romanesque art and gothic art

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Romanesque Art (1000-1200 AD) refers to the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th century, or later, depending on region.

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A Presentation about the Romanesque Art, and Gothic Art. Origins, Notable Artworks and etc.

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Page 1: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

Romanesque Art(1000-1200 AD)

• refers to the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th century,

or later, depending on region.

Page 2: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

ROMANESQUE BUILDING TYPES

• Churches• Castles• Monasteries• Fortified Towns

Norman - Romanesque in BritainOttonian - Romanesque in Germany

Page 3: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

THE DECLINE OF ROME AND THE BEGINNING OF THE DARK AGES

Rome was occupied by 'barbarians' in 476. The Roman Empire in the West had already come to an end in A.D. 475.• Franks - France• Burgundians - Burgundy• Lombards - Lombardy• Goths/Visigoths - Gothic• Vandals - 'vandalism‘

Because of these invasions, Romanesque Architecture was obsessed with security, each building was a fortress.Consant warfare rendered the condition of the people unsettled and craftsmanship was consuquently at a low ebb.

Page 4: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

ORIGIN OF ROMANESQUE ART

• Romanesque style is called that because it is a little like Roman architecture with similarities between the barrel vault and Roman arch, but it is made around 100-1200 AD instead during the Roman Empire.

• The Romanesque style owed something to Byzantine art, which was carried westwardsalong the great trade routes, by way of such centers as Venice, Ravenna and Marseilles.

Page 5: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

NOTABLE ARTWORKS

• Sculptures

Pórtico da Gloria, Santiago Cathedral. Pórtico da Gloria, Santiago Cathedral.

The coloring once common to much Romanesque The coloring once common to much Romanesque

sculpture has been preserved.sculpture has been preserved.

Man and confronted Man and confronted

animals, Cahors Cathedralanimals, Cahors Cathedral

Page 6: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Metalworks

The Silver Ardagh ChaliceThe Silver Ardagh Chalice

The Gloucester candlestick, early 12th centuryThe Gloucester candlestick, early 12th century

Doors at Hildesheim Cathedral. Doors at Hildesheim Cathedral.

Detail of Cain Killing Abel.Detail of Cain Killing Abel.

Page 7: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Fresco

16th century Italian cycle in fresco with 21 scenes 16th century Italian cycle in fresco with 21 scenes

from Annunciation to Resurrectionfrom Annunciation to Resurrection

Apse of Sant Climent de Taüll, a Catalan Apse of Sant Climent de Taüll, a Catalan

fresco by the Master of Taüll, now in fresco by the Master of Taüll, now in

Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya.Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya.

Page 8: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Manuscript Illumination

The Three Magi from the St. Albans Psalter, The Three Magi from the St. Albans Psalter,

English, 12th century.English, 12th century.

Page 9: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

Gothic artGothic art• • was a style of Medieval art that was a style of Medieval art that

developed in France out of Romanesque art in the developed in France out of Romanesque art in the

mid-12th century, led by the concurrent development mid-12th century, led by the concurrent development

of Gothic architecture.of Gothic architecture.

• • Primary media in the Gothic period Primary media in the Gothic period

included sculpture, panel painting, included sculpture, panel painting,

stained glass, fresco and illuminated manuscripts. stained glass, fresco and illuminated manuscripts.

The easily recognizable shifts in architecture from The easily recognizable shifts in architecture from

Romanesque to Gothic, and Gothic to Renaissance styles, Romanesque to Gothic, and Gothic to Renaissance styles,

are typically used to define the periods in are typically used to define the periods in

art in all media, although in many ways figurative art in all media, although in many ways figurative

art developed at a different pace.art developed at a different pace.

Page 10: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

ORIGIN OF GOTHIC ART

• • Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France, France, in the early 12th Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France, France, in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger.century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger.

