ronessa strickland-roberts walden university pubh-6165-2 rebecca heick, instructor november 2009
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Volunteer and Intern Orientation to Water Quality and Related Disease Prevalence in Two Developing Countries. Ronessa Strickland-Roberts Walden University PUBH-6165-2 Rebecca Heick, Instructor November 2009. How will this presentation apply to me?. Introduction to funding sources - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Volunteer and Intern Orientation to Volunteer and Intern Orientation to Water Quality and Related Disease Water Quality and Related Disease
Prevalence in Two Developing Prevalence in Two Developing CountriesCountries
Ronessa Strickland-RobertsRonessa Strickland-RobertsWalden UniversityWalden University
PUBH-6165-2PUBH-6165-2 Rebecca Heick, InstructorRebecca Heick, Instructor
November 2009November 2009
How will this presentation How will this presentation apply to me?apply to me?
Introduction to funding sourcesIntroduction to funding sources TerminologyTerminology Practices and CulturePractices and Culture Water SourcesWater Sources Diseases and ParasitesDiseases and Parasites PrevalencePrevalence
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World Health OrganizationWorld Health Organization
WHO Guidelines for drinking-water qualityWHO Guidelines for drinking-water quality
The frameworkThe framework health-based targetshealth-based targets system assessmentsystem assessment operational monitoringoperational monitoring management plansmanagement plans a system of independent surveillancea system of independent surveillance
(WHO, 2008)(WHO, 2008)
UNICEFUNICEF
The United Nations Children’s Fund The United Nations Children’s Fund Millennium Development Goal for WaterMillennium Development Goal for Water
Microbiological water safety Microbiological water safety Information on arsenic and fluoride Information on arsenic and fluoride Safe water suppliesSafe water supplies Monitoring water safety Monitoring water safety
(UNICEF, 2006)(UNICEF, 2006)
Developing Countries???Developing Countries???
World BankWorld Bank
Gross National IncomeGross National Income
(worldbank.org, 2009)(worldbank.org, 2009)
IndiaIndia
India’s PopulationIndia’s Population Gross national income per capita Gross national income per capita Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy Probability of dying under age fiveProbability of dying under age five Total expenditure on health as % of GDP Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (WHO, 2004)(WHO, 2004)
AfricaAfrica
South Africa’s PopulationSouth Africa’s Population Gross national income per capita Gross national income per capita Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy Probability of dying under age fiveProbability of dying under age five Total expenditure on health as % of GDP Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (WHO, 2004)(WHO, 2004)
Putting those numbers into Putting those numbers into prospective…prospective…
United States populationUnited States population Gross national income per capita Gross national income per capita Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy Probability of dying under age fiveProbability of dying under age five Total expenditure on health as % of GDP Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (WHO, 2004)(WHO, 2004)
Mumbai, IndiaMumbai, India Formerly known as BombayFormerly known as Bombay High literacy levelHigh literacy level Predominate ReligionsPredominate Religions
HinduHindu Muslim Muslim
Monsoon SeasonMonsoon Season
(www.hotelsincolaba.com, 2009)(www.hotelsincolaba.com, 2009)(Business Line, 2006)(Business Line, 2006)
South AfricaSouth Africa
Literacy rate: 82.4%Literacy rate: 82.4% Predominate ReligionsPredominate Religions
ChristianityChristianity PentecostalPentecostal
Many languagesMany languages Daily duties and common professionsDaily duties and common professions
(www.cia.gov, 2009)(www.cia.gov, 2009)
Most prevalent parasitic Most prevalent parasitic illnessesillnesses
SchistosomiasisSchistosomiasis
“ “all waters in all waters in southern Africa are southern Africa are at risk for at risk for Schistosomiasis.” Schistosomiasis.” (CDC, 2008)(CDC, 2008)
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/ibes/research/int_phys/vector/
PlasmodiumPlasmodium
Malaria Malaria One of the leading One of the leading
causes of death and causes of death and disease in many disease in many developing countriesdeveloping countries
… …young children young children and pregnant women and pregnant women
Climate factorClimate factor(CDC, 2006)(CDC, 2006)
www.celtnet.org.uk/medicine/malaria.ph
LeptospirosisLeptospirosis
BacterialBacterial UrineUrine PenicillinPenicillin MumbaiMumbai
(CDC, 2005)(CDC, 2005)
CholeraCholera
Vibrio choleraeVibrio cholerae
Drinking contaminated waterDrinking contaminated water Eating foods prepared with Eating foods prepared with
contaminated watercontaminated water Undercooked foodsUndercooked foods Raw fruits and vegetablesRaw fruits and vegetables(WHO, 2005)(WHO, 2005)
Dengue Dengue
Hemorrhagic feverHemorrhagic fever MosquitoMosquito VirusVirus DehydrationDehydration World riskWorld risk
(WHO, 2008)(WHO, 2008)
Mosquito safetyMosquito safety
Your accommodationsYour accommodations ClothingClothing RepellantsRepellants Standing waterStanding water
(CDC, 2005)(CDC, 2005)
Food and Water SafetyFood and Water Safety
WaterWater IceIce FoodFood Seafood and shellfishSeafood and shellfish MilkMilk(WHO, 2008)(WHO, 2008)
ReferencesReferencesCenters for disease control. (2005). Leptospirosis. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/leptospirosis_g.htm on October 21, 2009.
