " T'e appellan! &epl(ed# "An ana1 1%, 1(n(dnapd(n n(la."

In l( '! %$ !'e $%&e %(n $a+!s, !'e&e +an 6e n% %!'e& +%n+l)s(%n !'an !'a! appellan! B(sda de*anded a&ans%* %$ P ,888,888 $&%* (ll(a* S%&(an%2 'en+e, s'e (s GUILT %$ 1(dnapp(n $%& &ans%*. Be(n a+%nsp(&a!%&, appellan! Bas(lan (s als% )(l!y %$ !'e sa(d +&(*e. T'e penal!y $%& 1(dnapp(n $%& &ans%* (sdea!', a s(n le and (nd(v(s(6le penal!y. T'e a &ava!(n +(&+)*s!an+e %$ )se %$ a *%!%& ve'(+le )nde&A&!(+le -=, pa&a &ap' 38 %$ !'e Rev(sed Penal %de as a!!endan! (n !'e +%**(ss(%n %$ !'e +&(*e.-83H% eve&, sa(d +(&+)*s!an+e, as ell as !'e v%l)n!a&y s)&&ende& %$ appellan! Bas(lan, a&e (n+%nse )en!(al(n !'e penal!(es !% 6e (*p%sed %n !'e sa(d appellan!s, +%n$%&*a6ly !% A&!(+le


14/93

T'&ee J)s!(+es %$ !'e %)&! *a(n!a(n !'e(& p%s(!(%n !'a! Rep. A+! N%. 4< 9 (s )n+%ns!(!)!(%nal (ns%$a& as(! p&es+&(6es !'e dea!' penal!y2 neve&!'eless, !'ey s)6*(! !% !'e &)l(n %$ !'e *a7%&(!y !'a! !'e la (s+%ns!(!)!(%nal, and !'a! !'e dea!' penal!y +an 6e la $)lly (*p%sed (n !'e +ase a! 6a&.

In a++%&dan+e (!' Se+!(%n 3 %$ Rep. A+! N%. 4< 9 a*end(n Se+!(%n :? %$ !'e Rev(sed Penal %de, le!!'e &e+%&ds %$ !'(s +ase 6e $%&!' (!' $%& a&ded, )p%n $(nal(!y %$ !'(s De+(s(%n, !% !'e O$$(+e %$ !'eP&es(den! $%& p%ss(6le e5e&+(se %$ !'e pa&d%n(n p% e&. %s!s a a(ns! !'e appellan!s.

SO ORDERED.

14


15/93

THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, pla(n!($$;appellee,

vs.

RODEN IO NAR A GAGARIN, BENJAMIN NAR A GAGARIN, RODELIO NAR A GAGARIN, and JAIME BALDELAMAR SELMO, de$endan!s;appellan!s.

FRAN IS O, J.#

F%& !'e dea!' %$ Ma)&% Re l%s, J&. /'e&e(na$!e& v(+!(*0, de$endan!s;appellan!s R%den+(% "R)dy",Ben7a*(n, R% el(% all s)&na*ed Na&+a a nd !'e(& 6&%!'e&;(n;la Ja(*e Ben7a*(n Baldela*a& e&e+'a& ed - (!' !'e $%ll% (n (n$%&*a!(%n $%& *)&de

T'a! %n %& a6%)! !'e -8!' day %$ Ma&+', -998, 6e! een 4#88 and :#88 (n !'e even(n , a! 6a&an ayav(!e, *)n(+(pal(!y %$ G)(*6a, p&%v(n+e %$ N)eva E+(7a, Rep)6l(+ %$ !'e P'(l(pp(nes, and (!'(n !'e

7)&(sd(+!(%n %$ !'(s H%n%&a6le %)&!, !'e a6%ve;na*ed a++)sed, (!' (n!en! !% 1(ll, (!' !&ea+'e&y andev(den! p&e*ed(!a!(%n, 6y +%nsp(&(n , +%n$ede&a!(n and 'elp(n %ne an%!'e&, and !a1(n advan!a e %$!'e da&1ness %$ !'e n( '!, d(d !'en and !'e&e, (ll$)lly, )nla $)lly and $el%n(%)sly a!!a+1, assa)l! and'a+1 (!' 6%l%s %ne MAURO REGLOS, JR., (n$l(+!(n )p%n sa(d v(+!(* $a!al 'a+1 %)nds !'a! +a)sed'(s (ns!an!ane%)s dea!'. 3

'en appellan!sC $a(led (n !'e(& *%!(%n !% )as' !'e a6%ve (n$%&*a!(%n, !'ey $(led a *%!(%n $%& 6a(l. ?D)&(n !'e 6a(l 'ea&(n s %n Sep!e*6e& -9, -998, !'e v(+!(*Cs ($e El( a6e!' Re l%s, '% as (!' '(*%n !'a! $a!e$)l n( '!, !es!($(ed %n d(&e+! e5a*(na!(%n. De$ense +%)nsel &e )es!ed !'e +%)&! !'a! '(s +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n %$ El( a6e!' 6e +%nd)+!ed %n !'e ne5! 'ea&(n , O+!%6e& =, -998. = S)+' +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n%n sa(d da!e neve& !%%1 pla+e 6e+a)se El( a6e!' and 'e& s%n e&e 6l)d e%ned !% dea!' %n Sep!e*6e& 3:,-998. A$!e& 'ea&(n , !'e l% e& +%)&! den(ed 6a(l. < D)&(n a&&a( n*en!, appellan!s pleaded "n%!

)(l!y". 4 T&(al ens)ed and !'e l% e& +%)&! !'e&ea$!e& &ende&ed 7)d *en! : +%nv(+!(n appellan!s, !'ed(sp%s(!(ve p%&!(%n %$ '(+' &eads#

HEREFORE, p&e*(ses +%ns(de&ed, 7)d *en! (s 'e&e6y &ende&ed, $(nd(n !'e a++)sed Ben7a*(n Na&+ay Ga a&(n, R%den+(% "R)dy" Na&+a y Ga a&(n, R% el(% Na&+a y Ga a&(n and Ja(*e "Ben7a*(n"Baldela*a& y Sel*%, )(l!y 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6! %$ !'e +&(*e %$ M)&de&, de$(ned and penal( ed)nde& A&!(+le 3=: %$ !'e Rev(sed Penal %de, and 'e&e6y sen!en+es EA H %$ !'e* !% s)$$e& !'e penal!y%$ LIFE IMPRISONMENT.

T'e sa(d a++)sed a&e l(1e (se %&de&ed !% pay, 7%(n!ly and seve&ally, !'e 'e(&s %$ !'e de+eased Ma)&%Re l%s, J&., !'e s)* %$ P 8,888.88 as (nde*n($(+a!(%n $ee, !'e s)* %$ P39,888.88 as a+!)al da*a es ande5penses, (!'%)! s)6s(d(a&y (*p&(s%n*en! (n +ase %$ (ns%lven+y, and !% pay !'e +%s!s.

IT IS SO ORDERED. 9

T'e $a+!s (ven +&eden+e 6y !'e !&(al +%)&! a&e as $%ll% s# -8

. . . /O0n Ma&+' -8, -998, 6e! een 4#88 !% :#88 %C+l%+1 (n !'e even(n , a$!e& sp%)ses Ma)&% Re l%s, J&.and El( a6e!' Re l%s 'ave 7)s! +%*e $&%* !'e '%)se %$ !'e $a!'e& %$ Ma)&% Re l%s, J&. a! Ba&an ay

av(!e Pl)*, G)(*6a, N)eva E+(7a, '% as !'en s(+1, and %n !'e(& ay '%*e !% S!a . Ana, G)(*6a, N)eva E+(7a, a++)sed Ben7a*(n Na&+a s)ddenly 'a+1ed Ma)&% Re l%s, J&. a! !'e 6a+1 p%&!(%n %$ '(s'ead (!' a l%n 6%l% 1n% n as "pana6as". 'en Ma)&% as a6%)! !% $all a! '(s 6a+1, Ja(*eBaldela*a&, R% el(% Na&+a and R%den+(% "R)dy" Na&+a s)ddenly appea&ed, and !'ey !%%1 !)&ns (n'a+1(n Ma)&% (!' 6%l%s. 'en Ma)&% as 6e(n 'a+1ed, '(s ($e El( a6e!' s+&ea*ed $%& 'elp, andA&!)&% Re l%s and Dan!e Re l%s &esp%nded and a&&(ved a ! !'e s+ene %$ !'e (n+(den!. T'ey sa Ben7a*(n,R%den+(% "R)dy" and R% el(%, all s)&na*ed Na&+a, and Ja(*e Baldela*a&, all a&*ed (!' 6%l%s,

)a&d(n !'e(& 6&%!'e& Ma)&% Re l%s, J&. '% as ly(n $a+e d% n a&d, s%a1ed (!' 6l%%d, 6)! s!(llal(ve. A&!)&% Re l%s and Dan!e Re l%s and El( a6e!' Re l%s +ann%! app&%a+' Ma)&% Re l%s, J&. 6e+a)se!'ey e&e !'&ea!ened 6y !'e Na&+a 6&%!'e&s and Ja(*e Baldela*a&. T % *(n)!es a$!e& A&!)&% and Dan!eRe l%s a&&(ved, all !'e a++)sed le$!, 6)! a++)sed R% el(% Na&+a &e!)&ned and 'a+1ed Ma)&% Re l%s %n+e*%&e a! '(s 6a+1.

On appeal !% !'(s +%)&!, appellan!s 6y ay %$ de$ense /-0 assa(l !'e val(d(!y %$ !'e p&el(*(na&y(nves!( a!(%n 6e+a)se !'ey e&e n%! &ep&esen!ed !'e&e(n 6y +%)nsel and as !'e&e$%&e dep&(ved %$ d)e

p&%+ess, /30 a& )e !'a! !'e !es!(*%ny %$ El( a6e!' Re l%s (n !'e 6a(l 'ea&(n s s'%)ld n%! 6e (ven+&eden+e s(n+e s'e as n%! +&%ss;e5a*(ned, and /?0 +la(* !'a! pend(n !'(s appeal, appellan! Ben7a*(ne5e+)!ed an a$$(dav(! ass)*(n $)ll and s%le &esp%ns(6(l(!y $%& !'e v(+!(*Cs dea!' 6)! n%ne!'eless (nv%1essel$;de$ense '(le !'e %!'e& appellan!s (n !'e(& &espe+!(ve a$$(dav(!s s!a!e !'a! !'ey e&e n%! (n !'e s+ene%$ !'e +&(*e. --

All !'ese de$enses *)s! $a(l.

