rtmon iea 04jun09 - · pdf filemonitoring well performance: ... to supervisory control and...
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Integrated real time monitoring workflows
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Guillemette Picard, Laurent Jammes, Schlumberger Carbon Services
Christophe Champagnon, Grenoble Technical Product Center,
IEA- 5th monitoring network– 4th June 2009
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Agenda
• Why Monitoring in Real-Time? – the Example of Underground Gas
Storage
• Real-Time Monitoring Workflows for CO2 Storage
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• Conclusion
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Mature technology for Underground Gas Storage
Wells and reservoir are submitted to repeated injection and withdrawal of natural gas, that
are seasonal (France) or adjusted to the faster varying demand (California)
• Risk management and performance optimization are crucial, in terms of safety
and value of the storage.
• Automated integration of data at different time scale, that include reactive
measures at very short time scales.
•Stream of continuous data from different types of sensors is conditioned,
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•Stream of continuous data from different types of sensors is conditioned,
interpreted and stored in an automated and systematized way.
• Manual interpretation is also possible
• Well or surface sensors.
• Examples:
Short term workflows: reactive
Monitoring well performance: Continuous calculation of the mechanical skin factor, and
non darcy flow coefficient from BH &WH pressure and temperature, flow rate
Long term workflows: Optimization of the volume of the cushion gas
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Application to CO2 storage
• Motivations
– Extension of an existing technology (smart wells, …)
– Systematized conditioning, interpreting & storing the continuous stream of data
–Control of injection operations (surveillance and diagnostics)
– Related to site performance: capacity, injectivity, integrity
– For accounting and reporting
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– For accounting and reporting
– Ensure maximum safety of operations with fast-loop controls
• First steps in the data integration process
Integrated workflows with a turn around time between several minutes to one day
• No experience, therefore:
Caution on systematic integration, no excessive automation, care on “alarms”
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CO2 Storage Monitoring by objectives
AssuranceMonitoring
� Potable water quality
� Soils acidity/ Seawater purity
� Atmospheric concentration
� Ecosystems monitoring
Impact: HSE monitoringInjection operation control
�Wellhead pressure
� Bottomhole pressure, Temperature
� Injection rate & transport sensors
� Microseismicity
� Annulus pressure
� Corrosion
� Cement
� Soil gas measurements
Cap Rock / Fault Integrity Detection of leakage
VerificationMonitoring
OperationalMonitoring
Well Integrity
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CO2 displacement & fate
� Geophysics techniques
� Pressure, Temperature
�Well logs (CO2 Saturation)
� Sampling
� Geodetic methods
Quantification of leaks
� Soil gas measurements
�Surface gas measurements
�…
Quantification of injected CO2
� Mass flow
� Gas stream composition
and phase
� Microseismicity
� Pressure interference
� Sampling & chemical analysis
� Geophysics techniques
� Pressure interference
� Soil gas measurements
� Vegetation stress
� Eddy correlation tower
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Integrating the data at different time scales
Injection operation control
CO2 displacement & fate
Well Integrity
Cap Rock / Fault Integrity
Quantification of injected CO2
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minutes, hours yearsmonthsdays
Detection of leakage
Impact: HSE monitoring
Quantification of leaks
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Workflows for real time monitoring
• Optimization of the injection operations
• Integrity of the injection well & Integrity of the reservoir
• Counting the CO2 injected
• Health, Safety and environment monitoring
Combination of sensors (site specific): Manual Reactions
(not systematized at this stage)
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• Wellhead and bottomhole sensors
pressure, temperature, chemicals
microseismicity, …
• Surface sensors for the subsurfacenetwork of electric, microseismic, …
•Near surface and atmospheric gas
sensors
Output from other workflows
(not systematized at this stage)
• Modification of the injection rate
(increase, decrease or stop)
•Trigger ancillary modeling or simulating
•Intensify monitoring: frequency of
exisiting measurements, deployment of
other sensors
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Example: System Architecture
“REAL TIME”
Data Acquisition,
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Data Acquisition,
Mid Loop Tool Control,
Data Transfer,
Performance Monitoring
Tool Configuration,
Fast Loop Data Acquisition
& Tool Control,
Safety features
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sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2
“Sensor screen”
Mock up
sensor 1
Injection
well
integrity
Injection
Optim.