Centers for disease control. (February, 2008). Schistosomiasis fact sheet. Retrieved from Centers for disease control. (February, 2008). Schistosomiasis fact sheet. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/schistosomiasis/Schistosomiasis_Factsheet.pdf on http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/schistosomiasis/Schistosomiasis_Factsheet.pdf on October 21, 2009.October 21, 2009.
Centers for disease control. (2005). Travelers' Health - Yellow Book. Ch. 5. Retrieved from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2010/chapter-5/dengue-fever-dengue-hemorrhagic-fever.aspx#360 on October 24, 2009.
Centers for disease control. (2006). Malaria. Retrieved from Centers for disease control. (2006). Malaria. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/distribution_pi/distribution.htm on October 21, 2009.http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/distribution_pi/distribution.htm on October 21, 2009.
ReferencesReferencesCentral intelligence agency. (October, 2009). The world fact book: South Africa. Retrieved from Central intelligence agency. (October, 2009). The world fact book: South Africa. Retrieved from
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html on October 24, on October 24, 2009 2009
UNICEF, (2006) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. Retrieved fromUNICEF, (2006) Water, Sanitation and Hygiene. Retrieved fromhttp://www.unicef.org/wash/index_water_quality.html on October 23, 2009 http://www.unicef.org/wash/index_water_quality.html on October 23, 2009
The World Bank, (2009). Data and Statistics. Retrieved fromhttp://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20420458~menuPK:64133156~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html on October 23, 2009 World Health Organization. World Health Organization. (2006). India. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October (2006). India. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October 20, 200920, 2009
World health organization, (December, 2008). Retrieved from World health organization, (December, 2008). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/FaqTravelersDec2008.pdf http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/FaqTravelersDec2008.pdf on October 24, 2009.on October 24, 2009.
World Health Organization. (2008). Guidelines for drinking-water quality [electronic World Health Organization. (2008). Guidelines for drinking-water quality [electronic resource]:incorporating 1st and 2nd addenda, Vol.1, Recommendations. – 3rd ed.resource]:incorporating 1st and 2nd addenda, Vol.1, Recommendations. – 3rd ed.
ReferencesReferencesWorld Health Organization. (2006). South Africa. Retrieved from World Health Organization. (2006). South Africa. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October 20, 2009http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October 20, 2009
World Health Organization. (2006). United States. Retrieved from World Health Organization. (2006). United States. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October 20, 2009http://www.who.int/countries/ind/en/ on October 20, 2009
World Health Organization. (2006). Water, Ssanitation, Health. Retrieved from World Health Organization. (2006). Water, Ssanitation, Health. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases/burden/en/index.html on October 20, http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases/burden/en/index.html on October 20, 20092009
World Health Organization. (2006). Water Supply, sanitation and hygiene development. World Health Organization. (2006). Water Supply, sanitation and hygiene development. Retrieved fromRetrieved from
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/en/index.html on October 23, 2009http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/en/index.html on October 23, 2009
World Health Organization. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: diagnosis, treatment, prevention and World Health Organization. Dengue haemorrhagic fever: diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. 3control. 3rdrd
ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
PhotographsPhotographs
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/ibes/research/int_phys/vector/ (schistosomiasis)http://www.abdn.ac.uk/ibes/research/int_phys/vector/ (schistosomiasis)
www.scooponpets.com/petpathogens.html (leptospirosis)www.scooponpets.com/petpathogens.html (leptospirosis)
kirstyne.wordpress.com/.../ (cholera)kirstyne.wordpress.com/.../ (cholera)
medicineworld.org/.../April-4-2006.htmlmedicineworld.org/.../April-4-2006.html
library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01095/info.html (dengue) library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01095/info.html (dengue)
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/catalyst/2006/07/13/stories/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/catalyst/2006/07/13/stories/2006071300060100.htm (Mumbai)2006071300060100.htm (Mumbai)