On !'e $(&s! de$ense, !'e&e (s n%!'(n (n !'e R)les '(+' &ende&s (nval(d a p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n 'eld(!'%)! de$endan!Cs +%)nsel. N%! 6e(n a pa&! %$ !'e d)e p&%+ess +la)se -3 6)! a &( '! *e&ely +&ea!ed 6y

la , p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n ($ 'eld (!'(n !'e s!a!)!%&y l(*(!a!(%ns +ann%! 6e v%(ded. Appellan!Csa& )*en!, ($ s)s!a(ned, %)ld *a1e a *%+1e&y %$ +&(*(nal p&%+ed)&e, s(n+e all !'a! a pa&!y 'as !% d% !%!' a&! !'e val(d(!y %$ !'e p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n (s $%& !'e(& +%)nsel n%! !% a!!end !'e (nves!( a!(%n. I!*)s! 6e e*p'as( ed !'a! !'e p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n (s n%! !'e ven)e $%& !'e $)ll e5e&+(se %$ !'e &( '!s%$ !'e pa&!(es. T'(s (s 'y p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n (s n%! +%ns(de&ed as a pa&! %$ !&(al 6)! *e&ely

p&epa&a!%&y !'e&e!% -? and !'a! !'e &e+%&ds !'e&e(n s'all n%! $%&* pa&! %$ !'e &e+%&ds %$ !'e +ase (n +%-= Pa&!(es *ay s)6*(! a$$(dav(!s 6)! 'ave n% &( '! !% e5a*(ne (!nesses !'%) ' !'ey +an p&%p%)nd

)es!(%ns !'&%) ' !'e (nves!( a!(n %$$(+e&. - In $a+!, a p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n *ay even 6e+%nd)+!ed e5;pa&!e (n +e&!a(n +ases. -< M%&e%ve&, (n Se+!(%n - %$ R)le --3, !'e p)&p%se %$ a p&el(*(na&y(nves!( a!(%n (s %nly !% de!e&*(ne a ell &%)nded 6el(e$ ($ a +&(*e as "p&%6a6ly" +%**(!!ed 6y ana++)sed. -4 In any +ase, !'e (nval(d(!y %& a6sen+e %$ a p&el(*(na&y (nves!( a!(%n d%es n%! a$$e+! !'e

7)&(sd(+!(%n %$ !'e +%)&! '(+' *ay 'ave !a1en +% n( an+e %$ !'e (n$%&*a!(%n n%& (*pa(& !'e val(d(!y %$!'e (n$%&*a!(%n %& %!'e& (se &ende& (! de$e+!(ve. -:

On !'e(& se+%nd de$ense, (! (s !% 6e n%!ed !'a! !'e de$enseCs $a(l)&e !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne El( a6e!' Re l%sas %++as(%ned 6y 'e& s)pe&ven(n dea!'. La+1 %$ +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n d)e !% !'e dea!' %$ !'e (!ness

d%es n%! ne+essa&(ly &ende& !'e de+e asedCs p&ev(%)s !es!(*%ny e5p)n (6le. T')s, !'(s %)&! (n Rep)6l(+v. Sand( an6ayan, -9 +(!(n F)l ad% v. A. 38 sa(d !'a!#

15


16/93

T'e '%lesale e5+l)s(%n %$ !es!(*%n(es as !%% (n$le5(6le a s%l)!(%n !% !'e p&%+ed)&al (*passe 6e+a)se(! p&e7)d(+ed !'e pa&!y '%se %nly $a)l! as !% d(e 6e$%&e 'e +%)ld 6e +&%ss;e5a*(ned. T'e p&)den!al!e&na!(ve s'%)ld 'ave 6een !% ad*(! !'e d(&e+! e5a*(na!(%n s% $a& as !'e l%ss %$ +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n+%)ld 'ave 6een s'% n !% 6e n%! (n !'a! (ns!an+e a *a!e&(al l%ss. And *%&e +%*pell(n s% (n !'e (ns!an!+ase 'e&e (! 'as 6e+%*e ev(den! !'a! !'e adve&se pa&!y as a$$%&ded a &eas%na6le +'an+e $%& +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n 6)! !'&%) ' '(s % n $a)l! $a(led !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne !'e (!ness.

'e&e dea!' p&even!s +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n )nde& s)+' +(&+)*s!an+es !'a! n% &esp%ns(6(l(!y %$ any s%&! +an 6e as+&(6ed !% !'e pla(n!($$ %& !'e (!ness, (! see*s a 'a&s' *eas)&e !% s!&(1e %)! all !'a! 'as %6!a(ned (n!'e d(&e+! e5a*(na!(%n. /E*p'as(s s)ppl(ed0

Bes(des, *e&e %pp%&!)n(!y and n%! a+!)al +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n (s !'e essen+e %$ !'e &( '! !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne.3- Appellan!s l%s! s)+' %pp%&!)n(!y 'en !'ey s%) '! !'e de$e&*en! %$ !'e(& +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n %$El( a6e!', and !'ey %nly 'ave !'e*selves !% 6la*e (n $%&eve& l%s(n !'a! &( '! 6y &eas%n %$ El( a6e!'Csde*(se. T'(s %)&! '%ld !'a! !'e &( '! !% +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n (s a pe&s%nal %ne '(+' *ay 6e a(vede5p&essly %& (*pl(edly 6y +%nd)+! a*%)n!(n !% a &en)n+(a!(%n %$ !'e &( '! %$ +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n. T')s,

'e&e a pa&!y 'as 'ad !'e %pp%&!)n(!y !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne a (!ness 6)! $a(led !% ava(l '(*sel$ %$ (!, 'ene+essa&(ly $%&$e(!s !'e &( '! !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne and !'e !es!(*%ny (ven %n d(&e+! e5a*(na!(%n %$ !'e

(!ness (ll 6e &e+e(ved %& all% ed !% &e*a(n (n !'e &e+%&d. . . . / 0a(ve& %$ !'e &( '! !% +&%ss;e5a*(ne*ay !a1e va&(%)s $%&*s. B)! !'e +%**%n 6as(+ p&(n+(ple )nde&ly(n !'e appl(+a!(%n %$ !'e &)le %n(*pl(ed a(ve& (s !'a! !'e pa&!y as (ven !'e %pp%&!)n(!y !% +%n$&%n! and +&%ss;e5a*(ne an %pp%s(n

(!ness 6)! $a(led !% $a1e advan!a e %$ ($ $%& &eas%ns a!!&(6)!a6le !% '(*sel$ al%ne. 33 /E*p'as(ss)ppl(ed0

e als% $(nd )n*e&(!%&(%)s appellan!sC a& )*en! !'a! El( a6e!'Cs !es!(*%ny, 'av(n 6een !a1en d)&(n !'e 6a(l 'ea&(n s, +ann%! 6e )sed a a(ns! !'e*. Se+!(%n -/$0 %$ R)le -- p&%v(des !'a! "e(!'e& pa&!y *ay)!(l( e as pa&! %$ (!s ev(den+e !'e !es!(*%ny %$ a (!ness '% (s de+eased . . . (ven (n an%!'e& +ase %&

p&%+eed(n ", and )nde& Se+!(%n : R)le --= 3? as a*ended 6y (&+)la& -3;9= 3=, "ev(den+e p&esen!edd)&(n !'e 6a(l 'ea&(n s," l(1e !'e !es!(*%ny %$ de+eased (!ness El( a6e!', a&e "+%ns(de&eda)!%*a!(+ally &ep&%d)+ed a! !'e !&(al" s)67e+! %nly !% !'e p%ss(6le &e+all %$ !'e " (!ness $%& add(!(%nale5a*(na!(%n )nless !'e (!ness (s dead %)!s(de !'e P'(l(pp(nes %& %!'e& (se )na6le !% !es!($y."

On !'e(& !'(&d de$ense, appellan! Ben7a*(n ad*(!s !'a! 'e 1(lled !'e v(+!(* 6)! %nly (n sel$;de$ense and!'a! '(s +%;appellan!s, '% a&e (nv%1(n al(6(, 'ad n%!'(n !% d% (!' !'e +&(*e.

One '% +la(*s sel$;de$ense *)s! p&%ve# /a0 )nla $)l a &ess(%n, /60 &eas%na6le ne+ess(!y %$ !'e *eanse*pl%yed !% p&even! %& &epel (! and /+0 la+1 %$ s)$$(+(en! p&%v%+a!(%n %n !'e pa&! %$ !'e pe&s%n de$end(n'(*sel$. 3 In !'e +ase a! 6en+', !'e $%&e*%s! ele*en! %$ )nla $)l a &ess(%n (s a6sen!. Unla $)la &ess(%n p&es)pp%ses an a+!)al %& (**(nen! dan e& %n !'e l($e %& l(*6 %$ a pe&s%n. Me&e s'%)!(n ,(n!(*(da!(n %& !'&ea!en(n a!!(!)de %$ !'e v(+!(*, ass)*(n !'a! !% 6e !&)e, d%es n%! +%ns!(!)!e )nla $)la &ess(%n. 3< I$ !'e&e 6e any s)+' a &ess(%n, (! %6v(%)sly +a*e $&%* a ppellan!s. Ev(den+e %n &e+%&ds'% s !'a! !'e v(+!(* as %nly al1(n (!' '(s ($e, 'en 'e as s)ddenly and (!'%)! a&n(na!!a+1ed 6y appellan!s (!' "pana6as" and 6%l%s. He as '(! a! !'e 6a+1 %$ '(s 'ead +'%pp(n %$$ a pa&!%$ '(s s1)ll e5p%s(n '(s 6&a(n. 34 'e&e !'e a!!a+1 (s pe&pe!&a!ed s)ddenly and (!'%)! a&n(n , !'e&e (s

!&ea+'e&y. 3: D)e !% appellan!sC !&ea+'e&%)s a+!s, !'e %)!n)*6e&ed v(+!(* as +a) '! 6y s)&p&(se and'ad n% '(*pe& %$ a + 'an+e !% de$end '(*sel$. 39 T'(s sa!(s$(es !'e ! % +%nd(!(%ns %$ !&ea+'e&y#

/a0 e*pl%y*en! %$ *eans %$ e5e+)!(%n !'a! (ves !'e pe&s%n a!!a+1ed n% %pp%&!)n(!y !% de$end'(*sel$ %& !% &e!al(a!e, and

/60 !'a! sa(d *eans %$ e5e+)!(%n 6e del(6e&a!ely and +%ns+(%)sly ad%p!ed. ?8

On+e !'e $a+! %$ alev%s(a as es!a6l(s'ed and p&%ven, any +la(* %$ sel$ de$ense +ann%! p&%spe& $%& 6e(n

(n+%ns(s!en! (!' !&ea+'e&y.

