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RSMeans® Site Work &Landscape Cost Data 2015

RSMeans Site Work & Landscape Cost Data 2015

34th Annual Edition

Completely updated for 2015!Improve project planning and budgeting with this all-inclusive cost guide—the ideal resource for anyone involved in site work and landscape design, construction, engineering, construction management, or consulting. Get the most reliable cost information on materials, equipment, and labor to develop more accurate estimates for your projects.

Find unit and assemblies costs, along with detailed reference information for all types of site work and landscape projects, including earthwork, sewerage, piped utilities, drainage, paving, street repairs, underground tanks, railroad and marine work, walls, and more.

Your 2015 cost guide features: New! Stormwater management and rock excavation

section

Updated pricing for more than 19,800 unit costs and 4,000 assemblies costs covering the latest materials

Sample assemblies and unit price estimates in both print and electronic format to guide customization and improve accuracy

Customizable electronic estimating forms on the book’s dedicated website

City Cost Indexes and Location Factors for more than 930 U.S. and Canadian locations to get accurate costs for your specifi c region

Updated equipment rental costs, crew size projections, labor-hour estimates, and labor rates

A comprehensive, detailed reference information section

Plus:Receive free quarterly cost index and key material price updates for a full year!

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RSMeans Catalog No. 60285

ISBN 978-1-940238-92-0Construction: Technical/Professional

UNIT PRICES (organized in MasterFormat® 2014)

1 General Requirements2 Existing Conditions3 Concrete4 Masonry5 Metals6 Wood, Plastics

& Composites7 Thermal & Moisture

Protection8 Openings

9 Finishes10 Specialties11 Equipment12 Furnishings13 Special Construction22 Plumbing23 Heating, Ventilating

& Air Conditioning26 Electrical27 Communications

31 Earthwork32 Exterior Improvements33 Utilities34 Transportation35 Waterway & Marine41 Material Processing &

Handling Equipment46 Water & Wastewater

Equipment

ASSEMBLIESA SubstructureD ServicesG Building Sitework

34th annual edition

Copyright RSMeans 2015

$199.95 per copy (in United States)Price is subject to change without prior notice.0285

The authors, editors, and engineers of RSMeans apply diligence and judgment in locating and using reliable sources for the information published. However, RSMeans makes no express or implied warranty or guarantee in connection with the content of the information contained herein, including the accuracy, correctness, value, suffi ciency, or completeness of the data, methods, and other information contained herein. RSMeans makes no express or implied warranty of merchantability or fi tness for a particular purpose. RSMeans shall have no liability to any customer or third party for any loss, expense, or damage, including consequential, incidental, special, or punitive damage, including lost profi ts or lost revenue, caused directly or indirectly by any error or omission, or arising out of, or in connection with, the information contained herein. For the purposes of this paragraph, “RSMeans” shall include RS Means Company LLC, and its divisions, subsidiaries,

successors, parent companies, and their employees, partners, principals, agents and representatives, and any third-party providers or sources of information or data.No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in an information storage or retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or scanning, without prior written permission of RSMeans. The cost data contained in this publication is valuable and proprietary information of RSMeans and others, and there is no transfer to you of any ownership rights in the cost data or any license granted to you to create derivative works based on or which utilize the cost data.

RSMeansConstruction Publishers & Consultants700 Longwater DriveNorwell, MA 02061United States of America1-877-737-1594www.rsmeans.com

Copyright 2014 by RSMeansAll rights reserved.Cover photo © Samuel Borges/iStock/Thinkstock

Printed in the United States of AmericaISSN 1520-5320ISBN 978-1-940238-66-1

Genevieve MedeirosMelville J. Mossman, PE (21, 22, 23)Jeannene D. MurphyMarilyn Phelan, AIA (9, 10, 11, 12)Stephen C. Plotner (3, 5)Siobhan Soucie (4, 13)