For each sensor:
-Display measurements
-Set alerts,…
- …
Each workflow fulfills a
monitoring objective by
combining appropriate
measurements
Alarm Messages
Event Messages
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Counting
CO2 stored.
HSE
monitoring
Reservoir
integrity
integrity
Real Time Data
Measurements
assembled by
topics
Real time and
historical trending
Computed Real
Time KPIs
System Overview
Real Time
Parameters
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Injection operations optimization
sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2
Mock up
sensor 1
Injection
Optim.
pressu
re
Flow
rate
Bottomhole P
Q
wellHead P
temperatu
re
wellHead T
Downhole T
Temp profile
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Q
temperatu
re
time
Downhole T
Pressu
re
temperature
Crossplot
Wellhead
Bottomhole
time
downhole pressure : 1223,3
Wellhead flowrate : 43214
…
Microseismicity ?
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Injection well integrity
sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2
Mock up
sensor 1
pressu
re
Flow
rate
Bottomhole P
Q
wellHead P
temperatu
re
wellHead T
Downhole T
DTS TInjection
well
integrity
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Q
timetime
downhole pressure : 1223,3
Annular pressure : XXXX
Wellhead flowrate : 4321
STD from DTS profile : XX
integrity
Annular
pressu
res
Annulus 1
Annulus 2
time
Microseismicity ?
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Reservoir Integrity
sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2
Mock up
sensor 1
pressu
re
Downhole P
Westbay P
Pressu
re 2-10
Crossplot
Westbay pressures
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time
Downhole P
10
Pressure 11-13
Mseismic event time density : 43214
…
Reservoir
integrity
time
Westbay T 8 to 13
temperatu
re
Microseismicity ?
Alerts from well integrity workflow
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Accounting CO2 stored
sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2
Mock up
sensor 1
time
Flow
rate
Q
Stream purity : 99%
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time
time
Cum
ulatire Q since t0
Stream purity : 99%
Cumulative insce t0 : XXXX
T0 = 1er December 2009 …
Counting
CO2 stored
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From Tools and Sensors…
Tools providing Process Data, Housekeeping Data and receiving
Configuration and Control Requests
PhaseMeter
Subsea Data Hub (SDH)
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Electric and Hydraulic Valves (FCV)
P/T Gauges (Electric
and Optic)
DTS / Temperature Array Sensor (or Flux)
FloWatchers (FWD)
Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP)
Hub (SDH)
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… to Remote Terminal Units (RTU)…
Proprietary Protocols
(FSK, Wellnet, …)
SLB Equipment like UniConn, ARConn,… or Industrial Programmable Logic Control (PLC) with
proper software providing:
Tool Configuration,Fast Loop Data Acquisition & Tool Control, Safety
features
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… to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems…
SLB Products providing on requests:
Data Acquisition, Mid Loop Tool Control, Alarms &
Events Management, Data Exchange/Transfer, Condition and
Performance Monitoring
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… to Remote Operation Support Centers (OSC)
Customer or SLB Products providing on requests:
Data Historian, Data Analysis for Surveillance & Optimization, Slow Loop Remote Tool Control,
Lan, Satelite, GPRS, etc…
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Conclusion
• Real time monitoring allows improving risk management and performance
optimization – it is the first step in data integration workflows
• Benefits have already been demonstrated in other industrial processes,
including Underground Gas Storage and Oil & Gas production
• The architecture of the overall system and the combination of sensors will be
site specific
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site specific
• Real time monitoring implies to indentify
– Fast turn-around time workflows with clear objectives
– The combination of parameters / measurements to allow a quick diagnostic of
“irregularities”
– Real-time display and appropriate data storage
• Further steps: systematization of some “slow workflow” and interactions
between fast and slow loops18