In add(!(%n, !'e l%+a!(%n and seve&(!y %$ !'e $a!al %)nds %n !'e 'ead e5p%s(n !'e 6&a(n ?- and !'en)*e&%)s %!'e& %)nds s)$$e&ed 6y !'e v(+!(* 6el(e !'e +la(* %$ sel$;de$ense 6)! (s (nd(+a!(ve %$ ade!e&*(ned e$$%&! !% 1(ll. ?3 A6sen! )nla $)l a &ess(%n, !'e&e %)ld 6e n% %++as(%n $%& !'e se+%nd and!'(&d ele*en!s !% 6e p&esen!. T')s, appellan! Ben7a*(n $a(led !% d(s+'a& e '(s 6)&den %$ p&%v(n 6y +lea& and +%nv(n+(n ev(den+e !'e e5+)lpa!%&y +a)se 'e (nv%1es. ?? He *)s! &ely %n !'e s!&en !' %$ '(s % nev(den+e and n%! %n !'e ea1ness %$ !'a! $%& !'e p&%se+)!(%n, $%& even ($ !'e la!!e&Cs ev(den+e (s ea1, (!+%)ld n%! 6e d(s6el(eved a$!e& 'e '(*sel$ ad*(!!ed !'e 1(ll(n . ?= A++%&d(n ly, '(s +%nv(+!(%n (ll $%ll%$&%* '(s ad*(ss(%n as a)!'%& %$ !'e +&(*e as ell as '(s $a(l)&e !% p&%ve sel$ de$ense 6y !'e &e )(&ed

)an!)* %$ ev(den+e. ?

(!' &espe+! !% !'e de$ense %$ al(6( 6y !'e %!'e& appellan!s s)+' de$ense, as(de $&%* 6e(n (n'e&en!lyea1 and easy !% $a6&(+a!e, +&)*6les (n !'e $a+e %$ !'e(& p%s(!(ve (den!($(+a!(%n ?< 6y p&%se+)!(%n(!nesses as 6e(n p&esen! (n !'e s+ene %$ !'e +&(*e as ell as !'e v(+!(*Cs dy(n de+la&a!(%n p%(n!(n !%

appellan!s as '(s assa(lan!s.

Appellan!s R% el(% and R%den+(%Cs +%n!en!(%n !'a! !'ey e&e (&&( a!(n !'e(& $a&* )p !% !'e la!e '%)& %9#88 P.M. %n !'a! $a!al n( '! (s )n6el(eva6le s(n+e $a&* %&1e&s d% n%! )s)ally %&1 )p !% !'a! la!e'%)&s. T'ey 'ad n%! s!&(+!ly +%*pl(ed (!' !'e &e )(&e*en!s %$ !(*e and pla+e (n !'e(& al(6( 6y $a(l(n !%s'% !'a! !'ey e&e s%*e 'e&e else 'en !'e +&(*e %++)&&ed and !'a! (! as p'ys(+ally (*p%ss(6le $%&!'e* !% 6e a! !'e s+ene a! !'e +%ve&ed !(*e. ?4 %&!' n%!(n (s !'a! !'e d(s!an+e %$ !'e '%)ses %$ allappellan!s !% !'e +&(*e s+ene &an es $&%* as nea& as ? *e!e&s !% as $a& as -, 88 *e!e&s, and !'e(& $(eld (sa6%)! :88 *e!e&s a ay %& a *e&e - *(n)!e al1 !'e&e$&%*. ?: Al!'%) ' n%ne a*%n !'e p&%se+)!(%n

(!nesses p&esen!ed (n !'e !&(al p&%pe& sa !'e a+!)al assa)l! 6y appellan!s %n !'e v(+!(*, ye! %ne (!ness/A&!)&% Re l%s0 !es!($(ed !'a! appellan! R% el(% a$!e& leav(n !'e s+ene &e!)&ned !'e&e!% and 'a+1ed !'ev(+!(* %n '(s 6a+1 %ne *%&e !(*e. ?9 Appellan! Ja(*eCs den(al %$ '(s pa&!(+(pa!(%n (n !'e 1(ll(n +ann%!s!and a a(ns! '(s p%s(!(ve (den!($(+a!(%n (n !'e s+ene '%ld(n a "pana6as" !% e!'e& (!' %!'e& appellan!s.T'e den(al l(1e al(6( (s ea1ened 6y !'e %ve& 'el*(n ev(den+e %n &e+%&d s)pp%&!(n a 7)d *en! %$+%nv(+!(%n.

T'e +(&+)*s!an!(al ev(den+e %n &e+%&d als% p%(n!s !% appellan!sC )(l!. P)&s)an! !% Se+!(%n ? %$ R)le -??+%nv(+!(%n *ay 6e 'ad %n +(&+)*s!an!(al ev(den+e +%ns(de&(n !'a! !'e &e )(s(!es !'e&e%$ e&e sa!(s$(ed'e&e(n, !% (!#

!'e&e (s *%&e !'an %ne +(&+)*s!an+e

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17/93

!'e $a+!s $&%* '(+' !'e (n$e&en+e a&e de&(ved a&e p&%ven2 and

!'e +%*6(na!(%n %$ all !'e +(&+)*s!an+es (s s)+' as !% p&%d)+e a +%nv(+!(%n 6ey%nd &eas%na6led%)6!. =8

T'e $%ll% (n )nd(sp)!ed $a+!s 'en +%*6(ned p&%d)+e a l% (+al +%n+l)s(%n p%(n!(n !% appellan!sC+)lpa6(l(!y# /a0 !'e(& p&esen+e (n !'e s+ene %$ !'e +&(*e a! a6%)!


18/93


19/93

G.R. N%. -=


20/93

!(*e 'e s!(ll +%)ld n%! (nse&! '(s pen(s (n!% Ma&(l%)Cs va (na, 'e appl(ed +%+%n)! %(l !% l)6&(+a!e '(s and'(s da) '!e&Cs se5)al %& ans. He as $(nally a 6le !% pene!&a!e 'e&. On+e (ns(de 'e&, appellan! *ade p)s'and p)ll *%ve*en!s )n!(l 'e as !'&%) ' (!' 'e&. Appellan! !'&ea!ened !% 1(ll 'e& ($ s'e %)ld !ellany6%dy a6%)! !'e se5)al en+%)n!e&. T'e y%)n (&lCs *%!'e&, Adela Fa6&e, a&&(ved '%*e a6%)! $(ve%C+l%+1 !'a! a$!e&n%%n 6)!, &e*e*6e&(n 'e& $a!'e&Cs !'&ea!s, s'e 1ep! *)* a6%)! 'e& %&deal.

T'e +&ed(6(l(!y %$ Ma&(l%) %)ld n%! 6e all !'a! d($$(+)l! !% d(s+e&n $&%* 'e& na&&a!(%n !'a!, as s%des+&(6ed 6y !'e p&%se+)!(%n, " as $)ll %$ &ap'(+ de!a(ls '(+' a y%)n p&%v(n+(al (&l +%)ld n%!

p%ss(6ly 'ave +%n+%+!ed and '(+' +%)ld %nly 'ave +%*e $&%* s%*e%ne '% *)s! 'ave pe&s%nally

e5pe&(en+ed a 6&)!al &ape assa)l!." S'e !es!($(ed#

"PROS. ENRI UE #

" N% , M(ss Ma&(l%), +an y%) &e+all 'e&e e&e y%) %n Ap&(l 3


21/93

" And d(d 'e )se any!'(n !% $a+(l(!a!e !'e (nse&!(%n %$ '(s pen(s !% y%)& va (na

"A es, s(&.

" 'a! as !'a!

"A He )sed +%+%n)! %(l (n '(s pen(s and als% (n *y va (na s% !'a! '(s pen(s +an eas(ly (nse&! *yva (na, s(&.

" N% , '(le '(s pen(s as (n y%)& va (na, +an y%) !ell !'(s H%n%&a6le %)&! ($ 'e d(d any!'(nals% %n !%p %$ y%) and '(le '(s pen(s as (ns(de y%)& va (na

"A N%ne, s(&.

" D(d 'e *a1e any *%ve*en!

"A es, s(&.

" 'a! as !'a! *%ve*en!

"A He *ade a p)s' and p)ll *%ve*en! %n *y 6%dy, s(&.

" N% , '(le y%)& $a!'e& as d%(n (! !% y%) 'e&e as y%)& *%!'e& !'a! !(*e

"A S'e as (n P)&%1 =, Mana!, T&en!%, A )san del S)&, s(&.

" And d(d y%) &ep%&! !'(s (n+(den! !% y%)& *%!'e&

"A N%! ye! s(& 6e+a)se 'e !%ld *e n%! !% !ell any6%dy.

" S% 'en d(d y%) 'ad a +'an+e !% !ell y%)& *%!'e& a6%)! !'(s (n+(den!

"A On May -, -99 , s(&.

" And 'a! d(d y%)& *%!'e& d% a$!e& y%) &ep%&!ed !% 'e& !'(s (n+(den!

"A S'e &ep%&!ed !'e *a!!e& !% !'e >a a ad, s(&."9

I! 'as 6een s!&essed )(!e %$!en en%) ' !'a! !'e !es!(*%ny %$ a &ape v(+!(*, '% (s y%)n and s!(ll(**a!)&e, dese&ves $a(!' and +&eden+e-8 $%& (! s(*ply %)ld 6e )nna!)&al $%& a y%)n and (nn%+en! (&l!% (nven! a s!%&y %$ de$l%&a!(%n, all% an e5a*(na!(%n %$ 'e& p&(va!e pa&!s and !'e&ea$!e& s)67e+! 'e&sel$and 'e& $a*(ly !% !'e !&a)*a %$ a p)6l(+ !&(al )nless s'e (ndeed 'as sp%1en !'e !&)!'.-- M%s! espe+(ally, ada) '!e& %)ld n%! a++)se 'e& % n $a!'e& %$ s)+' a se&(%)s %$$ense %& all% 'e&sel$ !% 6e pe&ve&!ed ($

s'e e&e n%! !&)ly *%!(va!ed 6y a des(&e !% see1 a 7)s! &e!&(6)!(%n $%& a v(%la!(%n 6&a enly +%**(!!eda a(ns! 'e&.-3

%n$(&*(n Ma&(l%)Cs s!%&y as !'e *ed(+al &ep%&! and !es!(*%ny %$ D&. Re(ne&(% Jalal%n, !'e%ve&n*en! p'ys(+(an s!a!(%ned a! !'e B)na an D(s!&(+! H%sp(!al (n A )san del S)&, '% e5a*(ned

Ma&(l%). D&. Jalal%n *ade !'ese $(nd(n s2 v( #

"A6&as(%n a! /L0 la6(a *(n%&a a! ?#88 %C+l%+1 p%s(!(%n.

" a (nal s*ea& /;0 ne a!(ve $%& spe&*a!% %a."-?

T'e d%+!%& +%n+l)ded !'a! (! as p%ss(6le !'a! en(!al pene!&a!(%n %n !'e v(+!(* d(d %++)& and !'a! a pen(s +%)ld 'ave +a)sed !'e a6&as(%n %n !'e v(+!(*Cs la6(a *(n%&a.