Vice President Data & EngineeringChris Anderson

Cover DesignSara Rutan

Product ManagerAndrea Sillah

Production ManagerDebbie Panarelli

ProductionJill GoodmanJonathan Forgit Sara RutanMary Lou Geary

Technical SupportGary L. HoittKathryn S. Rodriguez

Engineering DirectorBob Mewis, CCC (1, 14, 41)

Contributing EditorsChristopher Babbitt

Adrian C. Charest, PE (26, 27, 28, 48)

Cheryl Elsmore

Robert Fortier, PE (2, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 44, 46) Robert J. Kuchta (8)Thomas Lane (6, 7)Robert C. McNichols

*Numbers in italics are the divisional responsibilities for each editor. Please contact the designated editor directly with any questions.

Robert Fortier, PE, Senior Editor

This book is printed on 50% recycled paperusing soy-based ink and is entirely recyclable.

34th annual edition


Table ofContents

Foreword iv How the Book Is Built: An Overview v Absolute Essentials for a Quick Start vi Estimating with RSMeans Unit Price Cost Data vii How to Use the Book: The Details ix Unit Price Section 1 Assemblies Section 541Reference Section 697 Construction Equipment Rental Costs 709 Crew Listings 711 Historical Cost Indexes 747 City Cost Indexes 748 Location Factors 791 Reference Tables 797 Change Orders 848 Square Foot Costs 851 Abbreviations 861

Index 865 Other RSMeans Products and Services 888 Labor Trade Rates includingOverhead & Profit Inside Back Cover

iii


UNIT PRICE TOC

Unit PriceSection

General Requirements01 11 Summary of Work .............................. 1001 21 Allowances .......................................... 1001 31 Project Management

and Coordination ................................ 1101 32 Construction Progress

Documentation ................................... 1301 41 Regulatory Requirements .................. 1401 45 Quality Control .................................. 1401 51 Temporary Utilities ............................ 1601 52 Construction Facilities ....................... 1701 54 Construction Aids .............................. 1801 55 Vehicular Access and Parking ........... 2101 56 Temporary Barriers and Enclosures .. 2101 58 Project Identification .......................... 2301 71 Examination and Preparation ............ 2301 74 Cleaning and Waste Management .... 2301 76 Protecting Installed Construction ..... 2301 91 Commissioning ................................... 24

Existing Conditions02 21 Surveys ................................................ 2602 32 Geotechnical Investigations .............. 2602 41 Demolition .......................................... 2702 42 Removal and Salvage

of Construction Materials ................. 4402 43 Structure Moving ................................ 4702 56 Site containment ................................ 4702 58 Snow Control ...................................... 4802 65 Underground Storage Tank Rmvl. .... 4802 81 Transportation and Disposal

of Hazardous Materials ...................... 4902 91 Chemical Sampling, Testing

and Analysis ........................................ 50Concrete

03 01 Maintenance of Concrete .................. 5203 05 Common Work Results

for Concrete ........................................ 5203 11 Concrete Forming ............................... 5403 15 Concrete Accessories ......................... 6103 21 Reinforcement Bars ............................ 6903 22 Fabric and Grid Reinforcing .............. 7303 23 Stressed Tendon Reinforcing ............. 7303 24 Fibrous Reinforcing ............................ 7403 30 Cast-In-Place Concrete ....................... 7503 31 Structural Concrete ............................ 7703 35 Concrete Finishing ............................. 7903 37 Specialty Placed Concrete ................. 8103 39 Concrete Curing ................................. 8203 41 Precast Structural Concrete ............... 8303 45 Precast Architectural Concrete ......... 8303 47 Site-Cast Concrete .............................. 8403 48 Precast Concrete Specialties .............. 8403 53 Concrete Topping ............................... 8403 54 Cast Underlayment ............................ 8503 62 Non-Shrink Grouting ......................... 8503 63 Epoxy Grouting ................................... 8503 81 Concrete Cutting ................................ 8603 82 Concrete Boring .................................. 86

