romance to remember: a journey of four decades
DESCRIPTION
Presentation by ICRISAT Pathologist Dr S Pande about his journey as a pathologist at ICRISAT and other organizations.TRANSCRIPT
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Romance to Remember: A Journey of 4 Decades
Suresh Pande Principal Scientist (Pathology)
Event: Seminar Venue: CF Bentley Conference Center Date: 12 April 2013
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• Passion for nature
• Passion to profession
• Return to mountains
• Mountains to tropics
• Stint in the desert
• Ahead of time
• Acknowledgement
In this Journey:
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Roots: Village Totarani, Dharmsala, Himachal Pradesh
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Home: Where it all began ? In the lap of nature
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In the lap of nature
Harcourt Butler Shimla
Walking to school
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The First Lesson
From the first time that I can remember, I was passionately fond of Nature.
Oh ! It used to make me mad with joy when I saw the clouds come up in the sky one by one.
I felt, even in those early days, that I was surrounded with a companionship very intense and very intimate, though I did not know how to name it.
I had such an exceeding love for Nature that I can not think in what way to describe it; but she was with me, and always revealing to me some fresh beauty.
That’s how perhaps I learnt my first lesson of science.
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The Three Questions
Why it is happening ?
How it is happening ?
What makes it happen ?
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Mushrooms:
• Spawn • Compost • Casing • Edible • Poisonous
The first opportunity
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Passion to Profession: Apple scab
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Raw Recruit Researcher
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Capping the Wheat Stem Rust before Ug 99
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Return to mountains
ARS 1977: IARI Delhi- VPKS Almora
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ARS 1977-80: IARI, Delhi- VPKS, Almora
Rust, Bunt, Smut: Wheat, Barley, Oats, and Triticales Blasts: Rice, Finger millet and other minor millets
Foliar diseases: Vegetables and legumes
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Mountains to Tropics: ICRISAT 1980-2013
Focus: HPR, On-farm, Capacity building
Crop Period Disease Region
Sorghum 1980-1990 SDM, Charcoal rot, Anthracnose
Asia, Western Africa Southern Africa
Millet 1980-1990 Downy mildew Western, Southern Africa
Finger millet 1980-1990 Blast Eastern, Southern Africa
Groundnut 1990-2000 Rosette, Foliar Western Africa
Chickpea 1990-2013 Wilt, Root rots, Foliar Asia
Pigeonpea 2000-2013 Wilt, Sterility mosaic, Phytophthora blight
Asia
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Sorghum Pathology 1980
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Sorghum Downy Mildew: Dharwad
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Innovation SDM Resistance Screening Technique- ToT- Zambia, Zimbabwe 1980’s
Field Incubator
Sandwich inoculation
News paper and Gunny bags
Infector row
Donor: SIDA
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SDM: Panmure, Zimbabwe
SDM: Matopos, Zimbabwe
SDM: Golden valley, Zambia
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Demonstrated the effect of: 1. Drought alone 2. Pathogen alone 3. Drought + Pathogen together
Epidemiology of Charcoal rot of Sorghum
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Evaluation and Identification of Charcoal rot Resistance Non-senescence sorghums, ICRISAT
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Evaluating severity of Charcoal rot in breeding material
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Leaf spots, Smut and cooperators /ICRISAT Scientists at Mali
Sorghum Smut
Sorghum: Africa + Asia Collaboration
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West Africa: Millet and Finger millet Downy mildew
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Foliar diseases, Rosette, On-farm and ICGV 91114
Groundnut Pathology: 1990’s
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Fungicides+Host plant resistance
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On-Farm + Capacity Building
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Farmers Participatory Identification of ICGV 91114
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Expansion of ICGV 91114
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Rosette of Groundnut Nigeria:
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Stint in the Desert
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Wheat Cultivation in the Desert
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Potato Cultivation in the Desert
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After Graduation in Desert, Return to ICRISAT
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Golden Era: Opportunities
• Chickpea and pigeonpea diseases
• Changing scenario of diseases / pathogens
• Climate change and emerging diseases
• New science tools and plant pathogens
• Legumes in RWCS: IGP & RRFL
• Succession and mentoring
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Chickpea Diseases and Their Management: HPR
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Normal scenario (1970-2000)
Changed scenario (2001-2010)
Less frequent
More frequent
Changing Scenario of Chickpea Diseases
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Pigeonpea Diseases and Their Management: HPR
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Constraints to Chickpea Production
The 6 Bs: • Boron deficiency
• Bhilt (Wilt)
• Botrytis gray mold (BGM)
• Borer (Pod borer)
• Bruchids (storage pests)
• Blue Bull/Boar
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ICM
IPM
INM
IDM
Approach Farmers Participatory Integrated Disease Management
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On-Farm IDM of BGM in Chickpea, Nepal
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0
5000
10000
15000
20000
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2000
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
Year
No
. o
f fa
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Adoption
On-farm ICM in Chickpea in Nepal
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On-Farm IDM of BGM in Chickpea, Bangladesh
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Chickpea area expansion in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh from 2008-09 to 2011-12.
State
329.28
803.03
728.00
1520.62
Are
a (
ha
)
RRFL: IPPPT– On-Farm
IPPPT expansion at targeted village/ district/state : 2008-09 to 2011-12
Before IPPPT
After IPPPT
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Chickpea area expansion at individual house hold
RRFL: IPPPT– On-Farm
Rajesh Dixit (farmer) Bahuribandh (village), Rewa (District), MP
Example: JAKI 315 (30kg seed = 10t)
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I Chickpea in RRFL of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh: IPPPT
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Looking Ahead
• Fungal Genomics
• Climate Change
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Isolate : Most virulent Platform: Illumuna Hi Seq200
Seq. Coverage 378.6x
Assembly size (Mb) 64.3
Total contig length (Mb) 61.9
Scaffolds 1241
Contigs 3899
Contig N50 (kb) 69
GC (%) 47.97
Predicted protein-coding genes
18104
tRNAs 302
SSR 1464
Transposable elements 4.48%
Gene Statistics of Foc
F. oxysporum f sp. ciceris Whole genome sequencing
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0 h 2 h 24 h
Total Gene expressed in each event during conidial morphogenesis
12679 12387 12917 12888
F. oxysporum f sp. ciceris: Transcriptome analysis
6 h
Comparative gene expression between events
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Establishment of CoE- CCRPP
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CoE- CCRPP: Infrastructure
Establishment of new facilities
Open Top Chamber (OTC)
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CoE- CCRPP: Infrastructure
Establishment of new facilities
Open Top Chamber (OTC) Ventilation controlled chamber
Plant Growth Chambers with RH, Temp, CO2 Facility
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Acknowledging encouragements
Dave
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Acknowledging the Adventures
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Acknowledging Mentors, Colleagues
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Acknowledging Colleagues in Legumes Pathology
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ICRISAT is a member of the CGIAR Consortium
Thank you!