T'e&e (s *e&(!, '% eve&, (n !'e plea %$ !'e de$ense, se+%nded 6y !'e p&%se+)!(%n, !'a! !'e penal!y %$dea!' (*p%sed 6y !'e !&(al +%)&! s'%)ld 6e &ed)+ed !% !'e penal!y %$ &e+l)s(%n pe&pe!)a. A&!(+le ?? %$!'e Rev(sed Penal %de, as a*ended 6y Se+!(%n -- %$ Rep)6l(+ A+! N%. 4< 9, p&%v(des#

"T'e dea!' penal!y s'all als% 6e (*p%sed ($ !'e +&(*e %$ &ape (s +%**(!!ed (!' any %$ !'e $%ll% (na!!endan! +(&+)*s!an+es#

-. 'en !'e v(+!(* (s )nde& e( '!een /-:0 yea&s %$ a e and !'e %$$ende& (s a pa&en!, as+endan!, s!eppa&en!,)a&d(an, &ela!(ve 6y +%nsan )(n(!y %& a$$(n(!y (!'(n !'e !'(&d +(v(l de &ee, %& !'e +%**%n;la ;sp%)se

%$ !'e pa&en! %$ !'e v(+!(*."

'(le !'e $a!'e&;da) '!e& &ela!(%ns'(p 6e! een appellan! and p&(va!e +%*pla(nan! 'as 6een s)$$(+(en!lyes!a6l(s'ed, !'e $a+! %$ *(n%&(!y %$ !'e v(+!(*, al!'%) ' spe+($(+ally ave&&ed (n !'e (n$%&*a!(%n, 'as n%!

6een e )ally s'% n (n ev(den+e. T'ese )al($y(n +(&+)*s!an+es %$ &ela!(%ns'(p and *(n%&(!y a&e ! (n&e )(&e*en!s !'a! s'%)ld 6e 6%!' alle ed (n !'e (n$%&*a!(%n and es!a6l(s'ed 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6!d)&(n !&(al (n %&de& !% s)s!a(n an (*p%s(!(%n %$ !'e dea!' penal!y.-= Ne(!'e& an %6v(%)s *(n%&(!y %$ !'ev(+!(* n%& !'e $a(l)&e %$ !'e de$ense !% +%n!es! 'e& &eal a e al ays e5+)se !'e p&%se+)!(%n $&%* !'edes(&ed p&%%$ &e )(&ed 6y la .- J)d(+(al n%!(+e %$ !'e (ss)e %$ a e (!'%)! !'e &e )(s(!e 'ea&(n+%nd)+!ed )nde& Se+!(%n ?, R)le -39, %$ !'e R)les %$ %)&!, %)ld n%! 6e +%ns(de&ed s)$$(+(en!+%*pl(an+e (!' !'e la . T'e 6(&!' +e&!($(+a!e %$ !'e v(+!(* %&, (n l(e) !'e&e%$, any %!'e& d%+)*en!a&yev(den+e, l(1e a 6ap!(s*al +e&!($(+a!e, s+'%%l &e+%&ds and d%+)*en!s %$ s(*(la& na!)&e, %& +&ed(6le!es!(*%n(al ev(den+e, !'a! +an 'elp es!a6l(s' !'e a e %$ !'e v(+!(* s'%)ld 6e p&esen!ed.-< '(le !'ede+la&a!(%n %$ a v(+!(* as !% 'e& a e, 6e(n an e5+ep!(%n !% !'e 'ea&say p&%s+&(p!(%n, %)ld 6e ad*(ss(6le)nde& !'e &)le %n ped( &ee, !'e )es!(%n %n !'e &ela!(ve e( '! !'a! *ay 6e a++%&ded !% (! (s a !%!allyd($$e&en! *a!!e&.-4

In !'e +ase a! 6a&, !'e +%*pla(nan! +la(*ed !'a! s'e as -? yea&s %ld a! !'e !(*e %$ !'e (n+(den!.-: He&*%!'e& s!a!ed, '% eve&, !'a! s'e as -=.-9 T'e 6(&!' +e&!($(+a!e %$ !'e v(+!(*, a! leas! al&eady (n 'e&!eens, as n%! p&esen!ed !% as+e&!a(n 'e& !&)e a e %n !'e 6a&e alle a!(%n !'a! !'e d%+)*en! as l%s! 'en!'e(& '%)se 6)&ned d% n.38 N% %!'e& d%+)*en! !'a! +%)ld s%*e'% 'elp es!a6l(s' !'e &eal a e %$ !'ev(+!(* as s)6*(!!ed.

21


22/93

T'e %)&!, (n s)*, )p'%lds !'e de+(s(%n %$ !'e !&(al +%)&! +%nv(+!(n Le%na&d% Fa6&e %$ !'e +&(*e %$ &ape 6)! *)s! &ed)+e, %n a++%)n! %$ (ns)$$(+(en+y %$ p&%%$ %n !'e )al($y(n +(&+)*s!an+e %$ *(n%&(!y %$ !'ev(+!(*, !'e penal!y %$ dea !' !% &e+l)s(%n pe&pe!)a. (!' &espe+! !% !'e +(v(l l(a6(l(!y, !'e %)&! s)s!a(ns!'e a a&d %$ P 8,888.88 +(v(l (nde*n(!y 6)!, (n 1eep(n (!' p&eva(l(n 7)&(sp&)den+e, *)s! add(!(%nally%&de& !'e pay*en! %$ P 8,888.88 *%&al da*a es3- and P38,888.88 e5e*pla&y da*a es.33

HEREFORE, !'e 7)d *en! %$ !'e +%)&! a )% $(nd(n LEONARDO FABRE )(l!y %$ &ape (sAFFIRMED 6)! !'e sen!en+e %$ dea!' !'e&e(n (*p%sed s'%)ld 6e, as (! (s 'e&e6y s%, &ed)+ed !% &e+l)s(%n

pe&pe!)a. T'e a a&d %$ P 8,888.88 +(v(l l(a6(l(!y (n $av%& %$ v(+!(*, Ma&(l%) Fa6&e, (s s)s!a(ned2'% eve&, appellan! (s $)&!'e& %&de&ed !% pay !% !'e v(+!(* !'e a*%)n!s %$ P 8,888.88 *%&al da*a es andP38,888.88 e5e*pla&y da*a es.

SO ORDERED.

22


23/93

G.R. N%. -89


24/93

A He &e*%ved *y pan!y.

And a$!e& &e*%v(n y%)& pan!y, 'a! d(d P%1s d%

A He p)! %)! '(s pen(s.

And a$!e& p)!!(n %)! '(s pen(s, 'a! d(d 'e d% !% y%)

A He %pened *y va (na.

And a$!e& %pen(n y%)& va (na, 'a! d(d P%1s d% (!' '(s pen(s %)!s(de

A He (nse&!ed (!.

555 555 555

And 'en P%1s (nse&!ed '(s pen(s !% y%)& va (na, 'a! 'appened !% y%)& va (na

A I $el! pa(n.

As(de $&%* pa(n, as !'e&e 6l%%d !'a! +a*e %)!

A es s(&.

555 555 555

D(d P%1s !ell y%) any!'(n a$!e& !'e (n+(den! !&ansp(&ed

A es s(&.

'a! d(d P%1s !ell y%)

A T'a! 'e (ll s!&an le *e.

'y (ll P%1s s!&an le y%)

A I$ I !e ll !'a ! ( n+ (den ! !% any6%dy. =

T'e !&(al +%)&! $%)nd M(+'elleCs !es!(*%ny !% 6e s!&a( '!$%& a&d, +&ed(6le and !&)!'$)l. e $(nd n% &eas%n!% %ve&!)&n !'a! +%n+l)s(%n and !% (!''%ld +&eden+e $&%* !'e !es!(*%ny %$ M(+'elle. e n%!e !'a!, a!'e& *%!'e&Cs (ns!an+e, M(+'elle )nde& en! p'ys(+al e5a*(na!(%n a! !'e 'ands %$ a p'ys(+(an. T'e &es)l!s%$ !'e *ed(+al e5a*(na!(%n +%nd)+!ed )p%n 'e& a&e +%ns(s!en! (!' !'e +'a& e !'a! s'e 'ad 6een se5)allyassa)l!ed. T'e *ed(+al +e&!($(+a!e se!s %)! !'e $%ll% (n $(nd(n s#

F&es' 6l%%d %% (n $&%* va (na

Hy*en (!' 'e*a!%*a, la+e&a!(%n $&es' a! 4, 9, and ?#88 %C+l%+1 p%s(!(%n (!' *%de&a!ea*%)n! %$ 6leed(n

va (nal s*ea& $%& spe&*a!% %a, ne a!(ve.

T'e p'ys(+(an '% 'ad e5a*(ned !es!($(ed (n +%)&! !% !'e $%ll% (n e$$e+!#

FIS AL DE JESUS# /DIRE T EKAMINATION0

'a! *( '! 'ave 6een !'e +a)se %$ !'(s 'e*a!%*a, 'a! %67e+!, $%& e5a*ple

DO TOR MED AUKILLOS#

A Any 6l)n! (ns!&)*en! !'a! +%)ld (n!&%d)+e $%&+e (n !'a! a&ea +%)ld +a)se 'e*a!%*a.

%) +%ns(de& *anCs pen(s as an (ns!&)*en! !'a! +%)ld +a)se !'a! 'e*a!%*a

A es, S(&.

555 555 555

And 'a! *( '! 6e !'e p&%6a6le +a)se %$ !'ese la+e&a!(%ns (n !'%se d($$e&en! p%s(!(%ns

A T'a! *( '! 'ave 6een +a)sed 6y a 6l)n! %67e+! (nse&!ed (n !'e va (na.

And *anCs pen(s +%)ld 6e a p&%6a6le +a)se $%& !'ese la+e&a!(%ns

A es, S(&. al%%1an (!y. Te&es(!a A&anda as al%ne 'en s'e app&%a+'ed!'e !&(+y+le and as seen +a&&y(n a s'%)lde& 6a . /TSN O+!. - , -998, p. 0. J)s!

6e$%&e Te&es(!a A&anda 6%a&ded !'e !&(+y+le, s'e 'anded %ve& 'a! appea&ed !% 6es*all plas!(+ 6a s !% !'e !&(+y+le d&(ve&, '% as s)6se )en!ly (den!($(ed as Ben(!%

(llan)eva. Ben(!% (llan)eva as !'en sea!ed %n !'e d&(ve&Cs sea! %$ !'e !&(+y+le./TSN O+!. - , -998, p. al%%1an (!yP%l(+e S!a!(%n $%& (nves!( a!(%n / Rollo , pp. -?;-=2 De+(s(%n, pp. -;30.

