romanesque era

57

Click here to load reader

Upload: starlramos

Post on 25-Jan-2015

274 views

Category:

Education


16 download

DESCRIPTION

Humanities reporting

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Romanesque Era

ROMANESQUE

Page 2: Romanesque Era

HISTORY

Oxford English Dictionary – ROMANESQUE means descended from Romans

Romanesque art refers to the art of Europe from the late 10th century → Gothic style in the 13th century.

The Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, making it the first pan-European style since Imperial Roman Architecture.

Page 3: Romanesque Era

ROMANESQUE ARTS

Sculpture and Painting are two forms that flourished during this time.

It is characterized with the incorporations of Byzantine iconographic models, use of colors (mostly primary), and realism.

Page 4: Romanesque Era

SCULPTURE

MAIN CHARACTERISTIC

- educational and religious functions

- painted in bright colors

- adapted to fit into the space available

- unrealistic human figures

- rigid clothes

Page 5: Romanesque Era
Page 6: Romanesque Era

PAINTINGS

MAIN CHARACTERISTIC

- no background landscapes

- figures outlined in the back

- rigid and schematic human figures

- some figures are bigger to show some importance

- uses bright colors

Page 7: Romanesque Era

KINDS OF PAINTINGS MURAL PAINTING – paintings on the walls

Page 8: Romanesque Era

Manuscript Illumination - a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders (marginalia) and miniature illustrations.

Page 9: Romanesque Era
Page 10: Romanesque Era

ROMANESQUE FASHION

Perpendula—Pearls and other precious materials hanging down from the crown on the side of the head seen primarily hanging by the ears. Often confused with earrings.

Page 11: Romanesque Era

Tablion—The very elaborate, oblong decoration embroidered in red and gold on the back and front of the imperial Byzantine mantle. For other high officials it varied in color. Protects fabric from excessive wear.

Page 12: Romanesque Era
Page 13: Romanesque Era

Tunic—It was like the late Roman tunica manicata, the sleeves in one with the garment, or pieced on with a straight seam. The neckline was high and slit down a little distance to admit the head. The length of the tunic varied from a little below the knees to the instep.

Page 14: Romanesque Era
Page 15: Romanesque Era

Consular Diptych Toga—This is the official costume for consuls as late as the sixth century. The toga was made of richly brocaded, stiff material so that its draping was very stiff and formal quite unlike the real toga, yet holds similar status.

Page 16: Romanesque Era
Page 17: Romanesque Era

Cope— A semi-circular cape that is embroidered or brocaded and fastened across the chest by a wide ornamental band. This is sewn to one edge and is hooked or pinned by a jeweled morse to the other. A liturgical vestment of the later Catholic Church and as a choir vestment of some Anglican churches.

Page 18: Romanesque Era
Page 19: Romanesque Era

Wimple—A shaped kerchief for the head. Comes in various lengths from shoulder to floor.

Page 20: Romanesque Era

Bliaut—A garment worn by men and women. As worn by the upper classes, it consist of a snug-fitting torso, often wide embroidered sleeves, a low skirt pulled into elegant pleats across the hip, and snug lacing up the back under each arm. It was one of the first garments to depend on fit as well as cut.

Page 21: Romanesque Era
Page 22: Romanesque Era

Mantle—Huge square piece of fabric tied around the body as a wrap and related to the himation.

Page 23: Romanesque Era

Cote—A long tunic with the sleeve cut in one piece with the garment. The length varied from the calf to the instep.

Page 24: Romanesque Era
Page 25: Romanesque Era

Surcote—A loose, lightweight garment originally worn by the Crusader over his armor as a protection against the sun. Sometimes sleeveless, sometimes with wide open sleeves like a dalmatic. It could be belted or unbelted, and the length varied from knee to the ankle.

Page 26: Romanesque Era
Page 27: Romanesque Era

Chatelaine—Cord worn around the woman's waist that a house-hold items, such as scissors or keys, were attached.

Page 28: Romanesque Era

Mitre—The first mitres were only low caps, with the points at the sides instead of front and back. By the end of the tenth century the low mitre was customary and worn, as the mitre is now, by a bishop as part of his ceremonial costume.

Page 29: Romanesque Era
Page 30: Romanesque Era

Foliated Crown—A crown with a decorative and pointed upper edge—decorations were commonly leaf or scallop patterns.

Page 31: Romanesque Era
Page 32: Romanesque Era

Kirtle—Anglo-Saxon for tunic. Usually female garment, long sleeve fit at waist and full bottom at the floor.

