role of natural gas-1 asge-tony · 9/1/2017 · fossil fuel emission levels pollutant natural gas...
TRANSCRIPT
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The Role of Natural Gas:Delivering Solutions to Customers in a New
Energy Economy
Presented to: American Society of Gas Engineers
Presented by: Energy Efficient Technology Department
June 7, 2011
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• Southwest Gas/EETD Background
• What is Southwest Gas/EETD Doing?
– Formed Energy Efficient Technology Department
– Delivering Solutions
• Gas cooling (available today)
• Gas cooling (on the horizon)
AGENDA
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SWG Service Territory
1.8 million customers
LasVegas
Phoenix
Tucson
Carson City
Victorville
1.8 Million Customers
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New Energy Economy for a Natural Gas Company
• Efficiency vs. overall efficiency
• Site vs. source (Full-Fuel-Cycle)
• Site only standards don’t work in a carbon constrained global environment
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28%efficient
ELECTRIC – about 72% lost in generation and transmission
RESOURCE OPTIMIZATIONSite versus Source
100%
92%efficient
NATURAL GAS – only 8% lost in distribution
100%
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Fossil Fuel Emission Levels
Pollutant Natural Gas Oil Coal
Carbon Dioxide 117,000 164,000 208,000
Carbon Monoxide 40 33 208
Nitrogen Oxides 92 448 457
Sulfur Dioxide 1 1,122 2,744
Particulates 7 84 2,744
Mercury 0.000 0.007 0.016
Pounds per Billion Btu’s of Energy Input
Source: Energy Information Administration (EIA) – Natural Gas Issues and Trends 1998
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EPA Water Heater CO2 Analysis
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What is Southwest Gas/EETD Doing?
• SWG Energy Efficient Technology Department Projects:
– Gas heat pumps (GHPs)• 8-ton & 15-ton multi-zone GHPs
• 11-ton packaged GHP
• Residential GHP in development
– DSM program to increase customer awareness of energy efficient products on the market today
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Gas-Fired Heat Pumps (GHP)
•The basic system for the heating and cooling cycle is the same as an electric heat pump (EHP)
•Main differences are:•A GHP uses a natural gas (or propane) fired engine to
drive its compressors instead of an electric motor
•Captures and uses waste heat from the engine
•Variable speed / variable capacity (versus on/off for electric units)
• Maximizing fuel economy
• Maximizing comfort
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Drivers for Gas Cooling
• Air conditioning load is the dominant energy use in the Southwest Gas service territory
– Most of our customers are in the three largest metro areas (Las Vegas, Phoenix, Tucson)
• A viable solution to alleviate increasing electric demand– Gas cooling can save over 80% of the electric usage
compared to electric air-conditioners
• Help flatten the company’s load profile– Purchase more 12-month gas and less winter peak gas
• 100+ year supply of inexpensive natural gas
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Spring Summer Fall Winter
Months
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n
Electric
Gas
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Spring Summer Fall Winter
Months
En
erg
y C
on
su
mp
tio
n
Electric
Gas
Elec w/GHP
Gas w/GHP
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Gas Heat Pumps – Packaged & Multi-Zone
Provides heating, cooling & captures waste heat
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Research, Development & Demonstration Partners
UTILITIES DEPARTMENTOF DEFENSE
DEPARTMENTOF ENERGY
Engineer Research andDevelopment Center
RESEARCH
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11-Ton Packaged GHP
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Packaged GHP Overview
Features Application Benefits
�11-ton
�R-410A
�Rooftop package
�Built in the U.S.