On !'e %!'e& 'and, appellan!Cs ve&s(%n %$ 'a! !&ansp(&ed, as s!a!ed (n 'e& 6&(e$, (s as $%ll% s#

T'e a++)sed;appellan! as a &es(den! and 'as 6een a &es(den! %$ N%. 48 San J)an, Pasay (!y s(n+e -943. S'e 'as 6een &en!(n !'e '%)se '(+' (s% ned 6y P(% Da'(l. A! a6%)! #88 p.*. %n A) )s! -4, -998 s'e en! !% !'e '%)se %$ a $&(end Mel(ssa a! Ba %n Ba&&(%, >al%%1an (!y. T'e sa(d $&(end, Mel(ssa 'ad 7)s!

(ven 6(&!'. S'e as n%! a6le, '% eve&, !% see 'e& $&(end Mel(ssa as !'e la!!e& as%)! %$ !'e '%)se s% !'e a++)sed;appellan! !%%1 a !&(+y+le al%n Repa&% S!., Ba %n

65

Ba&&(%, >al%%1an (!y %n 'e& ay 6a+1 !% 'e& &es(den+e a! P asay (!y. As !'e!&(+y+le as *%v(n al%n Repa&% S!., p%l(+e*en s)ddenly appea&ed and a&&es!ed!'e !&(+y+le d&(ve& '%* !'e a++)sed;appellan! la!e& +a*e !% 1n% as Ben(!%

THE OURT A Q O GRA EL ERRED ON / S!" 0 GI ING EIGHT TO THETESTIMON OF THE ITNESSES FOR THE PROSE UTION NOTABL THEALLEGED APPREHENDING OFFI ERS DESPITE ITS O N FINDING THAT


66/93

! e !&(+y+le d&(ve& %* ! e a++)sed;appellan! la!e& +a*e !% 1n% as Ben(!%(llan)eva2 s'e as !'en $%&+ed !% al( '! $&%* !'e sa(d !&(+y+le and l(1e (se

a&&es!ed. I! (s als% es!a6l(s'ed !'a! a! !'e !(*e !'e a++)sed;appellan! as a&&es!ed!'e&e as n% a&&an! $%& 'e& a&&es!. In $a+! 'en s'e as *ade !% al( '! $&%* !'e!&(+y+le and 6&%) '! !% !'e p%l(+e 'ead )a&!e&s s'e as n%! (n$%&*ed 'y !'e y e&e

6&(n (n 'e& !% !'e p%l(+e 'ead )a&!e&s.

A! !'e !(*e %$ 'e& a&&es! and p&ev(%)s !'e&e!% s'e as %&1(n a! a ap( Fa+!%&y.S'e a) *en!ed 'e& (n+%*e 6y sell(n d&esses and %!'e& *an)$a+!)&ed %%ds % ned

6y Sa'lee Da'(l Uy, a da) '!e& %$ 'e& landl%&d a! Pasay (!y. '(le s'e as a! !'e p%l(+e 'ead )a&!e&s s'e as sepa&a!ed $&%* Ben(!% (llan)eva and !'e p%l(+e %$$(+e&spe+($(+ally as as1(n *%ney $&%* 'e& 6)! s'e as n%! a6le !% +%*e )p (!' anya*%)n! as s'e d(d n%! 'ave !'e *%ney !'en /TSN, pp. 3;-?, Jan)a&y -=, -99-0 /B&(e$ $%& a++)sed;appellan!, pp. =; 0.

On J)ne -?, -99-, !'e !&(al +%)&! &ende&ed (!s 7)d *en!, $(nd(n appellan! )(l!y 6ey%nd &eas%na6led%)6! %$ del(ve&(n *e!'a*p'e!a*(ne 'yd&%+'l%&(de %& "s'a6)." T'e d(sp%s(!(ve p%&!(%n %$ !'e 7)d *en!&eads as $%ll% s#

HEREFORE, (n v(e %$ !'e $%&e %(n , !'(s %)&! $(nds !'e a++)sed TERESITAARANDA y DORIA GUILT 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6! %$ del(ve&(n ! % s*all

'(!e plas!(+ 6a s +%n!a(n(n Me!'a*p'e!a*(ne Hyd&%+'l%&(de, a &e )la!ed d&) , !%Ben(!% (llan)eva, as +'a& ed (n !'e In$%&*a!(%n $%& v(%la!(%n %$ Se+!(%n - %$Rep)6l(+ A+! N%. OF AN E IDEN E THAT THERE

AS AN SALE OF PROHIBITED DRUG.

III

THE OURT A Q O GRA EL ERRED IN REFUSING TO GI E REDEN ETO THE TESTIMON OF THE ITNESSES ALLED AND PRESENTED BTHE PROSE UTION ITSELF /Appellan!Cs B&(e$, pp. -;30

A$!e& a +a&e$)l pe&)sal %$ !'e &e+%&ds %$ !'e +ase, as ell as !'e !&ans+&(p! %$ s!en% &ap'(+ n%!es and !'eev(den+e s)6*(!!ed 6y 6%!' !'e p&%se+)!(%n and de$ense, e $(nd !'a! !'e&e a&e n%!a6le (n+%ns(s!en+(es (n!'e !es!(*%n(es %$ !'e !'&ee app&e'end(n %$$(+e&s, na*ely P$+. Ale5ande& %&p) , P$+. El*a&(% Adelan!eand Pa!. R%*e% Sen +%.

As !% '% (nves!( a!ed !'e appellan! a$!e& !'e a&&es!, P$+. %&p) andPa!. Sen +% p%(n!ed !% a +e&!a(n Pa!. R%*e% Bald%nad% /TSN, p. 3=, N%ve*6e&


67/93

And !'e&e as al&eady a *as1(n !ape 'en !'ese !'(n s e&e+%n$(s+a!ed $&%* !'e a++)sed Ben(!% (llan)eva

A es, s(&.

And 'en y%) (nd%&sed %& s)6*(!!ed !'ese !% !'e (nves!( a!(n%$$(+e&, !'e *as1(n !ape and !'e *a&1(n a&e / sic0 n%! ye! !'e&e

A es, s(&.

E5+ep! !'a! y%) (!nessed !'a! (! as *a&1ed 6y P%l(+eO$$(+e& San!%s / sic 0 'en !'e a++)sed as 6e(n (nves!( a!ed

A es, s(&. /TSN, p. :, Jan)a&y 4, -99-0.

P$+. %&p) !es!($(ed !'a! a$!e& (v(n a 'and s( nal $%& P$+. Adelan!e and Pa!. Sen +% !% app&%a+' !'es)spe+!s, 'e en! !% e! '(s 7eep, '(+' as a6%)! !en *e!e&s a ay $&%* '(*. H(s !es!(*%ny (n pe&!(nen!

pa&! (s as $%ll% s#

&%ss e5a*(na!(%n#

A!!y. Pa+(s#

And 'en !'e &esp%nden! / sic0, 'a! d(d !'ey d%, (n pa&!(+)la&

A As I n%!(+ed, P$+. Adelan!e (**ed(a!ely &a66ed !'e 'and %$!'e s)spe+! Ben(!% (llan)eva, 6e+a)se 'e as a6%)! !% !'&%!'e ! % !&anspa&en! plas!(+ 6a s, s(&.

And '% a6%)! Pa!. R%*e% Sen +%, 'a! d(d 'e d%

A He &a66ed !'e (&l, s(&, and 'e as a6le !% %! / sic 0 $&%* 'e&%ne *%&e !&anspa&en! plas!(+ 6a .

On y%)& pa&!, 'a! d(d y%) d% 'en P$+. Adelan!e &a66ed!'e 'and %$ Ben(!% (llan)eva

S%, y%) e&e (ns(de !'e 7eep d)&(n !'a! !(*e

A N%, s(&.

'e&e (s y%)& / sic0 7eep 'en Te&es(!a A&anda as a&&es!ed

A I n%!(+ed 'e as 7)s! &e+e(v(n !'e !&anspa&en! 6a , s(&.

I a* as1(n a6%)! !'e 7eep n% .

555 555 555

A 'en P$+. Adelan!e s'%)!ed !% *e, "S(laCy p%s(!(ve," !approached #$ %eep and &rou'ht it towards the location of the

suspects( sir . /TSN, p. -3;-?, O+!%6e& - , -9982 e*p'as(ss)ppl(ed0.

e!, %n $)&!'e& )es!(%n(n 6y de$ense +%)nsel, P$+. %&p) !es!($(ed !'a! 'e as (!' Pa!. Sen +% a! !'e!(*e !'e la!!e& a&&es!ed appellan!. H(s !es!(*%ny (n pe&!(nen! pa&! (s as $%ll% s#

&%ss e5a*(na!(%n#

A!!y. Pa+(s#

'e&e d(d Pa!. Sen +% e! !'a! %ne plas!(+ 6a , $&%* 'e&s'%)lde& 6a %& $&%* 'e&e / sic0 'and

A F&%* 'e& 'and, s(&.

%) a&e / sic0 ve&y s)&e 6e+a)se y%) sa (!

A ! was &eside the#( sir .

555 555 555

67

And '% d(d Pa!. Sen +% e! !'a! 6a+1 / sic 0 +%n!a(n(n*e!'a*p'e!a*(ne 'yd&%+'l%&(de $&%* !'e 'and %$ Te&es(!aA&anda

T'e&e as n% s'% (n !'a! (llan)eva as de+la&ed 6y !'e !&(al +%)&! as a '%s!(le (!ness as &e )(&ed (nSe+!(%n -3 %$ R)le -?3 %$ !'e R)les %$ Ev(den+e.


68/93

A S'e as !'en '%ld(n !'e plas!(+ 6a , s(&.

S% !'e %ne 6a +%n!a(n(n *e!'a*p'e!a*(ne 'yd&%+'l%&(deas (ns(de !'e s'%)lde& 6a %$ !'e a++)sed Te&es(!a A&anda

A es, s(&.

And Pa!. Sen +% $%&+e$)lly %pened !'e pal* %$ Te&es(!aA&anda, (s !'a! 'a! y%) *ean

A N%, s(&. ! as)ed her to open her pal# /TSN, pp. -:;-9,O+!%6e& -9, -9982 E*p'as(s s)ppl(ed0

T'e !&(al +%)&!, (!sel$, n%!ed !'a!#

T'e&e a&e a $e d(s+&epan+(es, '% eve&, (n !'e !es!(*%n(es %$ !'ese !'&ee p%l(+e*en.P$+. %&p) and Pa!. Sen +% d(d n%! *en!(%n any / sic0 a6%)! any &a /E5'(6(! "J"0(ns(de a pa+1e! %$ / sic0 '(+' Te&es(!a A&anda pla+ed ! % plas!(+ 6a s +%n!a(n(ns)spe+!ed Me!'a*p'e!a*(ne Hyd&%+'l%&(de and passed %ve& sa(d &a !% and (!s+%n!en!s !% Ben(!% (llan)eva. I! as %nly P$+. Adelan!e '% *en!(%ned !'e &a . He

even 6&%) '! (! /E5'(6(! "J"0 !% !'e %)&!&%%*. P$+. Adelan!e e5pla(ned !'a! 'e$%& %! !% del(ve& sa(d &a /E5'(6(! "J"0 !% !'e (nves!( a!%&. He !')s 1ep! (! (n '(s p%ssess(%n )n!(l 'e 6&%) '! (! !% !'e %)&!&%%* %n Jan)a&y 4, -99- /TSN, Jan)a&y 4,-99-, pp. ;


69/93

555 555 555

And y%) +a*e !% 1n% , %$ +%)&se, d)&(n !'a! (nves!( a!(%n 6y!'e F(s+al !'a! Te&es(!a A&anda as +'a& ed %$ del(ve&(n s'a6)%& *e!'a*p'e!a*(ne 'yd&%+'l%&(de !% y%) %n A) )s! -4, -998.Is !'a! n%! +%&&e+!

