RomanticismRomanticismA Movement Across the

Arts

DefinitionDefinitionRomanticism refers to a movement in art, literature, and music during the 19th century. Romanticism is characterized by the 5 “I”s

ImaginationIntuitionIdealismInspirationIndividuality

ImaginationImaginationImagination was emphasized over “reason.”

This was a backlash against the rationalism characterized by the Neoclassical period or “Age of Reason.”

IntuitionIntuitionRomantics placed value on “intuition,” or feeling and instincts, over reason.

Overflow of emotions was important in Romantic art.

IdealismIdealismIdealism is the concept that we can make the world a better place.

Idealism refers to any theory that emphasizes the spirit, the mind, or language over matter.

InspirationInspirationThe Romantic artist, musician, or writer, is an “inspired creator” rather than a “technical master.”

What this means is “going with the moment” or being spontaneous, rather than “getting it precise.”

IndividualityIndividualityRomantics celebrated the individual.

During this time period, Women’s Rights and Abolitionism were taking root as major movements.

OriginsOriginsRomanticism began to take root as a movement following the French Revolution.

The publication of Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge in 1792 is considered the beginning of literary Romanticism.

The ArtsThe ArtsRomanticism was a movement across all the arts: visual art, music, and literature.

All of the arts embraced themes prevalent in the Middle Ages: chivalry, courtly love. Literature and art from this time depicted these themes. Music (ballets and operas) illustrated these themes.

Shakespeare came back into vogue.

Visual ArtsVisual ArtsNeoclassical art was rigid, severe, and unemotional; it hearkened back to ancient Greece and Rome

Romantic art was emotional, deeply-felt, individualistic, and exotic. It has been described as a reaction to Neoclassicism, or “anti-Classicism.”

Visual Arts: Visual Arts: ExamplesExamples

Neoclassical Art

Romantic Art

MusicMusic“Classical” musicians included composers like Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Franz Josef Haydn.1730-1820.Classical music emphasized internal order and balance.

Romantic musicians included composers like Frederic Chopin, Franz Lizst, Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky.1800-1910.Romantic music emphasized expression of feelings.

Go to website and print Go to website and print “RandVStudyGuide” for more “RandVStudyGuide” for more information to help you with the information to help you with the Romantic and Victorian Poetry we Romantic and Victorian Poetry we will be studying.will be studying.

Emily Bronte Emily Bronte and and Wuthering Wuthering

HeightsHeights

Emily Bronte and Emily Bronte and Wuthering Wuthering HeightsHeights

July 30, 1818- December 19, 1848Wrote Wuthering Heights, which combines

Romantic and Gothic characteristics.

Haworth, YorkshireHaworth, Yorkshire

Haworth is located in northern England in the county of Yorkshire.

It is characterized by rolling hills covered with heath.

The weather is very changeable.

Yorkshire MoorsYorkshire Moors

Emily Brontë loved the area around the moors and spent a great deal of time exploring these moors.

Heathcliff and Young Catherine do the same in Wuthering Heights.

Main CharactersMain CharactersThe narrative tells the

tale of the all-encompassing and passionate, yet thwarted, love between Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and many around them.

Narration and StyleNarration and StyleThe narrative is non-linear, involving

several flashbacks, and two primary narrators: Mr. Lockwood and Ellen "Nelly" Dean. The novel opens in 1801, with Mr. Lockwood arriving at Thrushcross Grange, a grand house on the Yorkshire moors that he is renting from the surly Heathcliff, who lives at nearby Wuthering Heights.

WH as a Social NovelWH as a Social NovelClass inequities and distinctions (the rich

get richer, the poor get poorerNo possibility for social mobilityMoney=power and reputation

WH as a Psychological NovelWH as a Psychological NovelNature vs. NurtureFamily dynamics; especially second

generation vs. first generationSibling rivalry and gender conflictsNature of Love

WH as a Symbolic Novel WH as a Symbolic Novel “Objective correlation”- became popular by

T.S. Eliot When the weather parallels character, emotion and

psychological state, as well as plot tension and/or release

Dreams as manifestations of inner turmoilSupernatural as evidence of disruption(s)

in the cosmic balance

Elements in Elements in Wuthering Wuthering HeightsHeights1. Romanticism (see WH Study Guide)2. Gothicism (see WH Study Guide)3. Byronic Hero4. Tragic Vision

3. Byronic Hero (after George Lord 3. Byronic Hero (after George Lord Byron)Byron)Conflicted emotionally (tortured soul)Mysterious origins and troubled pastDespises social institutionsSeen as self destructive by his choicesloner

4. Tragic Vision (the world in 4. Tragic Vision (the world in which the character lives) which the character lives) Conclusion is catastrophic and inevitableConclusion occurs as a result as the human

limitations of the protagonistProtagonist suffers almost immeasurably Suffering brings about redemption Redemption leads to human learning and

the acceptance of moral responsibilityPhysical elements=angular, geometric, and

jagged

Topics leading to themes in Topics leading to themes in Wuthering HeightsWuthering HeightsFamily history and family relationships

and/or sibling rivalryRomantic or ill-fated loveRevengeNature vs. Civilization (Culture)Education