RUDYARD

KIPLING30 DECEMBER

1865 – 18 JANUARY 1936

THE PLAN OF THE PRESENTATION• SOME WORDS ABOUT THE WRITER

• SOME FACTS ABOUT HIS LIFE

• HIS FAMOUS WORKS

• “THE JUNGLE BOOK”

• RIKKI-TIKKI-TAVI

• “ADVENTURES OF MOWGLI”

• “IF”

RUDYARD KIPLING

• WAS AN ENGLISH SHORT-STORY WRITER AND POET

• IS MAINLY REMEMBERED FOR HIS TALES AND POEMS OF BRITISH SOLDIERS IN INDIA AND HIS TALES FOR CHILDREN

• IN 1907, HE WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE, MAKING HIM THE FIRST ENGLISH-LANGUAGE WRITER TO RECEIVE THE PRIZE

ABOUT HIS NAME

• JOHN LOCKWOOD AND ALICE HAD MET IN 1863 AND COURTED AT RUDYARD LAKE IN RUDYARD, STAFFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND.

• THEY MARRIED, AND MOVED TO INDIA IN 1865. THEY HAD BEEN SO MOVED BY THE BEAUTY OF THE RUDYARD LAKE AREA THAT WHEN THEIR FIRST CHILD WAS BORN, THEY INCLUDED A REFERENCE TO THE LAKE IN NAMING HIM

Rudyard Lake in Staffordshire

EARLY CHILDHOOD LIFE

• KIPLING WAS BORN IN BOMBAY, IN INDIA, TO ALICE AND LOCKWOOD KIPLING

• AT THE AGE OF FIVE HE WAS SENT TO SOUTHSEA TO LIVE AND BE EDUCATED IN ENGLAND AND SUFFERED AT THE HANDS OF THE BOARDING HOUSE OWNERS, AFTER THAT HE WAS AFFECTED BY HYPOSOMNIA

• WHEN HIS MOTHER EVENTUALLY VISITED FROM INDIA SHE DISCOVERED THE BRUTAL TREATMENT TO HER CHILDREN AND TOOK THEM IMMEDIATELY BACK TO INDIA

Bombay - Mumbai

Bombay - Mumbai

SOME LATER• HE WAS NOT CONSIDERED ACADEMICALLY GOOD ENOUGH TO ATTEND

OXFORD UNIVERSITY, SO HIS FATHER GOT HIM A JOB IN INDIA

• KIPLING BECAME AN ASSISTANT EDITOR OF A SMALL LOCAL NEWSPAPER, THE CIVIL & MILITARY GAZETTE. THAT JOB HELPED HIM MUCH IN UNDERSTANDING ASPECTS OF THE COLONIAL LIFE

• IN 1887, HE WAS TRANSFERRED TO THE GAZETTE'S LARGER SISTER NEWSPAPER, THE PIONEER

WORKING BY THE PIONEER• KIPLING'S WRITING CONTINUED AT A FRENETIC PACE. IN 1888, HE

PUBLISHED 6 COLLECTIONS OF SHORT STORIES:

• “SOLDIERS THREE”, “THE STORY OF THE GADSBYS”, “IN BLACK AND WHITE”, “UNDER THE DEODARS”, “THE PHANTOM RICKSHAW”, “WEE WILLIE WINKIE”

• IN ADDITION, AS THE PIONEER'S SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT IN THE WESTERN REGION OF RAJPUTANA, HE WROTE MANY SKETCHES SUCH AS “FROM SEA TO SEA AND OTHER SKETCHES, LETTERS OF TRAVEL”

BECOMING A WRITER

• HE WAS DISCHARGED FROM THE PIONEER IN 1889, AFTER A DISPUTE

• BY THIS TIME, HE HAD BEEN INCREASINGLY THINKING ABOUT THE FUTURE.

• HE SOLD THE RIGHTS TO HIS 6 VOLUMES OF STORIES , AND THE PLAIN TALES. IN ADDITION, FROM THE PIONEER, HE RECEIVED SIX-MONTHS' SALARY. HE DECIDED TO USE THIS MONEY TO MAKE HIS WAY TO LONDON, THE LITERARY CENTRE OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE.

LONDON

THE MOST FAMOUS WORKS• “THE JUNGLE BOOK”, INCLUDING "RIKKI-TIKKI-TAVI“

• “JUST SO STORIES”

• “KIM” - A TALE OF ADVENTURE

• “THE WHITE MAN'S BURDEN”

• AND SUCH POEMS AS "MANDALAY“, "GUNGA DIN”, "THE WHITE MAN'S BURDEN", “IF—”

• SOME WORKS WERE WRITTEN DURING HIS JOURNEYS THROUGH THE USA AND ASIA (“THE LIGHT THAT FAILED”, “THE BALLAD OF EAST AND WEST”, “THE LAST RHIME OF TRUE THOMAS”)

THE JUNGLE BOOK

• IS A COLLECTION OF STORIES THAT WERE PUBLISHED IN 1893–94

• CERTAIN OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS WERE MADE BY RUDYARD'S FATHER

• THE TALES IN THE BOOK ARE FABLES THAT, USING ANIMALS IN ANTHROPOMORPHIC WAY, GIVE MORAL LESSONS

• IN SOME PARTS THERE IS A FERAL CHILD CALLED MOWGLI, THAT WAS BROUGHT UP BY THE WOLVES (RAKSHA (MOTHER), AKELA, GREY BROTHER, PHAONA, WON-TOLLA, PHAO)

• THE STORY FOLLOWS THE EXPERIENCES OF A YOUNG VALIANT MONGOOSE NAMED RIKKI-TIKKI-TAVI AFTER HIS ADOPTION INTO A BRITISH FAMILY RESIDING IN A BUNGALOW IN INDIA

• RIKKI WAS A PET AND A PROTECTION AGAINST VENOMOUS SNAKES.

