routing & switchings3.disclaimer this publication, gradedlabs r&s rack rental access guide,...

Routing & Switching

Rack Rental Access Guide

Editor: Stephen Satchell

Version 1.1

Copyright InformationCopyright Information

Copyright © 2010 Graded Labs, LLC. All rights reserved.

This publication, GradedLabs R&S Rack Rental Access Guide, Version 1.1, was developed by Graded Labs, LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the prior written permission from Graded Labs, LLC.

Cisco®, Cisco Systems®, CCIE, CCNA, CCENT, and Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert, are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc., and its affiliates in the United States and certain countries.

All other products and company names mentioned in this Guide are the trademarks, registered trademarks, and service marks of the respective owners. Throughout this Access Guide, Graded Labs, LLC has used its best efforts to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive name by following the capitalization styles used by the manufacturer.

DisclaimerDisclaimer

This publication, GradedLabs R&S Rack Rental Access Guide, Version 1.1, is designed to assist candidates in their preparation for the Cisco Systems’ Routing & Switching Certification Exam.

The enclosed material is presented to you on an “as is” basis. Every effort has been taken to ensure that all material contained in this Guide is complete and accurate. The contributors, editor, and Graded Labs, LLC assume no liability or responsibility to any person or entity with respect to loss or damages incurred by using the information contained in this Access Guide.

This Access Guide was developed by Graded Labs, LLC and is an original work of the aforementioned editor and contributors. Any similarities between material presented in this guide and actual Cisco® exam material is completely coincidental.

We apologize if this document contains any errors or omissions. Please send your comments and corrections to [email protected].

Table of Contents

Section 1. Introduction....................................................................................................1 1.1. Rack Reservation Confirmation Letter......................................................................................1 1.2. Lab Rack Access Overview.......................................................................................................1 1.3. Session Activity Overview........................................................................................................2

Section 2. Lab Rack Wiring Diagram............................................................................3 2.1. Physical LAN cabling...............................................................................................................3 2.2. Physical WAN Cabling..............................................................................................................3

Section 3. Getting Started At Your Location.................................................................4 3.1. Minimum Necessary Equipment...............................................................................................4 3.2. Optional Equipment and Software............................................................................................4 3.3. Firewall Information..................................................................................................................4

Section 4. Loading Initial Configurations.....................................................................5

Section 5. Accessing Routers and Etherswitches..........................................................8 5.1. Single TELNET connection to multiple devices.......................................................................8 5.2. Multiple TELNET Connections to Console Lines..................................................................11 5.3. Clearing a busy console line....................................................................................................13

Section 6. Power-Cycling Your Lab Rack Devices.....................................................15

Section 7. Saving Your Configurations For Later Reloading....................................16 7.1. Taking a Snapshot Of Your Current Work...............................................................................16 7.2. Loading a Saved Configuration...............................................................................................17

Appendix A. Downloading Product Configurations.............................................................................20

Appendix B. Downloading Your Saved Configurations.......................................................................21

Appendix C. Backbone Routers..............................................................................................................22

Section 1. IntroductionThis manual describes how to access all the feature of our Routing & Switching Lab Racks. Specifically, it details how to access each of the devices described below within the lab rack from your location, and how to use our automation system's customer control panels. Your R&S lab rack consists of:

• Six configurable routers• Four configurable Etherswitches• Three backbone routers (not configurable)• One access server for console port access to routers and switches

The document Internetwork Expert's CCIE Routing and Switching Hardware Specification describes how all these components are wired together. Section 2 provides a summary of the inter-device connections in an R&S Lab Rack.

Not included in this manual are details about the facilities to control an R&S Mock Lab session.

1.1. Rack Reservation Confirmation Letter

When you scheduled your R&S lab rack session, you received a confirmation e-mail message that includes (1) the date and time of your lab rack session, (2) authentication tokens for that lab rack session, and (3) useful links to information on how to effectively use the racks, including a link to this document. The authentication tokens are provided to you in a block that looks like this:

########### QUICK LOGIN INFORMATION ###########

Rack Time/Date: 06/26/2010 3:00 AM 8:30 AM PDT

Telnet Access Information: racks.ine.com You may use port 23 or 60023

Authentication: Username: rsrack42 Password: bc78ad

The user name and password are case-sensitive.

1.2. Lab Rack Access Overview

• The routers and Etherswitches are accessed using TELNET connections to the console command line interface (CLI) in each device.

GradedLabs R&S Rack Rental Access Guide version 1.1 – 1 – Copyright © 2010 GradedLabs, LLC

1.3. Session Activity Overview

Step 1. Load initial configurations into all configurable routers and Etherswitches. Step 2. Connect to the routers and Etherswitches in the lab rack to set configuration. Step 3. Test your set-up by using ping, traceroute, the various show commands, and debug

commands.

