role of microwave rf systems and technology in addressing

The most important thing we build is trust

Role of microwave RF systems and technology in addressing future threats to global defence & security – a view from a subsystem supplier Prof Vincent Mifsud TD CTO – Europe Cobham plc

2011 Defence and Security Forum

Cobham plc

Structure of (short) presentation

Session:

A forum to share a view of future threats to global safety, security and defence, and the role of microwave RF systems and technology in addressing these risks

• Introduction to Cobham

– setting the context

– Programmes with interesting technology

• Trends in global safety, security and defence

– The ‘threats’

• Key Technologies

– The ‘opportunities’

• Interaction between R&D community and industry

– Working with Cobham

Microwave Conference – October 2011 1

Cobham plc 2

61% Group revenue from the USA - 77% from defence and security markets

USA 61%

(2009: 62%)

Mainland

Europe 12% (2009: 12%)

Australia 10% (2009: 8%)

UK 9% (2009: 9%)

RoW 8% (2009: 9%)

US Defence /

Security 53%

(2009: 55%)

Non US Defence / Security

15% (2009: 14%)

Commercial/GA 9%

(2009: 9%)

Other

Communication 9%

(2009: 10%)

Aviation Services 14%

(2009: 12%)

• Geography • Sector

• Specialises in products, services and sub-systems, that protect lives and livelihoods

• Capabilities increasingly centred around C4ISR and the insatiable demand for data, connectivity and bandwidth, with weight, size and power consumption critical factors

• Meet this growing demand with a diverse and innovative range of technologies and services, responding to customer needs with agility that differentiates us

• Annual revenue approaching £2bn / $3bn ; Employs over 11,000 people on five continents

Cobham at a Glance

Microwave Conference – October 2011

Cobham plc

Aerospace Communications Integrated Avionics Antenna and Satcom systems Tactical Defence Communication Surveillance Solutions Composites & masts Life saving situational awareness, security & tactical communication

3

Cobham Divisional Capabilities

Air-to-Air Refuelling Weapons Carriage and Release Systems Safety and Survival Systems Warfare Training Aerospace Engineering Special Mission Operations Explosive Ordnance Disposal robots and technology Enabling safe and successful missions

Cobham

Mission Systems

Sensor Systems for C4ISR Electronic Warfare Systems Composite Radomes and Airframe Structures Semiconductor Components and Technologies High End Scientific, Engineering and Technical Assistance Enabling success by providing a 360º mission perspective

Cobham in the UK – A grouping of Tier 2/3 (S)MEs sharing a common vision and strategy

Cobham

Defence Systems

Cobham

Aerospace and

Security


Cobham plc

Areas of Interesting Technology (1)

Software defined / Cognitive Radio and SATCOM


• Enables up to 12 IP Radio nodes to connect together in a ‘Fluid Self Healing Mesh’.

•Each node can be a source of video, audio or IP data.

• COFDM IP Mesh readjusts itself as nodes move

•Works out which are in range and finding the best route to send data

• Operates on a single narrow band frequency and it is multi-directional - <1GHz to >7GHz bands

• Excellent range and NLOS capability.

Comms satellite

LAND

SEA

AIR

• Programmes

• Internal PV

• Industrial partnerships

• US DoD (Army, Navy)

• MOD (dstl)

Cobham plc

Areas of Interesting Technology (2)


Cobham plc 6 6

Areas of Interesting Technology (3) - Advanced Sensors

Aspects of Intelligent Sensing – May 2011

DISCRETE

MW and

Comm

ANTENNAS

PHASED

ARRAY

and

Tunable

ANTENNAS

MULI-BEAM / MULTI-FUNCTION

EMBEDDED DSP and Algorithms

MULTI-SPECTRAL SENSORS

ANALOG /

SIMPLE

SENSOR

MODULES

DIGITAL

SENSOR

MODULES

DAC

F1 freq offset

F1 I

F1 Q

F2 I

F2 Q

Input data rate

0.5 to 1Gsps I &

Q

(500MHz

shown)

Output data rate

4Gsps to DAC

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

F1 Coeff

select

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Coarse

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

Complex

MULT

MUX

MUX

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

SUM

Complex

MULT

To

DDR

F1 Sideband &

Phase select

DDS

(complex

Output)

DDS

(complex

Output)

F2 freq offset F2 Sideband &

Phase select

More freq channels

(future)

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Coarse

F2 Coeff

select

MULT

MULT

F1 Amplitude

F2

Amplitude

…

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

DAC

F1 freq offset

F1 I

F1 Q

F2 I

F2 Q

Input data rate

0.5 to 1Gsps I &

Q

(500MHz

shown)

Output data rate

4Gsps to DAC

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

F1 Coeff

select

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Coarse

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

Complex

MULT

MUX

MUX

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

SUM

Complex

MULT

To

DDR

F1 Sideband &

Phase select

DDS

(complex

Output)

DDS

(complex

Output)


Phase select

More freq channels

(future)

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Coarse

F2 Coeff

select

MULT

MULT

F1 Amplitude

F2

Amplitude

…

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

F1 freq offset

F1 I

F1 Q

F2 I

F2 Q

Input data rate

0.5 to 1Gsps I &

Q

(500MHz

shown)

Output data rate

4Gsps to DAC

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

F1 Coeff

select

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Coarse

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

Complex

MULT

MUX

MUX

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

SUM

Complex

MULT

To

DDR

F1 Sideband &

Phase select

DDS

(complex

Output)