• THE STORY IS NOTABLE FOR ITS FRIGHTENING AND SERIOUS TONE. 

RIKKI-TIKKI-TAVI

RIKKI-TIKKI-TAVI

THE MOVIE “ADVENTURES OF MOWGLI”• THIS WAS RELEASED BETWEEN 1967 AND 1971

• THIS IS THE SECOND FILM ADAPTATION OF “THE JUNGLE BOOK”

• THE CARTOON COMPRISES 5 ANIMATED SHORTS OF ABOUT 20 MINUTES EACH

• THE SOVIET ADAPTATION FEATURES SEQUENCES OF FIGHTING AND SHOWS EVEN BLOOD. EXCEPT THE FIRST 2 EPISODES, MOWGLI IS PORTRAYED AS AN ADOLESCENT WARRIOR RATHER THAN A CHILD

• OWING TO RUDYARD’S WORK EVERYONE IN RUSSIA KNOWS THIS WONDERFUL ANIMATED FILM

MOWGLI

MOWGLI

BAGIRA

IF – 1895 – VERSE 1, 2

• IF YOU CAN KEEP YOUR HEAD WHEN ALL ABOUT YOUARE LOSING THEIRS AND BLAMING IT ON YOU,IF YOU CAN TRUST YOURSELF WHEN ALL MEN DOUBT YOU,BUT MAKE ALLOWANCE FOR THEIR DOUBTING TOO;

• IF YOU CAN WAIT AND NOT BE TIRED BY WAITING,OR BEING LIED ABOUT, DON’T DEAL IN LIES,OR BEING HATED, DON’T GIVE WAY TO HATING,AND YET DON’T LOOK TOO GOOD, NOR TALK TOO WISE:

IF – 1895 – VERSE 3, 4

• IF YOU CAN DREAM—AND NOT MAKE DREAMS YOUR MASTER;IF YOU CAN THINK—AND NOT MAKE THOUGHTS YOUR AIM;IF YOU CAN MEET WITH TRIUMPH AND DISASTERAND TREAT THOSE TWO IMPOSTORS JUST THE SAME;

• IF YOU CAN BEAR TO HEAR THE TRUTH YOU’VE SPOKENTWISTED BY KNAVES TO MAKE A TRAP FOR FOOLS,OR WATCH THE THINGS YOU GAVE YOUR LIFE TO, BROKEN,AND STOOP AND BUILD ’EM UP WITH WORN-OUT TOOLS:

IF – 1895 – VERSE 5, 6

• IF YOU CAN MAKE ONE HEAP OF ALL YOUR WINNINGSAND RISK IT ON ONE TURN OF PITCH-AND-TOSS,AND LOSE, AND START AGAIN AT YOUR BEGINNINGSAND NEVER BREATHE A WORD ABOUT YOUR LOSS;

• IF YOU CAN FORCE YOUR HEART AND NERVE AND SINEWTO SERVE YOUR TURN LONG AFTER THEY ARE GONE,AND SO HOLD ON WHEN THERE IS NOTHING IN YOUEXCEPT THE WILL WHICH SAYS TO THEM: “HOLD ON!”

IF – 1895 – VERSE 7, 8

• IF YOU CAN TALK WITH CROWDS AND KEEP YOUR VIRTUE,OR WALK WITH KINGS—NOR LOSE THE COMMON TOUCH,IF NEITHER FOES NOR LOVING FRIENDS CAN HURT YOU,IF ALL MEN COUNT WITH YOU, BUT NONE TOO MUCH;

• IF YOU CAN FILL THE UNFORGIVING MINUTEWITH SIXTY SECONDS’ WORTH OF DISTANCE RUN,YOURS IS THE EARTH AND EVERYTHING THAT’S IN IT,AND—WHICH IS MORE—YOU’LL BE A MAN, MY SON!

THE END

• THIS PRESENTATION WON’T BE ENDED AS WELL WITHOUT MENTIONING THE IMPERIALISTIC IDEAS OF KIPLING. THE LITERARY CRITIC DOUGLAS KERR WROTE:

• "HE IS STILL AN AUTHOR WHO CAN INSPIRE PASSIONATE DISAGREEMENT AND HIS PLACE IN LITERARY AND CULTURAL HISTORY IS FAR FROM SETTLED. BUT AS THE AGE OF THE EUROPEAN EMPIRES RECEDES, HE IS RECOGNIZED AS AN INCOMPARABLE, IF CONTROVERSIAL, INTERPRETER OF HOW EMPIRE WAS EXPERIENCED. THAT, AND AN INCREASING RECOGNITION OF HIS EXTRAORDINARY NARRATIVE GIFTS, MAKE HIM A FORCE TO BE RECKONED WITH."

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

•THE PRESENTATION WAS MADE BY LOGVINENKO DENIS, 9D