roots and affixes
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Roots and Affixes. How words are created. Vocabulary. English vocabulary include short words like the article a as well as longer word such as inextricably and denunciation . Short word such as speak and solve are called base words. Base words cannot be reduced to smaller parts. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Roots and AffixesHow words are created
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Vocabulary
•English vocabulary include short words like the article a as well as longer word such as inextricably and denunciation.
•Short word such as speak and solve are called base words.
•Base words cannot be reduced to smaller parts.
•Other words can be added to them to produce longer words with various meanings.
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Word Parts•There are two kinds of word parts: roots
and affixes.•A root is a word part that comes from
another language, such as Greek or Latin.
•An affix is a word part that can be attached to either a root or a base word to create a new word.
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Affixes•Affixes can be divided into two categories:
prefixes (appear at the beginning of words) and suffixes (appear at the end of words).
Common Prefixes Common Suffixes
Bi- two -al adjectival suffix
Anti- against -fy verb suffix
Inter- between -ic adjectival suffix
Pre- before -ion noun suffix
Super- above -ism noun suffix
Trans- across -ize verb suffix
Dis- not -ous adjectival suffix
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Check it out
Roots Affixes
Latin Root: tang, meaning “touch”
Prefix: in-, meaning “not”
Greek Root: chrome, meaning “color”
Suffix: -ible, meaing “able to”
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Meaning
•The meaning of a word is related to the meaning of its word parts.
•To unlock the meaning of an unfamiliar word, break the word down into its component parts; then think about the meaning of the word’s affixes and root.
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Apply•For example one could analyze the word
intangible, using the chart shown previously.•First break the word into its parts:PREFIX ROOT SUFFIX ENGLISH
WORD In- + tang + -ible = intangible
Tang is a latin roots meaning “touch”In- is a prefix meaning “not”-ible is a suffix meaning “able to”
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Word Families
•A group of English words may be derived from the same word part of root. Such a group is called a word family.
•You can use this knowledge to help you determine the meaning of unknown words.
•Try this out:Shared roots: solo, solitary, solitudeRoot: sol= ?
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Answer: Alone, can you think of other words in the family?•Solitare•Soloist•Based on your knowledge of the root and
the meaning of other words in the same family, try to define the meaning of the above words.
•Solitare- a card game played by one person
•Soloist- one who performs alone
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Try one:
Words: •Diminish•Diminutive•Minimum
•What do these words have in common?•Which words do you know?•What do you think the meaning of the root
is?
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Word Family Practice Questions:•Word family: ethnicity, ethnic,
ethnographer Root: ethn Meaning:
▫Ocean▫Nation▫Hesitation
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Word Family Practice Questions:•Word family: maniac, maniacal
Root: mania Meaning:
▫Education▫Sanitation▫Madness
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Word Family Practice Questions:•Word family: epidermis, dermatology
Root: derm Meaning:
▫Skin▫Body▫Mind
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Word Family Practice Questions:•Word Family: laboratory, labor
Root: lab Meaning:
▫Work▫Good▫Weak
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Let’s see what you know:•Divide and indivisible are members of the
same word family. Which root so they share? A. –vis- B. -visible- C. -div-
•What is the meaning of this root? A. separate B. shrink C. junk
•What is another member of the same word family?
A. December B. dividend C. invisible
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For More Practice…
•Root Words and Base Words•It's Greek to Me!•Vocabulary City