ronald eckert, btu cottbus international case studies for
TRANSCRIPT
Megacity Research Project TP. Ho Chi MinhIntegrative Urban and Environmental Planning Framework
Adaptation to Climate Change
Ronald Eckert, BTU Cottbus
International Case Studies for Municipal Adaptation PlansInternational Case Studies for Municipal Adaptation Plans1. DPA – Megacity Project Roundtable | 08th March 2011
Outline & Objectives of this Presentation
► to introduce the Adaptation Cycle, a concept for integrating adaptation into a classical project cycle (based on OECD and UNDP)cycle (based on OECD and UNDP)
► to give insights into selected international adaptation initiativesadaptation initiatives
► to present main steps of the Adaptation Cycle as i t f d t ti i iti ti ( ltmain parts of an adaptation initiative (results
from screening of case studies)
► to highlight the importance of cross-sectoral adaptation
► to highlight the role of urban planning as discipline to shape the urban form and to manage urban development processes
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urban development processes
Screening of Selected Adaptation Plans
Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London
C l i d f
Singapore’s National Climate Change Strategy
Fi l R 8►Consultation draft 2010►Greater London Authority►http://www.london.gov.uk/
► Final Report 2008►Ministry of the
Environment and Water priorities/environment/climate-change/climate-change-adaptation-strategy
Resources►http://app.mewr.gov.sg/dat
a/ImgUpd/NCCS Chapter 2adaptat o st ategy►Available in Vietnamese
Rotterdam Climate Proof
a/ gUpd/ CCS_C apte __-_VA.pdf
Framework for Adaptation Rotterdam Climate Proof (RCP) Adaptation Programme►Release 2009►Extension of Rotterdam
Framework for Adaptation to Climate Change in the City of Cape Town (FAC4T)►Report from 2006►Extension of Rotterdam
Climate Initiative (RCI)►http://www.rotterdamclima
►Report from 2006►Environment Resource
Managementteinitiative.nl/ ►http://www.capetown.gov.za
/EN/ENVIRONMENTALRESOURCEMANAGEMENT/PUBLICA
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TIONS/Pages/Reportsand.aspx
The Adaptation Cycle
1. Awareness Raising & Consultation
2. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
Information3. Detailed Risk-
Assessment7 Monitoring &
Mapping
7. Monitoring & Evaluation
Review
4. Identification of Adaptation OptionsIntegration p p
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
IntegrationImplementation
5. Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
Adaptation Options
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of Adaptation Options
1. Awareness Raising & Consultation
1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation
2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
3.Detailed Risk-Assessment
7.Monitoring & Evaluation
4. Identification of Adaptation Options
Evaluation
5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
► Raising awareness of key stakeholders (in the field of urban planning) on linkages between climate change, vulnerability and development
► Raising awareness of effected/ likely affected population► Raising awareness of effected/ likely affected population
► Involvement and consultation of different stakeholders, of formal and informal institutions and the public
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institutions and the public
1. Awareness Raising & ConsultationExample: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London
► Involvement of formal and informal institutions
S h i l i f diff k h ld► Strong emphasis on consultation of different stakeholders
► Strategies puts emphasis on the involvement of the broader public.
► Collection and evaluation of community comments on website www.london.gov.uk/climatechangeo do go u /c atec a ge
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2. & 3. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation
2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
3.Detailed Risk-Assessment
7.Monitoring & Evaluation
4. Identification of Adaptation Options
Evaluation
5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
► Quick assessment of risks and vulnerabilities to the human, natural and urban system based on downscaled IPCC scenarios
► Followed by an in-depth climate risk assessment and localized projections according to identified impacts, risks and vulnerable sectors using modellingaccording to identified impacts, risks and vulnerable sectors using modelling and geographic information systems
► Evaluation of vulnerability of the population
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► Evaluation of vulnerability of the population
2. & 3. Pre-screening of Climate Risks and VulnerabilitiesExample: Framework for Adaptation to Climate Change in the City of Cape Town
► City of Cape Town already linked global emission scenarios with downscaled impact assessment (local level) and then with consequences for the human and natural system
► Example: climate variability results in changes of precipitation pattern, this in p y g p p p ,turn will endanger the water supply
► Linked adaptation measures: promotion of less water consumption and extension of catchment areas
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extension of catchment areas
4. & 5. Identification of Adaptation Options
1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation
2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
3.Detailed Risk-Assessment
7.Monitoring & Evaluation
4. Identification of Adaptation Options
Evaluation
5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
► Compilation of adaptation options within 4 categories of risk management measures: Prevent, Prepare, Respond and Recover
► Selection of adaptation strategies and examination whether selected options will decrease vulnerabilities and risks (avoidance of mal-adaptation)will decrease vulnerabilities and risks (avoidance of mal adaptation)
► Methods: cost-benefit-analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, multi-criteria analysisalso cost for non-action may be considered
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also cost for non-action may be considered
4. & 5. Identification of Adaptation OptionsExample: Singapore’s National Climate Change Strategy
► Methods of cost-benefit-analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, multi-
i i l i d i i fcriteria analysis and estimations of the cost for non-action to select appropriate adaptation measures
► Combination of adaptation and mitigation measures:mitigation measures:
− Flood protection measureEnhancing urban environment− Enhancing urban environment
− Promotion of clean public transport− Improvement of energy efficiency
d tiand power generation− Improvement of water efficiency
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6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation
2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
3.Detailed Risk-Assessment
7.Monitoring & Evaluation
4. Identification of Adaptation Options
Evaluation
l i i i l d i hi i i
5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
► Implementation into new strategic plans and/ or within existing statutory documents (city-wide masterplan, etc.) – formal and informal planning
► Important questions to be raised to clear the responsibility for implementation− Which administrative units are involved and responsible?− What mechanism and policies are needed for implementation?What mechanism and policies are needed for implementation?− Related taxation, incentives and legislative powers− Which spatial dimensions are needed?
Extend top down with bottom up approaches?
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− Extend top-down with bottom up approaches?
6. Implementation of Adaptation OptionsExample: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for London
► London’s strategy provides a Roadmap to Resilience, with a summary of the key actions, and an action plan, including ways for the GLA Group to mainstream d i i l d iadaptation across its plans and strategies
► 11 objectives are linked with 34 actions, lead partners (policy, administration, others), timeframe and targets for their delivery, related policies and legislation, budget allocation
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7. Monitoring & Evaluation
1.Awareness Rai-sing & Consultation
2.Pre-screening of Climate Risks and Vulnerabilities
3.Detailed Risk-Assessment
7.Monitoring & Evaluation
4. Identification of Adaptation Options
Evaluation
5.Prioritisation and Selection of Adaptation Options
6. Implementation of Adaptation Options
► indispensable to correct past mistakes and improve current practices► opportunity to test the accuracy of ex ante projections of climate vulnerabilities
► Monitoring of− the implementation process of adaptation measuresthe implementation process of adaptation measures− the measure itself, whether it delivered the intended benefits or whether it
causes adverse impactsand the baseline climate conditions
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− and the baseline climate conditions