Repeat these steps, as appropriate, to adjust and test your configurations to fix problems and issues.

When using the INE R&S Workbooks, you will be instructed to clear all devices and load initial configurations from our database


Section 2. Lab Rack Wiring Diagram

2.1. Physical LAN cabling

2.2. Physical WAN Cabling


Section 3. Getting Started At Your LocationThis section describes the minimum equipment you need to effectively work the labs in our R&S workbooks.

3.1. Minimum Necessary Equipment

The minimum equipment you need at your location is a commodity computer with a Microsoft Windows operating system (XP, XP pro, or 7) or a Macintosh computer with the Mac OS X operating system. Verify you have suitable software installed that offer these services:

• TELNET client• Traceroute utility

Static IP address recommended: We strongly recommend you use an Internet connection at your location that utilizes a static IP address to link to your ISP. Students have successfully worked with our racks using services that lease IP addresses via DHCP; some students, though, have found that the ISP lease policies of the service they use cause frequent disconnections. Also, ISPs who give you a static IP address typically don't block the TCP ports you need to work with our racks.

Users of a local wireless access point need to verify that neither the access point(s) nor the uplink service are blocking necessary TCP ports as described in the subsection “Firewall Information” below.

3.2. Optional Equipment and Software

There is no optional equipment or software needed to effectively use our R&S Lab Racks.

3.3. Firewall Information

This section is provided for those people who run into trouble reaching our lab racks. In most cases, you should not need any of this information. The information here becomes extremely useful if you find yourself behind a corporate or hotel firewall, behind a personal firewall set to a mostly-closed configuration, or using an ISP with unusual characteristics.

TELNET access to our portal at racks.ine.com uses either port 23/TCP, or port 60023/TCP for those ISPs running mostly-open security configurations but block port 23/TCP.


Section 4. Loading Initial ConfigurationsOur rack automation system includes a method for clearing and loading router and Etherswitch initial configurations automatically. You do this from the GradedLabs control panel. To request a configuration load:

• Log into your members site account, at http://members.ine.com• Click on the gray “Rack Rentals” tab• Scroll down to “My Current and Future Rack Rental Sessions”• Find your current R&S rack session• Click on the link Control Panel >>. You should see this:


http://members.ine.com/

• Click on the button “Config Options” at the top of the white part of the window. You should see this:

• In the box “Load Product Configs”, use the pull-down list to select a configuration to load. A product configuration usually consists of a SKU code prefix for the product, the version, and the specific configuration. For the workbooks, the SKU codes are:

SKU code, version Workbook Product

iweb.rs.vol1-v5.0 R&S Workbook Volume 1



iweb.rs.vol4.v0.01 R&S Workbook Volume 4

There are two additional initial configurations that are called for in our workbooks:

• no.configuration : This initial configuration will return all configurable lab rack devices to their factory default state.

• ipv6.no.configuration : This initial configuration brings the configurable lab rack devices to their factory default state, and then conditions the Etherswitches to work with IPv6 addresses; this saves you from having to select the SDM (“Switch database management”) template in the Etherswitches for IPv6 and restart them manually.


• Press the button “Load config” that is in the “Load Product Config” box. (Do not press the similar button in the “Load My Configs” box.) The control panel will instruct the rack automation to erase all configurations from all configurable devices in the Lab Rack, and load the pre-defined configuration in its place. The process can take from 11 to 18 minutes, depending how much work the software must do to prepare the lab rack devices for the new configuration. During the loading process, our control panel will display the status of the load request.


Section 5. Accessing Routers and EtherswitchesRouters and Etherswitches are accessed using TELNET connections to the command line interface (CLI) of the devices. You have two options which can be, with limitations, mixed and matched:

• Single TELNET connection, accessing the lab rack access server's console, and using the access server's command line to telnet to each device

• Multiple TELNET connections, accessing the lab rack access server's direct line to the device

For more detailed instructions and examples for using the access server provided in our racks, see the class-on-demand video at http://classroom.internetworkexpert.com/p55597555/ for our recommended way of accessing the equipment.

5.1. Single TELNET connection to multiple devices

You establish a single connection through our TELNET portal to the R&S rack access server:

host$ telnet racks.ine.comTrying 75.140.41.59...Connected to racks.ine.com.Escape character is '^]'.