• • The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture, both monumental and personal in size, textile art, sculpture, both monumental and personal in size, textile art, and painting, which took a variety of forms, including fresco, and painting, which took a variety of forms, including fresco, stained glass, the illuminated manuscript, and panel painting.stained glass, the illuminated manuscript, and panel painting.

• • Iconography was affected by changes in theology, with depictions of the Iconography was affected by changes in theology, with depictions of the Assumption of Mary gaining ground on the older Death of the Virgin, and in Assumption of Mary gaining ground on the older Death of the Virgin, and in devotional practices devotional practices

such as the Devotio Moderna, which produced new treatments of Christ in such as the Devotio Moderna, which produced new treatments of Christ in subjects such as the Man of Sorrows, Pensive Christ and Pietà, which subjects such as the Man of Sorrows, Pensive Christ and Pietà, which emphasized his human suffering and vulnerability, in a parallel movement emphasized his human suffering and vulnerability, in a parallel movement to that in depictions of the Virgin. to that in depictions of the Virgin.

Page 11: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• • The term ''Gothic was used first time in 16th CenturyThe term ''Gothic was used first time in 16th Century

for the Italian for the Italian Giorgio VasariGiorgio Vasari, a great art historian., a great art historian.

• • Its critics saw this type of Medieval art as unrefined and too Its critics saw this type of Medieval art as unrefined and too

remote from the aesthetic proportions and shapes of Classical art.remote from the aesthetic proportions and shapes of Classical art.

• • Renaissance authors believed that the Sack of Rome by the Renaissance authors believed that the Sack of Rome by the

Gothic tribes in 410 had triggered the demise of the Classical Gothic tribes in 410 had triggered the demise of the Classical

world and all the values they held dear.world and all the values they held dear.

BACKGROUND & HISTORY

Page 12: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• • In its beginning, Gothic art was initially called "French work" In its beginning, Gothic art was initially called "French work"

(Opus Francigenum), thus attesting the priority of France in the (Opus Francigenum), thus attesting the priority of France in the

creation of this style.creation of this style.

• • Raphael claimed that the pointed arches of northern architecture Raphael claimed that the pointed arches of northern architecture

were an echo of the primitive huts the Germanic forest dwellers formed were an echo of the primitive huts the Germanic forest dwellers formed

by bending trees together - a myth which would resurface much later in a by bending trees together - a myth which would resurface much later in a

more positive sense in the writings of the German Romantic movement. more positive sense in the writings of the German Romantic movement.

"Gothic art" was strongly criticized by French authors such as Boileau, La Bruyère, "Gothic art" was strongly criticized by French authors such as Boileau, La Bruyère,

Rousseau, before becoming a recognized form of art, and the wording becoming Rousseau, before becoming a recognized form of art, and the wording becoming

fixed.fixed.

Page 13: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

NOTABLE ARTWORKS

• Sculptures

The Western (Royal) Portal at The Western (Royal) Portal at

Chartres Cathedral (ca. 1145). Chartres Cathedral (ca. 1145).

These architectural statues These architectural statues

are the earliest Gothic are the earliest Gothic

sculptures and were a sculptures and were a

revolution in style and the revolution in style and the

model for a generation model for a generation

of sculptors.of sculptors.

International Gothic Mary Magdalene International Gothic Mary Magdalene

in St. John Cathedral in Toruńin St. John Cathedral in Toruń

Page 14: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

Gothic sculpture, late 15th century.Gothic sculpture, late 15th century.

Page 15: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Frescoes

Simone Martini (1285–1344)Simone Martini (1285–1344)

French late Gothic frescosFrench late Gothic frescos

Page 16: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Manuscripts and printmaking

Page 17: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

ManuscriptHours of Jeanne d'Evreux, by Jean Pucelle, Paris, 1320sManuscriptHours of Jeanne d'Evreux, by Jean Pucelle, Paris, 1320s

Page 18: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

• Stained Glass

Page 19: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art
Page 20: Romanesque Art and Gothic Art

Thank you! Thank you!