A ,othin' was deli+ered to #e( sir . /" ala na*an s(yan

(d(n(l(6e& sa a1(n"0 /TSN, p. -


70/93

, ( ) ) , ) ,RONALD ASTILLANO al(as "N%n%" and JAIME ASTILLANO, JR. al(as "J)n7)n," appellan!s.

ALLEJO, SR., J.#

T'(s (s an appeal $&%* !'e De+(s(%n- %$ !'e Re (%nal T&(al %)&! %$ P(l(, a*a&(nes S)&, B&an+' ?-, (n&(*(nal ase N%. P;3 =3, +%nv(+!(n appellan!s R%nald as!(llan% al(as "N%n%" and Ja(*e as!(llan%,

J&. %$ *)&de&, *e!(n %n ea+' %$ !'e* !'e penal!y %$ &e+l)s(%n pe&pe!)a and %&de&(n !'e* !% pay, 7%(n!lyand seve&ally, da*a es !% !'e 'e(&s %$ !'e v(+!(* D(%sdad% %lan!e.

T'e Ev(den+e %& !'e P&%se+)!(%n

D(%sdad% %lan!e, '% e1ed %)! a l(v(n as a $a&*e&, '(s ($e L) ,3 and !'e(& $%)& +'(ld&en l(ved (n !'e(&$a&*land l%+a!ed (n !'e %)!s1(&! %$ S(!(% Dana an, Ba&an ay Sa &ada, B)la, a*a&(nes S)&.

A6%)! 388 *e!e&s a ay $&%* D(%sdad% s $a&*land as !'e $a&*'%)se %$ Ja(*e as!(llan%, S&.? He!as1ed '(s s%n, Ja(*e as!(llan%, J&., !% !a1e +a&e %$ !'e $a&*'%)se and all% ed '(* !% &es(de !'e&e.=Ja(*e, S&., '(s ($e %n+ep+(%n, !'e(& s%n R%nald /N%n%0 as!(llan% and %!'e& +'(ld&en l(ved a! !'e(&$a*(ly &es(den+e (n Sa &ada, B)la, a*a&(nes S)&, app&%5(*a!ely !'&ee 1(l%*e!e&s a ay $&%* !'e(&$a&*'%)se (n S(!(% Dana an.

S%*e!(*e (n !'e ea&ly pa&! %$ J)ne -99


71/93

?. S!a6 %)nd 3 +*.5 +*. Ep( as!&()* R

=. S!a6 %)nd 3 +*.5 = +*. Ep( as!&()* L

. S!a6 %)nd 3. +*. M(ddle !'(&d A&* R


72/93

a&*ed (!' a 6%l% &)nn(n !% a&ds !'e* and a6%)! !% a!!a+1 !'e* (!' '(s 6%l%. R%nald s'%ved Ja(*e,J&. '% $ell %n !'e *)ddy &(+e padd(es 6el% !'e p(lap(l. R%nald $%&!' (!' s'%! D(%sdad%. D(%sdad% !%%1 a s!ep 6)! $ell %n a 1neel(n p%s(!(%n. D(%sdad% 6&and(s'ed '(s 6%l%. R%nald s'%! D(%sdad% %n+e *%&e

6)! '(s )n *(s$(&ed. T% de$end '(*sel$, R%nald !%%1 Ja(*e, J&. s 6%l% and 'a+1ed D(%sdad% !% dea!'.?3R%nald !'en $led $&%* !'e s+ ene and &an !% !'e 7eepney a! !'e NIA &%ad. Ja(*e, J&. and J%se 6%a&ded !'e

7eep and le$! !'e s+ene. R%nald !'&e !'e 6%l% al%n !'e ay. He !'&e '(s )n (n!% a &(+e $a&* (nDana an.

Ja(*e, J&. +%&&%6%&a!ed !'e !es!(*%ny %$ '(s 6&%!'e&. He, '% eve&, !es!($(ed !'a! 'e d(d n%! see '(s 6&%!'e&'a+1 and 1(ll D(%sdad%. He +la(*ed !'a! 'en R%nald %! '%ld %$ '(s 6%l%, 'e &an a ay and p&%+eeded!% !'e(& 7eepney '(+' as !'en pa&1ed a! !'e &%ads(de. M(n)!es la!e&, R%nald $%ll% ed. T'ey !'en'as!(ly en! '%*e !% Sa &ada and !%ld !'e(& $a!'e& Ja(*e, S&. %$ !'e (n+(den!.??

J%se Del S%+%&&% +%&&%6%&a!ed !'e !es!(*%ny %$ R%nald. He !es!($(ed !'a! %n J)ly :, -99


73/93

ev(den+e !'e essen!(al &e )(s(!es %$ sel$;de$ense, na*ely /a0 )nla $)l a &ess(%n %n !'e pa&! %$ !'ev(+!(*2 /60 &eas%na6le ne+ess(!y %$ !'e *eans e*pl%yed !% &epel %& p&even! (!2 and /+0 la+1 %$ s)$$(+(en!

p&%v%+a!(%n %n !'e pa&! %$ !'e pe&s%n de$end(n '(*sel$. T'e&e +an 6e n% +%*ple!e %& (n+%*ple!e sel$;de$ense %& de$ense %$ &ela!(ves )nless !'e a++)sed p&%ves )nla $)l a &ess(%n %n !'e pa&! %$ !'ev(+!(*.=3 T'e a++)sed *)s! &ely %n !'e s!&en !' %$ '(s ev(den+e and n%! %n !'e ea1ness %$ !'e ev(den+e%$ !'e p&%se+)!(%n $%& 6y plead(n sel$;de$ense, !'e a++)sed !'e&e6y ad*(!s 'av(n 1(lled !'e v(+!(* and'e +an n% l%n e& 6e e5%ne&a!ed %$ !'e +&(*e +'a& ed ($ 'e $a(ls !% p&%ve !'e +%n$l)en+e %$ !'e essen!(al&e )(s(!es $%& sel$;de$ense and de$ense %$ a &ela!(ve.=?

Appellan! R%nald $a(led !% d(s+'a& e '(s 6)&den.

F(&s!. A$!e& s'%%!(n and s!a66(n D(%sdad%, appellan! R%nald $led $&%* !'e s(!)s +&(*(n(s. Fl( '! $&%*!'e s(!)s %$ !'e +&(*e (s a ve&(!a6le 6ad e %$ )(l! and ne a!es '(s plea %$ sel$;de$ense.==

Se+%nd. Appellan! R%nald !'&e a ay '(s pal!(1 .?: )n and !'e 6%l% 'e )sed (n 'a+1(n D(%sdad% as 'e$led $&%* !'e s+ene %$ !'e +&(*e (ns!ead %$ s)&&ende&(n !'e sa*e !% !'e p%l(+e a)!'%&(!(es. Appellan!R%nald ad*(!!ed !'a! 'e 'ad n% l(+ense $%& !'e )n#

'e&e (s !'a! )n n% !'a! y%) )se

A I d% n%! 1n% , %)& H%n%&, I !'(n1 I as a6le !% !'&% (! a ay.

'e&e

A A! Dana an, %)& H%n%&.

Dana an, (s !'a! a la1e

A N%, %)& H%n%&, (! (s a &(+e$a&*.

'a! 1(nd %$ )n (s !'(s

A Pal!(1 .?:, %)& H%n%&.=

ATT . BALLEBAR#

'e&e (s !'a! pla+e 'e&e y%) !'&% (!

A I! as 6y !'e NIA &%ad.

%) *en!(%ned als% a '(le a % !'a! !'(s )n !'a! y%) sa(d (s a "pal!(1" and y%) !'&% (! a ayals%, (s (! n%!

A es, Ma a*.

And !'a! )n 'ad 6een (n y%)& p%ssess(%n !'e '%le day !'a! y%) a&e d&(v(n )p !% !'e !(*e y%)s'%! !'e v(+!(*, D(%sdad% %lan!e

A es, Ma a*.

D% y%) 'ave l(+ense !% p%ssess !'a! $(&ea&*

A N%ne, Ma a*.=0 %n !'e 6as(s %$ R)le -?8, ?4 -? %$ !'e R)les %$ %)&!.

Hen+e, !'(s appeal. Pe!(!(%ne& +%n!ends !'a!

I. THE RESPONDENT OURT ERRED IN ADMITTING IN E IDEN E AS ENTRIES INTHE OURSE OF BUSINESS THE ENTRIES IN PRI ATE RESPONDENTCS BOO> OF

OLLE TIBLE A OUNTS ONSIDERING THAT THE PERSON HO MADE SAID ENTRIESA TUALL TESTIFIED IN THIS ASE BUT UNFORTUNATEL HAD NO PERSONAL>NO LEDGE OF SAID ENTRIES.