Masonry04 01 Maintenance of Masonry ................... 9004 05 Common Work Results

for Masonry ......................................... 9004 21 Clay Unit Masonry ............................. 9504 22 Concrete Unit Masonry ..................... 9704 27 Multiple-Wythe Unit Masonry ......... 10204 41 Dry-Placed Stone ................................ 10204 43 Stone Masonry .................................... 10204 54 Refractory Brick Masonry .................. 10604 57 Masonry Fireplaces ............................. 10604 72 Cast Stone Masonry ........................... 107

Metals05 01 Maintenance of Metals ...................... 11005 05 Common Work Results for Metals ... 11005 12 Structural Steel Framing .................... 11405 15 Wire Rope Assemblies ....................... 11805 21 Steel Joist Framing .............................. 12105 31 Steel Decking ...................................... 12205 35 Raceway Decking Assemblies ........... 12305 51 Metal Stairs ......................................... 12305 52 Metal Railings ..................................... 12405 53 Metal Gratings .................................... 12505 54 Metal Floor Plates .............................. 12705 55 Metal Stair Treads and Nosings ........ 12805 56 Metal Castings .................................... 13005 58 Formed Metal Fabrications ................ 13005 71 Decorative Metal Stairs ..................... 13005 73 Decorative Metal Railings ................. 131

Wood, Plastics & Composites06 05 Common Work Results for Wood,

Plastics, and Composites ................... 13406 11 Wood Framing ..................................... 13406 13 Heavy Timber Construction ............. 13506 18 Glued-Laminated Construction ........ 13606 44 Ornamental Woodwork ..................... 137

Thermal & Moisture Protection07 01 Operation and Maint. of Thermal

and Moisture Protection .................... 14007 11 Dampproofing ..................................... 14007 12 Built-up Bituminous Waterproofing .. 14107 13 Sheet Waterproofing ........................... 14107 16 Cementitious and Reactive

Waterproofing ...................................... 14207 17 Bentonite Waterproofing .................... 14207 19 Water Repellents ................................. 14207 21 Thermal Insulation ............................. 14207 25 Weather Barriers ................................. 14307 26 Vapor Retarders ................................... 14407 31 Shingles and Shakes ........................... 14407 32 Roof Tiles ............................................ 14507 41 Roof Panels .......................................... 14507 42 Wall Panels .......................................... 14607 46 Siding ................................................... 14707 51 Built-Up Bituminous Roofing ............ 14907 65 Flexible Flashing ................................. 15007 71 Roof Specialties ................................... 15007 72 Roof Accessories ................................. 15307 76 Roof Pavers .......................................... 15307 81 Applied Fireproofing ........................... 15307 91 Preformed Joint Seals ......................... 15307 92 Joint Sealants ...................................... 15407 95 Expansion Control .............................. 155

Openings08 05 Common Work Results

for Openings ........................................ 15808 12 Metal Frames ...................................... 15908 13 Metal Doors ........................................ 15908 14 Wood Doors ......................................... 16008 31 Access Doors and Panels ................... 16108 32 Sliding Glass Doors ............................ 16108 34 Special Function Doors ...................... 16208 36 Panel Doors ......................................... 16208 41 Entrances and Storefronts .................. 16208 42 Entrances ............................................. 16308 43 Storefronts ........................................... 16308 44 Curtain Wall and Glazed

Assemblies .......................................... 16308 51 Metal Windows ................................... 16308 52 Wood Windows ................................... 16408 71 Door Hardware ................................... 16508 75 Window Hardware .............................. 166

08 81 Glass Glazing ...................................... 16608 83 Mirrors ................................................. 16708 88 Special Function Glazing ................... 167

Finishes09 05 Common Work Results

for Finishes .......................................... 17009 21 Plaster and Gypsum Board

