Ron A. Sequeira Ron A. Sequeira and Christina Devorshak and Christina Devorshak USDA-APHIS-PPQUSDA-APHIS-PPQ

Center for Plant Health Science and TechnologyCenter for Plant Health Science and Technology

Safeguarding Agricultural and Environmental Resources:

Regional Centers of Phytosanitary Excellence

An initiative to globally refocus safeguarding efforts

US

You-All

We are in this together…

A Functional Hierarchy for COPEs

STANDARDS REVIEW COMMODITY RISK ANALYSIS

SURVEY, DETECTION & DIAGNOSTICS

TREATMENT PROTOCOLS

IPPC, NPPO and COPE Leadership

QUALITY CONTROL TRAINING

Emergency Response Capacity

SafeguardingPlants for Planting

Develop action plans targeting high risk pests and pathways

Trade BarriersDevelop risk analysis products to

target SPS Technical Issues

Pest and Disease SurveillanceProvide input to pest lists and

characterization of invasiveness research

Quality Assurance / AccreditationDevelop accreditation or

certification for oversight of targeted pathways

BiotechnologyRisk Analysis and policy reviews

Offshore risk reductionCOPE networking and IPPC-

mediated multilateral exercises

Enhanced Risk AnalysisSupport streamlining risk analysis

support

Export SupportDevelop commodity risk analyses

to support U.S. exports

Areas of Emphasis for COPEsAreas of Emphasis for COPEs

Organism PRACommodity PRA Pathway Analysis Intl. and Outreach

NPAGPest ListsPotato Wart,KBMini PRAsNRC

Fruit and VegetablesEU Q37sQ37

Northern BorderSouthern borderGarbage

NAPPO/IPPCOffshore Pest InfoPASOutreachReg. Curriculum

NSPL-RA

R. Sequeira

PERALR. Griffin

NSPL-AQI

L. Zettler

NSPL-BioTech

P. Berger

NSPL-IPM

R. Sequeira

NSPL-Survey

D. Fieselmann

CPHST DirectorGordon Gordh

Associate DirectorV1

Assistant DirectorS1

Managing the process: one example

EradicationManagementExclusion

•Broadcast pesticides•Bait sprays•Male annihilation•Irradiation•Planting date•Host Plant Resistance•Biological Control/Inundative releases•Sterile Insect Release•Exclusion through enclosed production•Tissue culture•Systems Approaches/IPM•Paratransgenesis•Field Sanitation•Mass trapping•Pheromone disruption•Culling•Screens/mechanical barriers•Restriction to non-suitable areas

•Indexing•Clean stock programs•HACCP•Steam/Vapor Heat•Hot Water•Chlorine dip•Fungicide dip•Washing•Waxing•Cold Treatment•Cold Storage•Containment/Low Prevalence•Area freedom•Fumigation (soil)•Fumigation (commodity)•Harvest timing•Inspection/Rejection

Treatment Menu(Pre- and post harvest phytosanitary options)

Strategic Analysis at COPEs

Photo by Ken Hammond

Port

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NPPO means

“No plant pest o

pposed”

Ralstonia

SOD

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CLB

Plu

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oxGypsy M

oth

KB

Giant Afric

an Snail

Fru

it f

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Gra

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pper

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Cric

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EAB

Larch

Canker

Citr

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anke

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SBR

PSB

Stemming the tide through ports of entry… or taking the battle offshore…?

Safeguarding (Safeguarding (CountermeasuresCountermeasures) Continuum) Continuum

PREVENT PREEMPT RESPOND MITIGATE RESTORE

Where we need to be…

Where we were (are?)

DETER DETECTDENY

DESTROYDECIDE CONTAIN

MANAGE

RECOVER

Desiderata (another look at Offshore Hazard and Risk Management)

•Offshore risk management based on regional partnershipsSPS Capacity buildingPhytosanitary Centers of Excellence

•Offshore risks information and alert systemsIPPC PortalsGPDD/OPISIS “safeguarding officers”PreclearanceCPHST risk analysts

•Trade FacilitationExport/Import

•The OIE Model

•OIE regional representations

•OIE regional commissions

Best Practices Approach

United States

Colombia

France

South Africa

Japan

Phytosanitary Centers of Excellence

SPS Capacity Building For Africa

SPS Seminar Series APHIS Risk Assessment Advisors

Regional SPS Resource Centers and LaboratoriesCenter of Phytosanitary Excellence (COPEs)

PRA Center SPS Lab Training Center

Building National and Sub-Regional CapacityPreclearance Programs Infrastructure Strengthening

Seminar SeriesSeminar Series

WTO/PolicyWTO/Policy Risk Assessment TrainingRisk Assessment Training Public/Private Sector DialoguePublic/Private Sector Dialogue

APHIS PRA Technical AdvisorsAPHIS PRA Technical Advisors

One Risk Assessment Advisor placed at One Risk Assessment Advisor placed at each US Trade Hub each US Trade Hub (Gaborone, Kampala, Accra)(Gaborone, Kampala, Accra)

Additional short-term technical assistanceAdditional short-term technical assistance Cochran training (market analysis and risk Cochran training (market analysis and risk

assessment)assessment)

Regional SPS Resource Centers Regional SPS Resource Centers and Laboratoriesand Laboratories

PRA CenterPRA Center SPS SPS LaboratoryLaboratory

Training Training CenterCenter

Conduct PRAs Conduct PRAs for countries for countries and exporting and exporting agribusinessesagribusinesses

Pest mappingPest mappingCompile and Compile and store pest datastore pest dataConduct Conduct mitigation trialsmitigation trials

Risk AnalysisRisk AnalysisPPQ IssuesPPQ IssuesSPS SPS Infrastructure Infrastructure BuildingBuilding

Measuring successMeasuring success

Enhanced export opportunitiesEnhanced export opportunities Protecting borders and territoriesProtecting borders and territories Emergency response and recoveryEmergency response and recovery

– Detect and assess new pestsDetect and assess new pests– Respond as neededRespond as needed

Protect national resourcesProtect national resources Demonstrate NPPO effectivenessDemonstrate NPPO effectiveness Provide assurance to trading partnersProvide assurance to trading partners

The Colombia CEFThe Colombia CEF

APHIS Attaché/Colombia, John Shaw, and APHIS Attaché/Colombia, John Shaw, and APHIS PPQ’s Ron Sequeira created a APHIS PPQ’s Ron Sequeira created a local/regional center that conducts PRAs local/regional center that conducts PRAs and mitigation research.and mitigation research.

Using this model could help us replicate the Using this model could help us replicate the work of the three risk assessment advisors work of the three risk assessment advisors currently in Sub-Saharan Africa.currently in Sub-Saharan Africa.

R. A. Sequeira and Christina DevorshakUSDA-APHIS-PPQ

Center for Plant Health Science and Technology

Centers of Phytosanitary Excellence