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The Roman Military By Scott Wright For Mr. Smith’s Roman History Class icrosoft Office 97 - 2003 Docu

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Page 1: Roman powerpoint

The Roman Military

By Scott Wright

For Mr. Smith’s Roman History Class

Microsoft Office Word 97 - 2003 Document

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TOOLS OF WARSTRATEGY AND TACTICS

Topics of Discussion

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The Gladius (Sword)

This was the weapon of choice for hand to hand combat.

This would be about 50 cm with a double-edged blade

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The Pilum (Spear)

There were both thick and thin pilumThe thin ones had a long iron head and fit to

the 2 m handle through a socketThe thick pilum was 2 m and attached with a

5 cm tangThese were usually thrown before engaging

the enemy with the gladius

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Armor

One of the most important parts of a soldier’s equipment.

Roman armor was designed to protect against projectiles such as spears, arrows, swords, or daggers

Roman armor developed and improved over time

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Roman Armor 160 BC

Armor for this period usually consisted of a shield and body armor that varied upon rank

The shield was a curved oval made with wood and leather

These were very heavy (10kg)

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Roman Armor 160 BC continued…

Body armor for was made from a small square breastplate and one greave

A greave was worn on the left leg (the lead foot when fighting with a left-handed shield)

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Roman Armor 160 BC continued…

The heavy infantry wore a bronze helmet with plume to make a man look much taller

These soldiers were called principes

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Armor, 100BC – 200 AD

Recruitment was now open to any Roman citizen

Before, people with money entered the military, because a soldier had to pay for his own armor

With open recruitment, the military had to provide cheap, mass-produced armor

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Armor, 100BC – 200 AD, continued

The standard armor was improved for this period and was called the loric segmentata

This type of armor was segmented and made from strips of iron joined together with straps

It covered the chest and shoulders and weighed about 9kg

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Armor, 100BC – 200 AD, continued

The shield was improved as wellIt became rectangular instead of ovalThe front of the shield was often decorated

with patterns from a particular military unit

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Tools of the Siege

A siege was held against a fortified positionThe Romans developed huge siege engines to

attack the defenses of a fortified cityOne siege engine was the scorpion, which

was like a giant crossbow and threw large spears

Romans also used battering rams to break through enemy gates

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Strategy and Tactics

The military was very organizedEach legion had about 5,500 menThese were divided into ten units called

cohortsThe cohorts were divided into six centuries of

about 80 men eachEach century was commanded by a centurionThe legion also had about 120 cavalrymen

who acted as scouts

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Conclusion

The Roman armor and tactics made it the best military in the world during the height of the Roman Empire

THE ENDTHANK YOU!