Assemblies .......................................... 17109 23 Gypsum Plastering ............................. 17109 24 Cement Plastering .............................. 17209 26 Veneer Plastering ................................ 17209 29 Gypsum Board .................................... 17209 30 Tiling .................................................... 17309 34 Waterproofing-Membrane Tiling ....... 17309 51 Acoustical Ceilings ............................ 17409 63 Masonry Flooring ................................ 17409 65 Resilient Flooring ............................... 17409 66 Terrazzo Flooring ................................ 17509 91 Painting ................................................ 17509 96 High-Performance Coatings .............. 17609 97 Special Coatings .................................. 177

Specialties10 05 Common Work Results

for Specialties ...................................... 18010 13 Directories ........................................... 18010 14 Signage ................................................. 18010 22 Partitions ............................................. 18110 26 Wall and Door Protection .................. 18210 44 Fire Protection Specialties ................. 18210 57 Wardrobe and Closet Specialties ....... 18310 73 Protective Covers ............................... 18310 74 Manufactured Exterior Specialties .... 18410 75 Flagpoles .............................................. 18410 88 Scales ................................................... 185

Equipment11 11 Vehicle Service Equipment ................ 18811 12 Parking Control Equipment .............. 18811 13 Loading Dock Equipment .................. 18911 14 Pedestrian Control Equipment .......... 18911 66 Athletic Equipment ............................ 18911 68 Play Field Equipment and

Structures ............................................ 19011 82 Facility Solid Waste Handling

Equipment ........................................... 191Furnishings

12 23 Interior Shutters .................................. 19412 48 Rugs and Mats .................................... 19412 92 Interior Planters and Artificial

Plants ................................................... 19412 93 Interior Public Space Furnishings ..... 198

Special Construction13 05 Common Work Results for Special

Construction ....................................... 20013 11 Swimming Pools ................................. 20113 12 Fountains ............................................. 20213 18 Ice Rinks .............................................. 20213 31 Fabric Structures ................................. 20313 34 Fabricated Engineered Structures ...... 20413 47 Facility Protection .............................. 20913 53 Meteorological Instrumentation ....... 209

Plumbing22 01 Operation and Maintenance

of Plumbing ......................................... 21222 05 Common Work Results

for Plumbing ....................................... 21222 11 Facility Water Distribution ............... 21722 12 Facility Potable-Water

Storage Tanks ...................................... 23422 13 Facility Sanitary Sewerage ................. 234

Sect. No. Page Sect. No. Page Sect. No. PageTable of Contents

1


22 14 Facility Storm Drainage ..................... 24422 41 Residential Plumbing Fixtures .......... 24622 47 Drinking Fountains

and Water Coolers .............................. 24622 51 Swimming Pool Plumbing Systems .. 24722 52 Fountain Plumbing Systems .............. 24722 66 Chemical-Waste Systems for Lab.

and Healthcare Facilities ................... 247Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning

23 05 Common Work Results for HVAC ... 25223 13 Facility Fuel-Storage Tanks ............... 25423 21 Hydronic Piping and Pumps .............. 25523 55 Fuel-Fired Heaters .............................. 256

Electrical26 05 Common Work Results

for Electrical ........................................ 25826 12 Medium-Voltage Transformers .......... 26726 24 Switchboards and Panelboards .......... 26726 27 Low-Voltage Distribution Equip. ...... 26726 28 Low-Voltage Circuit

Protective Devices .............................. 26826 32 Packaged Generator Assemblies ....... 26926 36 Transfer Switches ............................... 26926 51 Interior Lighting .................................. 27026 56 Exterior Lighting ................................. 27026 61 Lighting Systems and Accessories .... 275

Communications27 13 Communications Backbone

Cabling ................................................. 278Earthwork

31 05 Common Work Resultsfor Earthwork ...................................... 280

