roosevelt as a progressive goal 7 page 42
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Roosevelt as a Progressive Goal 7 Page 42. Theodore Roosevelt. -rose steadily through gov’t ranks -Spanish American War Rough Riders at San Juan Hill -Gov. of NY reform governor Political machines want him out of power in NY because he is cleaning up the government - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Roosevelt as a
ProgressiveGoal 7
Page 42
Theodore Roosevelt-rose steadily through gov’t ranks-Spanish American War• Rough Riders at San Juan Hill-Gov. of NY
reform governor• Political machines want him out
of power in NY because he is cleaning up the government
-Vice President of William McKinley
-Became President with McKinley’s assassination
• Federal responsibility to help the citizens when the states cannot
Teddy Roosevelt was born into a wealthy New York family in 1858. An asthma sufferer, Teddy drove himself
to accomplish demanding physical feats. As a teenager, he mastered
marksmanship and horseback riding. At Harvard, he boxed and wrestled. After he battled in San Juan Hill, he
was elected governor of NY. Eventually the political machines in NY want him out of power, and get him the nomination for VP of the
United States.
Square Deal-”hit the line hard”-Presidency as the “bully pulpit”• Influence the news and media
to shape legislationhe serves as the protector of the people
-Square Deal was his program to fix the evils of society
• Modern America requires a strong federal government
-”politics is the art of the possible”
-”speak softly and carry a big stick”
• Foreign and domestic policy“It is the duty of the President to act upon the theory that he is the steward of the people, and…to assume that he has the legal right to do whatever the
needs of the people demand, unless the Constitution or the laws explicitly forbid
him to do it.”~Teddy Roosevelt
Roosevelt’s Square Deal: The Four C’s
Controlling Corporations Creating Regulations
Consumer Protection
Conser v i ng Resources
Gov’t Involvement
-1902 coal strikemine owners refused to bargain
-strike threaten fuel needs of the nation
• Roosevelt threatens to take over the mines to meet needs
-Roosevelt had both groups to meet and go to arbitration
• Showed the disputes could be settled orderly with experts
-set an example of Presidents mediating conflicts
The Coal Strike of 1902 was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in
Pennsylvania. The strike threatened to shut down the winter fuel supply to all
major cities President Roosevelt became involved and set up a commission that suspended the strike. The strike never
resumed, as the miners received more pay for fewer hours; the owners got a higher
price for coal. It was the first labor episode in which the federal government
intervened as a neutral arbitrator.
Trustbusting
-trusts controlled 4/5 of industry• Legal groups created to control
the industry, limit competition-Roosevelt believed in good and
bad trusts• Wanted to stop those that
harmed public interest-several trusts were broken
and real gov’t regulation began
• 44 suits filed, most won-RR regulation
Northern Securities v. US• Had a monopoly over
northwestern railroads; Supreme Court dissolved company
As part of his Square Deal, President
Roosevelt aggressively used the Sherman
Antitrust Act of 1890 to attack big
businesses engaging in unfair practices. His
victory over his first target, the Northern Securities Company,
earned him a reputation as a hard-
hitting trustbuster committed to
protecting the public interest.
President Roosevelt took a stand against
the large trusts of the nation, filing 44 suits against large trusts, and winning most of
his claims.
The Jungle
-written by Upton Sinclair-muckraking novel• expose the bad in society-meant to expose the conditions
of immigrants• Working in the stockyards,
change for immigrants-impact of novel was the
description of meatpacking industry
• Disgusted President Roosevelt
"All day long the blazing midsummer sun beat down upon that square mile of
abominations: upon tens of thousands of cattle crowded into pens whose wooden
floors stank and steamed contagion; upon bare, blistering, cinder-strewn railroad tracks and huge blocks of dingy meat
factories, whose labyrinthine passages defied a breath of fresh air to penetrate them; and there are not merely rivers of
hot blood and carloads of moist flesh, and rendering-vats and soup cauldrons, glue-factories and fertilizer tanks, that smelt
like the craters of hell-there are also tons of garbage festering in the sun, and the
greasy laundry of the workers hung out to dry and dining rooms littered with food
black with flies, and toilet rooms that are open sewers.“
--The Jungle
"This is no fairy story and no joke; the meat will be
shoveled into carts and the man who did the shoveling will not trouble to lift out a
rat even when he saw one." -The Jungle
Gov’t Action
-investigated Sinclair’s claims-passed Meat Inspection Act,
1906• Dictated strict cleanliness
requirements for meat packers and meat inspection
• Used until the 1990s-later passage of Pure Food and
Drug Act• Halted the sale of contaminated
foods and medicines• Must be truthful in package
labeling of foods/medicines-FDA
• Food and Drug AdministrationBefore any federal regulations were established for advertising food and drugs,
manufacturers had claimed that their products accomplished everything from
curing cancer to growing hair. In addition, popular children’s medicines often
contained opium, cocaine, or alcohol.
Conservation-industry was consuming large
portions of natural resources-pollution was destroying
waterways• Coal mining and lumbering • Roosevelt wants to protect the
land and resources-established several national
parks-set aside large portions of
forestlands – kept land from private sale-Gifford Pinchot
-development of land for the common good
Civil Rights
-Progressive era as a whole ignored the needs of minorities
• Roosevelt did not advocate for large-scale civil rights, only gave power to some
-Booker T. Washington• Respected by rich, powerful
whites• Gradual integration-W.E.B. DuBois• Pushed for full equality now
NAACP• Nothing less than fully equality• Used the court system
Teddy Roosevelt and Booker T. Washington at a parade together in
Washington, D.C.
Theodore Roosevelt
The Square DealBy Theodore
Roosevelt