�Made for harsh temperatures of the desert Southwest
�Commercial
�Retrofit
�New construction
�Mounted on rooftop curb, similar to electric rooftop units
�Avoid high demand and time-of-use electric charges
�Highly efficient in both heating and cooling modes
�Captures and utilizes waste heat from the engine
�Saves water compared to electric units
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Environmental Merit of GHPs
Lower emissions
Save primary energy
Smaller carbon foot print
Ozone friendly
Water savings
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18
2010 Product Award
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GHP Demonstration
Yuma, AZ
* Fueled by propane
• Barstow, CA (Barstow Marine)
• Phoenix, AZ (Luke AFB)
• Las Vegas, NV (Nellis AFB)
• Yuma, AZ (Yuma Marine)
• CA desert (Ft. Irwin Army)*
Tucson, AZ (Davis Monthan AFB)
•Kitchen
•IT Building
•Two Offices
•Weapons Hanger
Department of Defense Demonstration Projects
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Commercial Applications
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Future DOD Applications
• Power Generation
• Domestic Hot Water Heating
• Dark Start (operate when grid down)
• JP8
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DOE Projects – Residential GHP• Funded through a Cooperative Research &
Development Agreement between SWG and ORNL
• Multi-function GHP – may include
– Domestic Hot Water Heating
– Hydronic Heating
• 3 – 5 Ton capacity single family unit
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Multi-ZoneAir Conditioning System
Ducted and ductless applications
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Multi-zone GHP
Features Application Benefit•8-ton & 15-ton
•R-410A
•Multi-Zones (up to 33 zones)
•Ground or roof mounted
•Designed to operate in extreme high and low temperatures
•Space saver on existing or future mechanical rooms
•Quiet as a whisper, 58 dB
•Lower operating cost than two or four pipe systems
•Manufactured in Japan
•Commercial buildings
•Custom & semi-custom residential
•New or retrofit construction
•Ducted, ductless, or combination of both
•Outdoor unit can be set back as far as 400 feet from the building
•Up to a total of 1,706 relative feet
•Can handle large 100, 200, 300+ tonnage applications
•Highly efficient in both heating and cooling modes
•All-in-one heating and cooling unit
•Multi-zone feature provides higher comfort level
•Potential for innovative building design with ductless capabilities
•Fully optimizing part loads (IPL)
•Freeing up electricity for redistribution within the facilities
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Bullhead City, Arizona
SWG Office BuildingsPhoenix, Arizona
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SWG Office Building in Las Vegas
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South Operations
Only 150 sq ft needed for almost 60 tons of conditioning
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Site Savings – Energy / Water
28
Site Use
HVAC System
Tons of
Cooling
Capacity
Natural Gas
(therms)
Natural Gas
Cost Electric (kwh) Electric Cost
Water Use
(Gallons) Water Cost
Total Energy
& Water Cost Cost / sq. ft.
Cost / ton
cooling
GHP 113 42,000 $ 38,000 44,000 $ 5,000 - $ - $ 43,000 $ 0.74 $ 381
Gas Chiller/Gas Boiler 120 30,000 $ 27,000 269,000 $ 28,000 2,246,000 $ 7,000 $ 62,000 $ 1.07 $ 517
Electric Chiller/Gas
Boiler120 20,000 $ 18,000 629,000 $ 66,000 2,246,000 $ 7,000 $ 91,000 $ 1.57 $ 758
One year of operation, July 2009 – July 2010
Note: Chiller and boiler systems are estimated based on calculations
$19K savings (GHP vs.
Gas Chiller)
$48K savings (GHP vs. Electric
Chiller)
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Source Savings Energy / Water / Carbon
29
One year of operation, July 2009 – July 2010
Source Use
Primary
Energy
(therms)
Total Water
Use (gallons)
CO2
Production
(lbs)
54,000 18,000 540,000
68,000 2,354,000 680,000
101,000 2,498,000 1,010,000
HVAC System
Tons of
Cooling
Capacity
GHP 113
Gas Chiller/Gas Boiler 120
Electric Chiller/Gas
Boiler120
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Using Natural Gas On-Site Can Be a “Bridge” or“Super Highway” To a More Efficient, Secure, and
Environmentally-Friendly Era of Energy Use.