31 06 Schedules for Earthwork .................... 28031 11 Clearing and Grubbing ....................... 28131 13 Selective Tree and Shrub Removal

and Trimming ..................................... 28231 14 Earth Stripping and Stockpiling ........ 28331 22 Grading ................................................ 28431 23 Excavation and Fill ............................. 28431 25 Erosion and Sedimentation

Controls ............................................... 32531 31 Soil Treatment .................................... 32631 32 Soil Stabilization ................................. 32631 36 Gabions ................................................ 332

31 37 Riprap ................................................... 33231 41 Shoring ................................................. 33331 43 Concrete Raising ................................ 33431 45 Vibroflotation and Densification ...... 33431 48 Underpinning ...................................... 33431 52 Cofferdams .......................................... 33531 56 Slurry Walls ......................................... 33531 62 Driven Piles ......................................... 33631 63 Bored Piles ........................................... 347

Exterior Improvements32 01 Operation and Maintenance

of Exterior Improvements .................. 35232 06 Schedules for Exterior

Improvements ..................................... 36132 11 Base Courses ....................................... 36232 12 Flexible Paving .................................... 36432 13 Rigid Paving ........................................ 36732 14 Unit Paving ......................................... 36832 16 Curbs, Gutters, Sidewalks,

and Driveways .................................... 37032 17 Paving Specialties ............................... 37132 18 Athletic and Recreational Surfacing . 37432 31 Fences and Gates ................................ 37532 32 Retaining Walls ................................... 38432 33 Site Furnishings .................................. 38632 34 Fabricated Bridges ............................... 38732 35 Screening Devices ............................... 38832 84 Planting Irrigation .............................. 38832 91 Planting Preparation ........................... 39132 92 Turf and Grasses ................................. 39332 93 Plants ................................................... 39632 94 Planting Accessories ........................... 45732 96 Transplanting ...................................... 458

Utilities33 01 Operation and Maintenance

of Utilities ........................................... 46233 05 Common Work Results

for Utilities .......................................... 46733 11 Water Utility Distribution Piping ..... 46933 12 Water Utility Distribution Equip. ..... 47633 16 Water Utility Storage Tanks .............. 48033 21 Water Supply Wells ............................ 48133 31 Sanitary Utility Sewerage Piping ...... 48333 32 Wastewater Utility Pumping

Stations ................................................ 486

33 36 Utility Septic Tanks ........................... 48733 41 Storm Utility Drainage Piping .......... 48933 42 Culverts ............................................... 49333 44 Storm Utility Water Drains ............... 49433 46 Subdrainage ......................................... 49533 47 Ponds and Reservoirs ......................... 49733 49 Storm Drainage Structures ................ 49733 51 Natural-Gas Distribution ................... 49933 52 Liquid Fuel Distribution .................... 50133 61 Hydronic Energy Distribution ........... 50233 63 Steam Energy Distribution ................ 50533 71 Electrical Utility Transmission

and Distribution ................................. 50833 81 Communications Structures ............. 512

Transportation34 01 Operation and Maintenance

of Transportation ................................ 51434 11 Rail Tracks .......................................... 51534 41 Roadway Signaling and Control

Equipment ........................................... 51634 71 Roadway Construction ...................... 51634 72 Railway Construction ........................ 518

Waterway & Marine35 01 Operation and Maint. of Waterway

and Marine Construction .................. 52235 20 Waterway and Marine Construction

and Equipment .................................... 52535 31 Shoreline Protection ........................... 52735 49 Waterway Structures .......................... 52735 51 Floating Construction ........................ 52835 59 Marine Specialties .............................. 529

Material Processing & Handling Equipment41 21 Conveyors ............................................ 53241 22 Cranes and Hoists .............................. 532

Water and Wastewater Equipment46 07 Packaged Water and Wastewater

Treatment Equipment ........................ 53446 23 Grit Removal And Handling

Equipment ........................................... 53446 25 Oil and Grease Separation

and Removal Equipment ................... 53546 51 Air and Gas Diffusion Equipment .... 53546 53 Biological Treatment Systems ........... 539