II. THE DE ISION OF THE RESPONDENT OURT SHOULD BE RE ERSED AS IT HASONL INADMISSIBLE E IDEN E TO SUPPORT IT.

! e en!&(es (n p&(va!e &esp%nden!Cs B%%1 %$ %lle+!(6le A++%)n!s /E5 . >0 +ann%! !a1e ! e pla+e %$ ! edel(ve&y &e+e(p!s and !'a! s)+' en!&(es a&e *e&e 'ea&say and, !')s, (nad*(ss(6le (n ev(den+e. -=

e a &ee (!' !'e appella!e +%)&! !'a! !'e s!(p)la!(%n (n !'e ! % +%n!&a+!s &e )(&(n !'e s)6*(ss(%n %$del(ve&y &e+e(p!s d%es n%! p&e+l)de p&%%$ %$ del(ve&y %$ *a!e&(als 6y p&(va!e &esp%nden! (n s%*e %!

ay. T'e )es!(%n (s 'e!'e& !'e en!&(es (n !'e B%%1 %$ %lle+!(6le A++%)n!s /E5'. >0 +%ns!(!)!e

+%*pe!en! ev(den+e !% s'% s)+' del(ve&y. P&(va!e &esp%nden! +(!es R)le -?8, ?4 %$ !'e R)les %$ %)&!and a& )es !'a! !'e en!&(es (n )es!(%n +%ns!(!)!e "en!&(es (n !'e +%)&se %$ 6)s(ness" s)$$(+(en! !% p&%vedel(ve&(es *ade $%& !'e %ve&n*en! p&%7e+!s. T'(s p&%v(s(%n &eads#

En!&(es (n !'e +%)&se %$ 6)s(ness. En!&(es *ade a!, %& nea& !'e !(*e %$ !'e !&ansa+!(%ns !% '(+' !'ey&e$e&, 6y a pe&s%n de+eased, %)!s(de %$ !'e P'(l(pp(nes %& )na6le !% !es!($y, '% as (n a p%s(!(%n !% 1n%!'e $a+!s !'e&e(n s!a!ed, *ay 6e &e+e(ved as p&(*a $a+(e ev(den+e, ($ s)+' pe&s%n *ade !'e en!&(es (n '(s

p&%$ess(%nal +apa+(!y %& (n !'e pe&$%&*an+e %$ d)!y and (n !'e %&d(na&y %& &e )la& +%)&se %$ 6)s(nd)!y. -

T'e ad*(ss(%n (n ev(den+e %$ e n!&(es (n +%&p%&a!e 6%%1s &e )(&es !'e sa!(s$a+!(%n %$ !'e $%ll% (n+%nd(!(%ns#

-. T'e pe&s%n '% *ade !'e en!&y *)s! 6e dead, %)!s(de !'e +%)n!&y %& )na6le !% !es!($y2

3. T'e en!&(es e&e *ade a! %& nea& !'e !(*e %$ !'e !&ansa+!(%ns !% '(+' !'ey &e$e&2

?. T'e en!&an! as (n a p%s(!(%n !% 1n% !'e $a+!s s!a!ed (n !'e en!&(es2

=. T'e en!&(es e&e *ade (n '(s p&%$ess(%nal +apa+(!y %& (n !'e pe&$%&*an+e %$ a d)!y, 'e!'e&le al, +%n!&a+!)al, *%&al %& &el( (%)s2 and

. T'e en!&(es e&e *ade (n !'e %&d(na&y %& &e )la& +%)&se %$ 6)s(ness %& d)!y. -0 d% n%! *ee! !'e $(&s! and !'(&d&e )(s(!es. D%l%&es Aday, '% *ade !'e en!&(es, as p&esen!ed 6y p&(va!e &esp%nden! !% !es!($y %n !'ea++%)n! %$ RD %ns!&)+!(%n. I! as (n !'e +%)&se %$ 'e& !es!(*%ny !'a! !'e en!&(es e&e p&esen!ed and*a&1ed (n ev(den+e. T'e&e as, !'e&e$%&e, ne(!'e& 7 )s!($(+a!(%n n%& ne+ess(!y $%& !'e p&esen!a!(%n %$ !'een!&(es as !'e pe&s%n '% *ade !'e* as ava(la6le !% !es!($y (n +%)&!.

84

Ne+ess(!y (s (ven as a &%)nd $%& ad*(!!(n en!&(es, (n !'a! !'ey a&e !'e 6es! ava(la6le ev(den+e. Sa(d alea&ned 7)d e# " 'a! a *an 'as a+!)ally d%ne and +%**(!!ed !% &(!(n 'en )nde& %6l( a!(%n !% d% !'ea+!, (! 6e(n (n !'e +%)&se %$ !'e 6)s(ness 'e 'as )nde&!a1en, and 'e 6e(n dead, !'e&e see*s !% 6e n%dan e& (n s)6*(!!(n !% !'e +%ns(de&a!(%n %$ !'e +%)&!." T'e pe&s%n '% *ay6e +all ed !% +%)&! !% !es!($y

On !'e %!'e& 'and, pe!(!(%ne& +%n!ends !'a! ev(den+e '(+' (s (nad*(ss(6le $%& !'e p)&p%se $%& '(+' (!as %$$e&ed +ann%! 6e ad*(!!ed $%& an%!'e& p)&p%se. S'e +(!es !'e $%ll% (n $&%* '(e$ J)s!(+e M%&anC

+%**en!a&(es#

T'e p)&p%se $%& '(+' !'e ev(den+e (s %$$e&ed *)s! 6e spe+($(ed. 'e&e !'e %$$e& (s ene&al, and !'e


85/93

dan e& (n s)6 (!!(n !% ! e %ns(de&a!(%n %$ ! e %)&!. T e pe&s%n % ay6e all ed !% %)&! !% !es!($y%n !'ese en!&(es 6e(n dead, !'e&e a&(ses !'e ne+ess(!y %$ !'e(& ad*(ss(%n (!'%)! !'e %ne '% *ade !'e*

6e(n +alled !% +%)&! 6e s %&n and s)67e+!ed !% +&%ss;e5a*(na!(%n. And !'(s (s pe&*(ss(6le (n %&de& !% p&even! a $a(l)&e %$ 7)s!(+e. -4

M%&e%ve&, Aday ad*(!!ed !'a! s'e 'ad n% pe&s%nal 1n% led e %$ !'e $a+!s +%ns!(!)!(n !'e en!&y. S'e

sa(d s'e *ade !'e en!&(es 6ased %n !'e 6(lls (ven !% 'e&. B)! s'e 'as n% 1n% led e %$ !'e !&)!' %& $als(!y%$ !'e $a+!s s!a!ed (n !'e 6(lls. T'e del(ve&(es %$ !'e *a!e&(als s!a!ed (n !'e 6(lls e&e s)pe&v(sed 6y "anen (nee& $%& /s)+'0 $)n+!(%ns." -: T'e pe&s%n, !'e&e$%&e, '% 'as pe&s%nal 1n% led e %$ !'e $a+!s s!a!ed(n !'e en!&(es, (.e., !'a! s)+' del(ve&(es e&e *ade (n !'e a*%)n!s and %n !'e da!es s!a!ed, as !'e+%*panyCs p&%7e+! en (nee&. T'e en!&(es *ade 6y Aday s'% %nly !'a! !'e 6(ll(n s 'ad 6een s)6*(!!ed !%'e& 6y !'e en (nee& and !'a! s'e $a(!'$)lly &e+%&ded !'e a*%)n!s s!a&ed !'e&e(n (n !'e 6%%1s %$ a++%)n!.

'e!'e& %& n%! !'e 6(lls (ven !% Aday +%&&e+!ly &e$le+!ed !'e del(ve&(es *ade (n !'e a*%)n!s and %n !'eda!es (nd(+a!ed as a $a+! !'a! +%)ld 6e es!a6l(s'ed 6y !'e p&%7e+! en (nee& al%ne '%, '% eve&, as n%!

p&esen!ed d)&(n !&(al. T'e &)le (s s!a!ed 6y $%&*e& '(e$ J)s!(+e M%&an, !')s#

'en !'e (!ness 'ad n% pe&s%nal 1n% led e %$ !'e $a+!s en!e&ed 6y '(*, and !'e pe&s%n '% ave'(* !'e (n$%&*a!(%n (s (nd(v(d)ally 1n% n and *ay !es!($y as !% !'e $a+!s s!a!ed (n !'e en!&y '(+' (s n%!

pa&! %$ a sys!e* %$ en!&(es 'e&e s+%&es %$ e*pl%yees 'ave (n!e&vened, s)+' en!&y (s n%! ad*(ss(6le(!'%)! !'e !es!(*%ny %$ !'e (n$%&*e&. -9

Se+%nd. I! (s n%ne!'eless a& )ed 6y p&(va!e &esp%nden! !'a! al!'%) ' !'e en!&(es +ann%! 6e +%ns(de&ed ane5+ep!(%n !% !'e 'ea&say &)le, !'ey *ay 6e ad*(!!ed )nde& R)le -?3, ^-8 38 %$ !'e R)les %$ %)&! '(+'

p&%v(des#

Se+. -8. 'en (!ness *ay &e$e& !% *e*%&and)*. A (!ness *ay 6e all% ed !% &e$&es' '(s *e*%&y&espe+!(n a $a+!, 6y any!'(n &(!!en 6y '(*sel$ %& )nde& '(s d(&e+!(%n a! !'e !(*e 'en !'e $a+!%++)&&ed, %& (**ed(a!ely !'e&ea$!e&, %& a! any %!'e& !(*e 'en !'e $a+! as $&es' (n '(s *e*%&y and 'e1ne !'a! !'e sa*e as +%&&e+!ly s!a!ed (n !'e &(!(n 2 6)! (n s)+' +ase !'e &(!(n *)s! 6e p&%d)+edand *ay 6e (nspe+!ed 6y !'e adve&se pa&!y, '% *ay, ($ 'e +'%%ses, +&%ss;e5a*(ne !'e (!ness )p%n (!,and *ay &ead (! (n ev(den+e. S%, als%, a (!ness *ay !es!($y $&%* s)+' a &(!(n , !'%) ' 'e &e!a(n n%&e+%lle+!(%n %$ !'e pa&!(+)la& $a+!s, ($ 'e (s a6le !% s ea& !'a! !'e &(!(n +%&&e+!ly s!a!ed !'e !&ansa+!(%n

'en *ade2 6)! s)+' ev(den+e *)s! 6e &e+e(ved (!' +a)!(%n.

T e p)&p%se $%& ( ! e ev(den e (s %$$e&ed )s! 6e spe ($(ed. e&e ! e %$$e& (s ene&al, and ! eev(den+e (s ad*(ss(6le $%& %ne p)&p%se and (nad*(ss(6le $%& an%!'e&, !'e ev(den+e s'%)ld 6e &e7e+!ed.L(1e (se, 'e&e !'e %$$e& (s *ade $%& ! % %& *%&e p)&p%ses and !'e ev(den+e (s (n+%*pe!en! $%& %ne %!'e*, !'e ev(den+e s'%)ld 6e e5+l)ded. T'e &eas%n $%& !'e &)le (s !'a! "(! (s !'e d)!y %$ a pa&!y !% sele+!!'e +%*pe!en! $&%* !'e (n+%*pe!en! (n %$$e&(n !es!(*%ny, and 'e +ann%! (*p%se !'(s d)!y )p%n !'e !&(al+%)&!." 'e&e !'e ev(den+e (s (nad*(ss(6le $%& !'e p)&p%se s!a!ed (n !'e %$$e&, (! *)s! 6e &e7e+!ed, !'%) '

!'e sa*e *ay 6e ad*(ss(6le $%& an%!'e& p)&p%se. T'e &)le (s s!a!ed !')s# "I$ a pa&!y . . . %pens !'e pa&!(+)la& v(e (!' '(+' 'e %$$e&s any pa&! %$ '(s ev(den+e, %& s!a!es !'e %67e+! !% 6e a!!a(ned 6y (!, 'e p&e+l)des '(*sel$ $&%* (ns(s!(n %n (!s %pe&a!(%n (n any %!'e& d(&e+!(%n, %& $%& any %!'e& %67e+!2 an&eas%n (s, !'a! !'e %pp%s(!e pa&!y (s p&even!ed $&%* %67e+!(n !% (!s +%*pe!en+y (n any v(e d($$e&en!$&%* !'e %ne p&%p%sed. 3-