User Access Verification

Username: rsrack42Password: bc78ad

(you may need to press Enter a few times here)

RSRack42AS>


http://classroom.internetworkexpert.com/p55597555/





From here, you can access the console of almost any device in the rack. First, list the hosts available to you:

RSRack42AS>show hosts Default domain is not set Name/address lookup uses static mappings

Codes: UN unknown, EX expired, OK OK, ?? revalidate temp temporary, perm permanent NA Not Applicable None Not defined

Host Port Flags Age Type Address(es) SW4 2010 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 SW3 2009 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 BB1 2011 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 SW2 2008 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 R4 2004 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 R1 2001 (perm, OK) 19 IP 1.1.1.1 R6 2006 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 R2 2002 (perm, OK) 19 IP 1.1.1.1 R3 2003 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 R5 2005 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 SW1 2007 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 BB2 2012 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1 BB3 2013 (perm, OK) ** IP 1.1.1.1

Note the device names in the “Host” column: you can type any name from this list then hit “Enter”, and the access-server will reverse-telnet to the specific device. Hit “Enter” again to see the router prompt of the newly-connected device.

RSRack42AS>r1 Trying R1 (1.1.1.1, 2001)... Open

Rack42R1>

Press “Ctrl-Shift-6” (all at once) then release and press "x" to return back to the access-server prompt. Enter the special “w” command (“where”), which shows you the currently open sessions:

RSRack42AS>w Conn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name * 1 R1 1.1.1.1 0 0 R1

RSRack42AS>

Now you can open connection to another router, using its hostname from the list you get using the show host command.

RSRack42AS>r2Trying R2 (1.1.1.1, 2002)... Open

RSRack42R2#


Press “Ctrl-Shift-6, (then) x” again to return back to the access-server prompt. Now the “w” command reveals two active connections:

RSRack42AS>w Conn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 R1 1.1.1.1 0 0 R1 * 2 R2 1.1.1.1 0 0 R2

Note the numbers in the “Conn” column: it’s the connection number for that connection. At the access-server prompt, you can enter the connection number to switch back to the respective router. For example, now you can enter “1” or “2” to switch back to R1 or R2. If you simply hit “Enter” at the access-server prompt, it resumes the last active connection (marked by the “*” sign in the “w” command output).

RSRack42AS>1 [Resuming connection 1 to R1 ... ]

Rack42R1#

When using the access-server with a single TELNET connection from your location, we recommend you open connections to all devices in the rack, and switch between them using “Ctrl-Shift-6-x” and then entering the connection number in the access-server prompt. When you finish opening all the connections, the output of the “w” command would look like this:

RSRack42AS>w Conn Host Address Byte Idle Conn Name 1 R1 1.1.1.1 0 0 R1 2 R2 1.1.1.1 0 2 R2 3 R3 1.1.1.1 0 0 R3 4 R4 1.1.1.1 0 0 R4 5 R5 1.1.1.1 0 0 R5 6 R6 1.1.1.1 0 0 R6 7 SW1 1.1.1.1 0 0 SW1 8 SW2 1.1.1.1 0 0 SW2 9 SW3 1.1.1.1 0 0 SW3 * 10 SW4 1.1.1.1 0 0 SW4

To locate certain problems, you have limited, read-only access to the backbone servers. If you look in the host table displayed at the beginning of this section, you will see three additional host names: “BB1”, “BB2”, and “BB3”. You use the same technique to access them as the other devices.

Note: do not become dependent on seeing information on the backbone routers; use this debug method as a last resort for your studies. During the actual certification exam, you do not have any access to the backbone routers in the exam's Test Lab Rack.


5.2. Multiple TELNET Connections to Console Lines

Flipping back and forth from device to device using the access server to do the multiplexing can become tiring, especially when you try to make a configuration change that affect two ends of the same link. Windows, Mac, and Linux users can have multiple windows open, each with a TELNET session. Modern versions of programs like Secure CRT offer tabbing, so that changing the focus to another device is a single mouse-click.

If you prefer that method of working with multiple devices, you start an instance of TELNET for each device on your computer. Within each instance, you log into the rack and the device:

window1$ telnet racks.ine.comTrying 75.140.41.59...Connected to racks.ine.com.Escape character is '^]'.


Username: rsrack42r1Password: bc78ad


Rack42R1#

Now change to (or create) your second window or tab





RSRack42R2#


Now change to (or create) your third window or tab





RSRack42R3#

Continue the process, in additional windows or tabs, specifying the user names “rsrack42r4”, “rsrack42r5”, “rsrack42r6”, “rsrack42sw1”, “rsrack42sw1”, “rsrack42sw2”, “rsrack42sw3”, and “rsrack42sw4”. You end up with six windows or tabs, one per device.