Table of Contents (cont.)Sect. No. Page Sect. No. Page Sect. No. Page

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541

AssembliesSection

A SUBSTRUCTURE

A1010 Standard FoundationsA1010 110 Strip Footings ............................................................................. 550A1010 210 Spread Footings .......................................................................... 551A1010 250 Pile Caps ..................................................................................... 552A1010 310 Foundation Underdrain ............................................................. 554A1010 320 Foundation Dampproofing ........................................................ 555

A1020 Special FoundationsA1020 110 C.I.P. Concrete Piles .................................................................. 556A1020 120 Precast Concrete Piles ............................................................... 558A1020 130 Steel Pipe Piles ........................................................................... 560A1020 140 Steel H Piles ............................................................................... 562A1020 150 Step-Tapered Steel Piles ............................................................ 564A1020 160 Treated Wood Piles .................................................................... 565A1020 210 Grade Beams .............................................................................. 567A1020 310 Caissons ...................................................................................... 568A1020 710 Pressure Injected Footings ........................................................ 569

A1030 Slab on GradeA1030 120 Plain & Reinforced .................................................................... 570

A2010 Basement ExcavationA2010 110 Building Excavation & Backfill ................................................ 571

A2020 Basement WallsA2020 110 Walls, Cast in Place ................................................................... 573A2020 150 Wood Wall Foundations ............................................................ 576

D3050 Terminal & Package UnitsD3050 248 Geothermal Heat Pump System .............................................. 578

G BUILDING SITEWORK

G1010 Site ClearingG1010 120 Clear & Grub Site ...................................................................... 582G1010 122 Strip Topsoil ............................................................................... 583

G1020 Site Demolitions and RelocationsG1020 205 Remove Underground Water Pipe Including Earthwork ....... 584G1020 206 Remove Underground Sewer Pipe Including Earthwork ....... 587G1020 210 Demolition Bituminous Sidewalk ........................................... 589G1020 212 Demolition Concrete Sidewalk ................................................ 589

G1030 Site EarthworkG1030 105 Cut & Fill Gravel ...................................................................... 590G1030 110 Excavate and Haul Sand & Gravel ........................................... 592G1030 115 Cut & Fill Common Earth ....................................................... 594G1030 120 Excavate and Haul Common Earth ......................................... 596G1030 125 Cut & Fill Clay .......................................................................... 598G1030 130 Excavate and Haul Clay ............................................................ 600G1030 150 Load & Haul Rock ..................................................................... 602G1030 160 Excavate and Haul Sandy Clay/Loam ..................................... 603

G1030 205 Gravel Backfill ........................................................................... 604G1030 210 Common Earth Backfill ............................................................ 606G1030 215 Clay Backfill ............................................................................... 608G1030 220 Sandy Clay/Loam Backfill ........................................................ 610G1030 805 Trenching Common Earth ........................................................ 612G1030 806 Trenching Loam & Sandy Clay ................................................ 614G1030 807 Trenching Sand & Gravel ......................................................... 616G1030 815 Pipe Bedding ............................................................................... 618

G2010 RoadwaysG2010 230 Bituminous Roadways Gravel Base ......................................... 620G2010 232 Bituminous Roadways Crushed Stone .................................... 623

G2020 Parking LotsG2020 210 Parking Lots Gravel Base .......................................................... 626G2020 212 Parking Lots Crushed Stone ..................................................... 627G2020 214 Parking Lots With Handicap & Lighting ................................. 628

G2030 Pedestrian PavingG2030 110 Bituminous Sidewalks ............................................................... 632G2030 120 Concrete Sidewalks ................................................................... 633G2030 150 Brick & Tile Plazas .................................................................... 634G2030 310 Stairs ........................................................................................... 636