Page 33: Romanesque Era
Page 34: Romanesque Era

Chemise—An undergarment with long sleeves that showed beneath the sleeves and some lower necklines of the outer garment for women. Men also wore it underneath their tunics and could be seen at the collar or sleeves of his garment.

Page 35: Romanesque Era

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

Star RamosHannah Duray

Page 36: Romanesque Era

ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE

Describe the architecture of Medieval Europe “descended from Roman” Charles de Gerville or his associate Arcisse de Caumont (1818) relies upon its walls, or sections of walls called PIERS. divided into two periods “First Romanesque” and

“Romanesque” Style

Page 37: Romanesque Era

TYPOLOGIES There are three main architectonical typologies:

Churches

Monasteries Castles

Page 38: Romanesque Era

MONASTERY

It was designed as a microcosm, as the city of God

They had several dependencies:ChurchCloisterChapter roomAbbot’s houseMonks/ nuns roomsRefectory Hospital

                                                                            

Page 39: Romanesque Era

CHURCH

It was the main building

It symbolized God’s kingdom

The holiest part was the apse

It had cross shape

Symbolism was important: Circular parts reflect perfection so they were linked to God Squared parts are related to the human.

Page 40: Romanesque Era

CHURCH

Characteristics:Monumental, trying to imitate the Roman models in the Pilgrimage churches

Small in country churchesThey were designed for advertising Catholic churchThey were lasting, made of stonePlans could be: Latin cross Polygonal Basilical

Latin cross Polygonal Basilical

Page 41: Romanesque Era

CHURCH Parts of the plan

Page 42: Romanesque Era

CHURCH

Parts from the outside

Page 43: Romanesque Era

CHURCH

Elevation:

1.The church is covered by stoned vaults

2.Walls are thick

3.They need strong buttresses

4.Foundations are strong

5.Few windows

Page 44: Romanesque Era

CHURCH Interior elevation: it consists of three levels:

First floor with columns or cross-shaped pillars

Second floor with the tribune (corridor over looking the nave, over the aisles)

Clerestory: area of windows opening to the outside.

Column

Pillar

Tribune

Clerestory

Page 45: Romanesque Era

CHURCH Type of covers:

Barrel vault: it was used mainly to cover the central nave

Groin vault was common in aisles and ambulatory

Dome: spherical were used in apses. The central could stand on pendentives or squinches

Page 46: Romanesque Era

CASTLE Castles were defensive constructions

They were fortified for providing shelter

The wall was one of the essential elements

They tend to be build in stepped areas, easier to defend.

Page 47: Romanesque Era

•Torre pendente di PisaTorre pendente di Pisa•City of Pisa in ItalyCity of Pisa in Italy•Like its name suggest, Like its name suggest, it actually does lean to it actually does lean to one sideone side•14,500 tons14,500 tons•294 steps in north, and 294 steps in north, and 296 steps in south296 steps in south

LEANING TOWER OF PISA

Page 48: Romanesque Era

•344 years, beginning in 344 years, beginning in August 1173August 1173•There are 7 bells inside the There are 7 bells inside the towertower•No actual original architectNo actual original architect•UNESCO World Heritage in UNESCO World Heritage in 19871987•The tower was closed to The tower was closed to the public from 1989 to the public from 1989 to 20012001•Civil tower of Pavia Civil tower of Pavia collapsedcollapsed

Page 49: Romanesque Era

MONT SAINT MONT SAINT MICHELMICHEL

•Merveille de I’OccidentMerveille de I’Occident•Northwest France near Northwest France near AvranchesAvranches•One of the most One of the most popular attractions in popular attractions in FranceFrance•Romano-Breton cultureRomano-Breton culture•Mont Tomb(18Mont Tomb(18thth century)century)

Page 50: Romanesque Era

•AbbeyAbbey•300 hectares300 hectares•UNESCO World UNESCO World Heritage in 1979Heritage in 1979•Consists of stairways, Consists of stairways, alleyways, courtyards alleyways, courtyards and pathsand paths•Dedicated to St. Dedicated to St. Michel, god Belenus Michel, god Belenus and Joveand Jove

Page 51: Romanesque Era

MUSEUM OF MUSEUM OF NATIONAL HISTORYNATIONAL HISTORY

Architects Architects Daniel Burnham Daniel Burnham and Charles and Charles McKimMcKim19101910Octagon-shaped Octagon-shaped rotundarotundaSome other Some other designsdesigns

Page 52: Romanesque Era

WHAT’S WHAT’S INSIDE INSIDE THE THE

MUSEUM??MUSEUM????????????

Page 53: Romanesque Era
Page 54: Romanesque Era
Page 55: Romanesque Era
Page 56: Romanesque Era
Page 57: Romanesque Era