You can get read-only access to the backbone servers using this technique by using the user names “rsrack42bb1”, “rsrack42bb2”, and “rsrack42bb3”.

Note: do not become dependent on seeing information on the backbone routers; use this debug method as a last resort for your studies. During the actual certification exam, you do not have any access to the backbone routers in the exam's Test Lab Rack.

With windows, you can shift them around so that you can see the contents of one window while keying configuration data into another. Another benefit of using multiple windows is you can see error messages on multiple devices at the same time, so you can trace and debug problems like connection flapping.

On the other hand, tabs require only one mouse movement plus one click to change focus, and you don't have to shift anything to see the entire output.

Which method you use is a matter of personal style and preference.


5.3. Clearing a busy console line

Occasionally you may get disconnected from the access server as a result of a temporary network outage or your ISP's DHCP changing your local IP address. You may find that the router refuses your attempt to log in again with the messages similar to this one:



Username: rsrack1r3Password: mn98ty

++| || Line in use. Login to the access server using the || username clearrsrack1 and manually clear the line. || |++

Connection closed by foreign host.

In order to fix this problem, you need to clear the access server's connection to the console line for the router you wish to access. To do this, you use a special log-in sequence to our TELNET gateway:



Username: clearrsrack42Password: bc78ad


When the authentication is successful, you will see this menu:

Server "RSRack42AS" Line 189 Terminaltype (unknown)

++ | | | Access Server Menu | | | ++

0. Clear the Console connection 1. Clear R1's line 2. Clear R2's line 3. Clear R3's line 4. Clear R4's line 5. Clear R5's line 6. Clear R6's line 7. Clear SW1's line 8. Clear SW2's line 9. Clear SW3's line 10. Clear SW4's line 11. Clear BB1's line 12. Clear BB2's line 13. Clear BB3's line Exit Exit

Please enter your selection:

You key the menu number of the console line you want to clear, followed by ENTER. The access server will then clear the line. For example, to clear R3's console line, press “3” followed by ENTER.


Section 6. Power-Cycling Your Lab Rack DevicesSometimes your configuration can cause a router or Etherswitch to “blow out” like an out-of-control oil well; you can't stop its output or break it out of a frozen state. When that happens, we offer a way to power-cycle a specific device to “bring it back”. Here's how:


• Click the “Power Cycle Device” button corresponding to the device you need to turn off and turn back on.

The control panel will then instruct the automation to turn off the device for five seconds, then turn it back on. We recommend that you have a TELNET session to monitor the power-up and IOS loading. If your configuration that caused the device to go insane had been saved to NVRAM, you may want to force the device into ROMMON mode to bypass loading the problem configuration saved in the device. Use the device-specific method for clearing out the configuration from NVRAM, then let the device boot again.



Section 7. Saving Your Configurations For Later ReloadingSaving and reloading router and Ethernet configurations can be a chore. We have provided a system for saving your configurations into our database, and reloading that configuration – perhaps into a different lab rack – using our control panel.

7.1. Taking a Snapshot Of Your Current Work

When you come to a stopping point, you can save your current work. Our automation also tries to save your work at the end of your session(s) before preparing the lab rack for the next user. The advantage of doing the configuration state save operation yourself is you can be sure the equipment is in a state where the configs can be saved. So here's how to save your current work:

• Ensure all devices are at a command prompt, and that there isn't continuous console output.• Log into your members site account, at http://members.ine.com• Click on the gray “Rack Rentals” tab• Scroll down to “My Current and Future Rack Rental Sessions”• Find your current R&S rack session• Click on the link Control Panel >>. You should see this:




• In the box “Save My Configs” press the button “Save Config”. The control panel will tell our automation to disconnect your TELNET session(s) and save the current running configuration of each device in our database. This process takes less than two minutes. The control panel will tell you the state of the save operation.

• Press the red link “reload” (just underneath the “Rack Controls” and “Config Options” buttons) to refresh the list of configurations you have in our database.

• In the “Load My Configs” box, click on the link “Rename this config” Type a short label for your saved configuration. You can use this label later to reload your configuration, perhaps on a different rack, and continue from where you left off.

7.2. Loading a Saved Configuration

Loading a saved configuration is similar to loading a product configuration, except that the configuration you tell us to load is unique to you. If you saved your configuration yourself using the procedure in the save process above, you use the label that you attached to the configuration. If you are looking for a configuration that was auto-saved by the rack automation, you need to know the date, session number, and rack ID of the session whose configuration you want to retrieve.

Here's an example: a user had a session on RSRack42 on June 1, 2010 during the S4 session. The name of the configuration saved for this customer is 2010.06.01-S2-02.39-RSRACK42. (2010 June 1, S2, 2:39 am PDT, RSRack42).