G2040 Site DevelopmentG2040 210 Concrete Retaining Walls ......................................................... 638G2040 220 Masonry Retaining Walls .......................................................... 639G2040 230 Wood Post Retaining Walls ...................................................... 640G2040 240 Post & Board Retaining Walls .................................................. 641G2040 250 Wood Tie Retaining Walls ........................................................ 642G2040 260 Stone Retaining Walls ............................................................... 643G2040 270 Gabion Retaining Walls ............................................................ 645G2040 910 Wood Decks ............................................................................... 647G2040 920 Swimming Pools ........................................................................ 648G2040 990 Site Development Components for Buildings ........................ 649

G2050 LandscapingG2050 410 Lawns & Ground Cover ............................................................ 651G2050 710 Site Irrigation ............................................................................. 653G2050 720 Site Irrigation ............................................................................. 656G2050 910 Tree Pits ...................................................................................... 657

G3010 Water SupplyG3010 121 Water Service, Lead Free ........................................................... 659G3010 122 Waterline (Common Earth Excavation) ................................... 661G3010 124 Waterline (Loam & Sandy Clay Excavation) ........................... 664G3010 410 Fire Hydrants .............................................................................. 667

G3020 Sanitary SewerG3020 112 Sewerline (Common Earth Excavation) ................................... 669G3020 114 Sewerline (loam & sandy clay excavation) ............................. 671G3020 302 Septic Systems ........................................................................... 673G3020 730 Secondary Sewage Lagoon ......................................................... 675

Table of ContentsTable No. Page Table No. Page


543

G3020 740 Blower System for Wastewater Aeration ................................. 677

G3030 Storm SewerG3030 210 Manholes & Catch Basins ........................................................ 678G3030 310 Headwalls ................................................................................... 680G3030 610 Stormwater Management (costs per CF of stormwater) ........ 682

G3060 Fuel DistributionG3060 112 Gasline (Common Earth Excavation) ...................................... 683

G4010 Electrical DistributionG4010 312 Underground Power Feed .......................................................... 686G4010 320 Underground Electrical Conduit .............................................. 687

G4020 Site LightingG4020 110 Site Lighting ............................................................................... 690G4020 210 Light Pole (Installed) .................................................................. 692

G9020 Site Repair & MaintenanceG9020 100 Clean and Wrap Marine Piles ................................................... 693

Table of ContentsTable No. Page Table No. Page


All the reference information is in one section,making it easy to find what you need to know. . . and easy to use the book on a daily basis. Thissection is visually identified by a vertical blackbar on the page edges.In this Reference Section, we’ve includedEquipment Rental Costs, a listing of rental andoperating costs; Crew Listings, a full listingof all crews and equipment, and their costs;Historical Cost Indexes for cost comparisonsover time; City Cost Indexes and LocationFactors for adjusting costs to the region youare in; Reference Tables, where you will findexplanations, estimating information andprocedures, or technical data; Change Orders,information on pricing changes to contractdocuments; Square Foot Costs that allow youto make a rough estimate for the overall cost ofa project; and an explanation of all theAbbreviations in the book.

Table of ContentsConstruction EquipmentRental Costs 699

Crew Listings 711

Historical Cost Indexes 747

City Cost Indexes 748

Location Factors 791

Reference Tables 797R01 General Requirements.......................... 797R02 Existing Conditions .............................. 808R03 Concrete................................................. 810R04 Masonry ................................................. 817R05 Metals .................................................... 820R06 Wood, Plastics & Composites ............. 827R08 Openings................................................ 827R09 Finishes .................................................. 828R13 Special Construction ............................ 829

Reference Tables (cont.)

R22 Plumbing ............................................... 830R23 Heating, Ventilating &

Air Conditioning................................... 834R26 Electrical ................................................ 836R31 Earthwork .............................................. 839R32 Exterior Improvements......................... 843R33 Utilities.................................................. 846R34 Transportation....................................... 847

Change Orders 848

Square Foot Costs 851

Abbreviations 861

ReferenceSection

697


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