I! s'%)ld 6e n%!ed, '% eve&, !'a! E5'. > (s n%! &eally 6e(n p&esen!ed $%& an%!'e& p)&p%se. P&(va!e&esp%nden!Cs +%)nsel %$$e&ed (! $%& !'e p)&p%se %$ s'% (n !'e a*%)n! %$ pe!(!(%ne&Cs (nde6!edness. Hsa(d#

E5'(6(! ">," y%)& H%n%& $a(!'$)l &ep&%d)+!(%n %$ pa e /-40 %$ !'e 6%%1 %n %lle+!(6le A++%)n!s %$!'e pla(n!($$, &e$le+!(n !'e p&(n+(pal (nde6!edness %$ de$endan! (n !'e a*%)n! %$ T % ')nd&ed n(ne!y;n(ne !'%)sand seven ')nd&ed seven!een pes%s and seven!y;$(ve +en!av%s /P399,4-4.4 0 and &e$le+!(n as

ell !'e a++)*)la!ed (n!e&es! %$ !'&ee pe&+en! /?Q0 *%n!'ly +%*p%)nded s)+' !'a! a s %$ De+e*6e& --,

-9:4, !'e a*%)n! +%lle+!(6le $&%* !'e de$endan! 6y !'e pla(n!($$ (s S(5 ')nd&ed s(5!een !'%)sand $%)&')nd&ed !'(&!y;$(ve pes%s and seven!y;! % +en!av%s /P


86/93

) ( ( ) ( ) ( ( ) ( ( y ) ( ( y ( ( )+%n+e(ve and $a6&(+a!e ev(den+e %$ !'(s na!)&e. T'(s (s d%)6ly !&)e 'en !'e (!ness s!ands !% a(n*a!e&(ally %& %!'e& (se $&%* !'e ad*(ss(%n %$ s)+' ev(den+e . . . . 3=

As !'e en!&(es (n )es!(%n /E5'. >0 e&e n%! *ade 6ased %n pe&s%nal 1n% led e, !'ey +%)ld %nly+%&&%6%&a!e D%l%&es AdayCs !es!(*%ny !'a! s'e *ade !'e en!&(es as s'e &e+e(ved !'e 6(lls.

T'(&d. D%es !'(s, !'e&e$%&e, *ean !'e&e (s n% +%*pe!en! ev(den+e %$ p&(va!e &esp%nden!Cs +la(* as pe!(!(%ne& a& )es 3 T'e ans e& (s (n !'e ne a!(ve. As(de $&%* E5'. >, p&(va!e &esp%nden! p&esen!ed !'e$%ll% (n d%+)*en!s#

-0 E5'(6(!s A %n!&a+! A &ee*en! da!ed 3< Ap&(l -9: '(+' +%n!&a+! +%ve&s 6%!' !'e T%led%'a&$ p&%7e+! and !'e Ba6a R%ad p&%7e+! (n Lap)lap) (!y.

30 E5'(6(! B %n!&a+! A &ee*en! da!ed 3? J)ly -9: '(+' +%ve&s !'e DAS Asp'al!(nP&%7e+!.

?0 E5'(6(! Rev(sed %*p)!a!(%n %$ B(ll(n s s)6*(!!ed %n May 3:, -9:


87/93

HEREFORE, !'e de+(s(%n %$ !'e %)&! %$ Appeals (s AFFIRMED.- p'(-.n !

SO ORDERED.

G.R. N%. 94-EMPIS, a++)sed;appellan!.

87

T'e S%l(+(!%& Gene&al $%& pla(n!($$;appellee.

E$&en N. de la &) $%& a++)sed;appellan!.

&(de (!' '(+' sa(d a++)sed 'ad p)&p%sely p&%v(ded '(*sel$, !'e&e6y +a)s(n and (n$l(+!(n )p%n '(*)ns'%! %)nds %n '(s 6%dy '(+' +a)sed '(s dea!'.

%n!&a&y !% la . =


88/93

DA IDE, JR., J.#

T'(s (s an appeal $&%* !'e de+(s(%n (n &(*(nal ase N%. :=- %$ B&an+' -8 %$ !'e Re (%nal T&(al %)&!

/RT 0, E( '!' J)d(+(al Re (%n, a! A6)y% , Ley!e, p&%*)l a!ed %n 9 O+!%6e& -998 - $(nd(n !'e a++)sed)(l!y 6ey%nd &eas%na6le d%)6! %$ !'e + &(*e %$ *)&de&, and sen!en+(n '(*#

. . . !% s)$$e& !'e penal!y %$ RE LUSION PERPETUA, !% (nde*n($y !'e 'e(&s %$ L%l(!% R(ve&% !'ea*%)n! %$ P?8,888.88 (!'%)! s)6s(d(a&y (*p&(s%n*en! (n +ase %$ (ns%lven+y and !% pay !'e +%s!s.

T'e a++)sed '% 'as 6een de!a(ned s(n+e '(s a&&es! %n May -9, -9:9 )p !% !'e p&esen! (s 'e&e6ya++%&ded $)ll +&ed(! %$ !'e p&even!(ve (*p&(s%n*en! 'e 'as )nde& %ne, p)&s)an! !% A&!. 39 %$ !'e Rev(sedPenal %de.

SO ORDERED. 3

A++)sed Te%$(l% >e*p(s, !'en a *e*6e& %$ !'e P'(l(pp(ne %ns!a6)la&y /P 0, as (n(!(ally +'a& ed (!'! % /30 +%)n!s %$ *)&de&, v( .# $%& !'e s!a66(n %$ An!%n(% M(&a$l%& and !'e s'%%!(n %$ L%l(!% R(ve&%,

&ave !'&ea!s and a6)se %$ a)!'%&(!y. In p&epa&a!(%n $%& a ene&al +%)&! *a&!(al p&%+eed(n s, S !. Sa *)elR%sales %$ !'e O$$(+e %$ !'e Re (%nal Inspe+!%& /ORI0 %$ !'e P @INP Re (%nal %**and : a! a*pSep!e*6e& 3-s! M%ve*en!, Pal%, Ley!e, +%nd)+!ed an (nves!( a!(%n. In '(s Inves!( a!(%n Rep%&! !% !'eRe (%nal Inspe+!%& Gene&al %$ !'e sa(d +%**and da!ed -? De+e*6e& -9::, S !. R%sales &e+%**ended!'a! !'e +ase 6e &e$e&&ed !% !'e Re (%nal J)d e Adv%+a!e $%& !'e la!!e&Cs le al %p(n(%n. ? In !'e *ean!(*e,'% eve&, !'e a++)sed as d(s+'a& ed $&%* !'e se&v(+e. T'e &e+%&ds %$ !'e +ase e&e !'en !&ans*(!!ed !%!'e O$$(+e %$ !'e P&%v(n+(al P&%se+)!%& %$ Ley!e $%& app&%p&(a!e a+!(%n.

In d)e +%)&se, !'e P&%v(n+(al P &%se+)!%& %$ Ley!e +a)sed !% 6e $(led %n -? Ap&(l -9:9 !'e In$%&*a!(%n (n&(*(nal ase N%. :=-, !'e a++)sa!%&y p%&!(%n %$ '(+' &eads#

T'a! %n %& a6%)! !'e - !' day %$ Sep!e*6e&, -9::, (n !'e M)n(+(pal(!y %$ May%& a, p&%v(n+e %$ Ley!e,P'(l(pp(nes, and (!'(n !'e 7)&(sd(+!(%n %$ !'(s H%n%&a6le %)&!, !'e a6%ve;na*ed a++)sed, (!'del(6e&a!e (n!en! !% 1(ll and (!' !&ea+'e&y and ev(den! p&e*ed(!a!(%n, d(d !'en and !'e&e (l$)lly,)nla $)lly and $el%n(%)sly a!!a+1, assa)l!, s'%! /s(+0 and %)nd %ne LOLITO RI ERO (!' an M;-e*p(s, 'a! as !'e p)&p%se (n y%)& %(n !% !'e '%)se %$ L%l(!% R(ve&%

A My p)&p%se as !% adv(+e '(* !'a! 'e s'%)ld n%! 6e s!eal(n and +'allen (n pe%ple !% a $( '!, 6e+a)se 'e (s +a)s(n !&%)6le !% %!'e& pe&s%ns.

'en %&a %n de Pa !%ld y%) !'a! L%l(!% R(ve&% as a! !'e 1(!+'en, 'a! ($ any!'(n d(d y%)d%

A A$!e& !ell(n L%l(!% !% +%*e %)! !% !'e ya&d and L%l(!% R(ve&% +a*e nea&, s% I sa(d !% '(*# %),L%l(!%, d% n%! s!eal a a(n and d% n%! 6e +'allen (n pe%ple 6e+a)se y%) a&e +a)s(n !'e* !&%)6le.

A$!e& !ell(n L%l(!% R(ve&%, 'a! d(d 'e say (n &eply

A He sa(d# I (ll n%! s!eal any*%&e, s(&, 6e+a)se I 'ave 7)s! 6een &eleased $&%* 7a(l, and s% I sa(d#T'an1 y%). T'en 'en I !)&ned *y 6a+1 'e (**ed(a!ely &a66ed *y M;-< 6e+a)se a! !'a! !(*e I as+a&&y(n *y M;-


93/93

'a! as !'e p%s(!(%n %$ !'e v(+!(* a! !'a! !(*e 'en y%) e&e a6le !% s'%%! '(*

A La y(n /s(+ 0 %n !'e &%)nd.

%) *ean y%) e&e s! and(n )p

A N%! ye!, e e&e s!(ll &appl(n and 6%!' %$ )s e&e s!(ll %n !'e &%)nd.

T'a! *eans 6%!' %$ y%) e&e s!(ll %n !'e &%)nd 'en !'e !'&ee s'%%!s e&e *ade !'a! '(! !'ev(+!(*

A es, e e&e s!(ll lay(n /s(+0 %n !'e &%)nd.

On !'e $(&s! s'%%!, '(+' p%&!(%n %$ !'e 6%dy %$ !'e v(+!(* as '(!

A I as n%! s)&e 'a! pa&! %$ '(s 6%dy 6e+a)se I as app&e'ens(ve as I as $( '!(n $%& *y l($e.

H% a6%)! !'e se+%nd s'%!, '(+' p%&!(%n %$ !'e 6%dy %$ !'e v(+!(* as '(!

A I a s n%! a6l e !% +l ea&ly ! a1e n%!e.

B)! (! (s a $a+! n% !'a! (! as !'e v(+!(* '% as %nly '(!

A es s(&.

And 'e as ' (! ' (le 'e as %n ! 'e &%)nd

A He as '(! '(le 'e as s!(ll %n !'e &%)nd and '(le I as als% s!(ll %n !'e &%)nd. =

rule 132 evid cases

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