DDS

(complex

Output)


Phase select

More freq channels

(future)

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Coarse

F2 Coeff

select

MULT

MULT

F1 Amplitude

F2

Amplitude

…

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

F1 I

F1 Q

F2 I

F2 Q

Input data rate

0.5 to 1Gsps I &

Q

(500MHz

shown)

Output data rate

4Gsps to DAC

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

F1 Coeff

select

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Coarse

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

Complex

MULT

MUX

MUX

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

SUM

Complex

MULT

To

DDR

F1 Sideband &

Phase select

DDS

(complex

Output)

DDS

(complex

Output)


Phase select

More freq channels

(future)

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Coarse

F2 Coeff

select

MULT

MULT

F1 Amplitude

F2

Amplitude

…

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

RocketIO RocketIO

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

F1 Coeff

select

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR22 22 22Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Coarse

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

Complex

MULT

MUX

MUX

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

FIR Filter

4 sets

4 Taps

SUM

Complex

MULT

To

DDR

F1 Sideband &

Phase select

DDS

(complex

Output)

DDS

(complex

Output)


Phase select

More freq channels

(future)

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band


FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band


FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

2 2 2Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band


FIR

Half band

FIR

Half band

FIR

F1 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Fine

F2 Delay

Select

Coarse

F2 Coeff

select

MULT

MULT

F1 Amplitude

F2

Amplitude

…

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Coarse

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

Adjustable

Fine

Step Delay

EO/IR SENSORS

RF SENSORS

POSITIONERS

SYNTHETIC VISION

Weapon Station

SYSTEMS

NETWORKED EVERYTHING DATA

LINKS

and COMM

WIDE

AREA Mesh

NETWORK/

IP

• Cobham has a number of internally and externally funded programmes in these areas, led by Cobham Defence Systems.

• The trend is to embedding more intelligence within the individual sensors, to exploit multi-band sensing, and to integrate more capability as far forward as possible.

Cobham plc

Global Safety, Security and Defence - The threat (1)


• Shift in Economic Power

• Financial Stability in Western States

• Emerging consumer class in Far Eastern countries

• Population pressure

• Energy

• Environmental

• Natural Disasters (earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes)

• Man-made events

• Ideology

• Religious intolerance

• Human emotions (hate / envy / greed) – repressive states

• Technology

• Communications (global village)

• Access to information

Global Driving Factors – the underlying ‘why’

• Global War

• Regional War

• Large in-country incident

• Small in-country incident

• Local incident

Likely effects of drivers – the ‘what’

• Armed Forces

• Paramilitary Organisations

• Security/Intelligence Services

• Police

• Humanitarian

• Local Social Services

Constraints

• Falling budgets

• Political Instability

• Skill shortages

Cobham plc

Global Safety, Security and Defence - The threat (2)


Specific challenges:

• Resilience in communications for rescue and security organisations

• Asymmetric warfare (SF, independent, no front line)

• Advanced technology for destructive purposes (IED triggers)

• Piracy and theft

• Denial of information (GPS, data, voice)

• Difficult environments (hills, urban)

• Sensing from a distance or through obstacles

Cobham plc

Global Safety, Security and Defence - Key Technologies (1)

Resilience in Communications / difficult environments:

• Bandwidth congestion and jamming

• Ever higher frequencies

• Spread spectrum and advanced frequency hopping techniques

• Cognitive radio

• Anti-jamming beam steering and signal injection

• Fewer antennas

• Robust coding and modulation

• COFDM

• Adaptive radio

• MESH techniques

• Space based links

• Mobile terminals with improved characteristics

• Phased arrays

• MANET


Cobham plc

Global Safety, Security and Defence - Key Technologies (2)

Asymmetric warfare / IED threats / terrorism:

• Jamming technology

• Fast analysis of threats

• Communications through jamming

• Detection and neutralisation of triggers

• Anti-jamming technology

• GPS (location and timing)

• Surveillance

• High capacity wireless links (real time video)

• Advanced sensor types e.g. passive./active millimetric and Terahertz

• Intelligent multi-spectral sensors to identify threats

• Aircraft free flight and unmanned


Cobham plc

Global Safety, Security and Defence - Underpinning Technologies

• Maturing MMIC technologies offering increased microwave capability e.g. GaN offering increased bandwidth and higher power

• Innovative power amplifier designs e.g. Class J and F amplifiers

• Innovative preamplifiers and filters

• Higher levels of microwave integration on-chip e.g. SiGe combining rf and logic

• Lower cost packaging techniques and technologies e.g. Soft board RF CCAs, plastic packaging for RF

• Integrated RF and antenna structures for lower cost but higher perofrmance phased arrays

• Nano and meta materials as enablers


Cobham plc 12 12

Working with Cobham A grouping of (S)MEs in many markets


Cobham plc

Summary

Session:

A forum to share a view of future threats to global safety, security and defence, and the role of microwave RF systems and technology in addressing these risks

• Cobham is a major sub-system supplier in a number of markets that use microwaves e.g. SATCOM, EW, radar, advanced communications

• Significant enduring threats to global safety, security and defence

• Microwaves have a key part to play in meeting this threat; some key technologies relate to specific operational needs

• Importance of the interaction between R&D community and industry


Cobham plc 14

The most important thing we build is trust


role of microwave rf systems and technology in addressing

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