Note: to conserve storage space, our automation system only saves customer configurations for one month. See Appendix B to find out how to download your saved configurations.


To load a saved configuration, you:





• In the box “Load My Configs”, use the pull-down list to select a configuration to load. The list will include the save configurations you have labeled, and the configurations automatically saved by the rack automation.

• Press the button “Load config” that is in the “Load My Configs” box. (Do not press the similar button in the “Load Product Configs” box.) The control panel will instruct the rack automation to erase all configurations from all configurable devices in the Lab Rack, and load the pre-defined configuration in its place. The process can take from 11 to 18 minutes, depending how much work the software must do to prepare the lab rack devices for the new configuration. During the loading process, our control panel will display the status of the load request.


Appendix A. Downloading Product Configurations

Sometimes you may want to look at a product initial configuration, and don't want to spend the tokens to rent a rack just to read what gets loaded. Or, you have built your own study rack and need to download the initial product configurations so you can successfully work the lab tasks. Some people prefer to load the product initial configurations manually.

So we make product initial configurations easy to download. Here's how you do it:

• Log into your members site account, at http://members.ine.com• Click on the gray “Subscriptions & Classes” tab (in most cases, this tab will be white, which

shows it is already selected.)• Click on the white “Routing & Switch” table (in most cases, this tab will already be selected.)• Scroll down to “Workbooks, and click on the R&S workbook product • Find the block “Download Initial Configs”:

• Each downloaded configuration is customized for a specific R&S Lab rack. From the first pull-down list pick the rack for which you want to have the configuration customizes. (For study purposes, we recommend you leave the selection as “rsrack1”.) From the second pull-down list, select the desired product initial configuration.

Note: For R&S Workbook Volume 1, the configurations are named for the particular section, like “EIGRP.” For R&S Workbook Volumes 2, there are two initial configurations per numbered lab, a “Configuration” [task-based test] configuration and a “Troubleshooting” configuration (with “.TS” as the suffix). For R&S Workbook Volumes 3 and 4, the configurations are named for the lab number being worked.

• Click “Submit”. The Members Web site will send a ZIP file containing a complete set of initial configurations for the selected rack, including reference configurations for the three backbone routers.



Appendix B. Downloading Your Saved Configurations

Our automation system stores the configuration in your routers, if it can, in our database. You can request a snapshot of a rack session's current configuration from the control panel. In either case, our system will store these saved configurations for one month. If you want to preserve your saved configuration for a longer period, you can download the saved configuration to your computer. Here's how to do it:

• Log into your members site account, at http://members.ine.com• Click on the gray “Rack Rentals” tab• Scroll down to “My Current and Future Rack Rental Sessions”• Click on the link “View My Saved Configs” You will then see a pop-up windows like this:

• Scroll to the saved configuration you want to download, then click on to start the download.



Appendix C. Backbone Routers

Part of the equipment complement for a Routing & Switching lab rack are three non-configurable routers that imitate the Internet at the remote end of WAN links to the world, including Frame Relay links. In the real Certification exam, you have no access to the backbone routers; we provide a limited read-only access to the backbone routers so that you can troubleshoot external routing problems.

BB1 implements the Frame Relay switch used in our R&S Lab Racks, and also has an internal link to BB3. BB2 and BB3 are connected to the rest of the rack using Ethernet links. The configuration of the backbones are fixed. The same backbone configuration used in the R&S Lab Racks are also used for the Security and Service Provider Lab Racks.

You access the backbone routers using the techniques described in the section “Accessing Routers and Etherswitches”. You reference BB1, BB2, and BB3 as the host names at the Lab Rack access server command line, or use the “bb1”, “bb2” and “bb3” suffixes for the gateway user name in the multiple-TELNET method. When you connect to the backbone router, you will see a banner like this one (the example here uses BB1's banner):

RSRack42AS>bb1 Trying BB1 (1.1.1.1, 2011)... Open

++ | | | Welcome to BB1. These commands are available for use at privilege 0 | | | | ping show ip bgp | | telnet show ip bgp neighbors | | traceroute show ip bgp summary | | show ip route show ip interface brief | | show ip protocols | | | | The reference configuration for this device is available at: | | http://www.internetworkexpert.com/downloads/bb1.txt | | | ++

RS.42.42.BB1>

The information in the Welcome banner for each backbone router shows the commands you may use to investigate the running state of the router.

The reference configurations may be downloaded using the following links:

http://www.ine.com/downloads/bb1.txthttp://www.ine.com/downloads/bb2.txthttp://www.ine.com/downloads/bb3.txt


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