role of ict for health
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ROLEOF ICT ON
HEALTH
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INTRODUCTION
Improved health and poverty reduction go hand inhand, not least since good health is a prerequisite for
better living conditions. Hence, three out of eight
Millennium Development Goals are related to health
issues. There is an urgent need to improve child andmaternal health, and combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and
other diseases.
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CONT
ICT can extend health education, transfer advice on
treatment, and bring help where health personnel are out of
reach. Smart combinations of ICT can be used to improve
planning and delivery of health services As well as awareness raising and preventive measures, not
least through edutainment efforts that combined different
media and communication technologies in innovative ways.
All in all, both the health sector at large as well as individual
citizens can benefit from improved information and
communication, thus strengthening the right to development
through better health.
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OBJECTIVES
Increasing quality of care and efficiency.
Reducing operating costs of clinical
services.
Reducing administrative costs.
Enabling entirely new modes of care.
Reducing an unhealthy distanceImproving the information and
communication technology infrastructure
in the health sector
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CONT
Improve access to and management of health
information.
Improve access to quality health services.
Improve ICT knowledge, capability and
utilization among health workers
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LITERATURE REVIEWFORROLEOF ICT INHEALTH
Nichols: Healthcare is an information
intensive industry.
professionals rely on access to correct and
comprehensive information, when and where
they need it, to inform the daily decisions
they make about a persons care.
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CONT
Information and communications technology is
largely absent from the way we generate,
capture and share health information as we
continue our reliance on handwritten paper
records. To say that this reliance on paper is
inefficient, wastes money and scarce resources
and compromises patient safety and the qualityof care is an understatement (Nichols, 2008).
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DZENOWAGIS(2005)
According to WHO, the use of ICTs in health is not
merely about technology (Dzenowagis, 2005)but a
means to reach a series of desired outcomes:
health workers making better treatment decisionshospitals providing higher quality and safer care
people making informed choices about their own
healthgovernments becoming more responsive to health
needs
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CONT
national and local information systems
supporting the development of effective,
efficient and equitable health systems
policy makers and the public aware of health
risks
People having better access to the information
and knowledge they need for better health.
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AMREF: USINGTELEMEDICINETOIMPROVE
RURALHEALTH
The African Medical and ResearchFoundation (AMREF) are improving its
clinical outreach program
The primary goal is to improve the quality of
and access to specialist care.mer with the help
of telemedicine
The secondary goal is to improve care through
training using tele-consultation and CME
courses (AMREF, 2009).
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CONT
An AMREF clinician and consultant physicians
consult on specific cases. Clinical staff from
the rural hospital use email to forward the case
notes and supporting images of the patients to
be seen the following day. Notes may be
scanned images of handwritten notes or PC-
based using proprietary software.
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AJEET MATHUR: ITSROLEINDESIGNOFHEALTHCARE
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES.
IT has created opportunities for optimizing linkages
between domestic markets and exports/imports which is
reflected in the design of healthcare products and
services.
The notion of `Telemedicine thus emerged as the
practice of using audio, visual and data communications
for medical consultations, diagnosis, treatment, nursing
care, medical education and transfer of medical data
together with a broader concept of `TeleHealth whichincludes Telemedicine and healthcare management,
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A. OMOTOSHO, O.J. EMUOYIBOFARHE, O. ADEGBOOLA
ETAL:
ICT in Health care delivery system: a
Framework for developing nations
The aim of Information and CommunicationTechnologies (ICT) for Health (also known as
eHealth) is to improve significantly the quality,
access and efficacy of healthcare for allcitizens.
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CONT
This paper aims to discuss how ICT has
contributed of health in different part of
the world, its cost effectiveness and
provide a framework for implementation
in developing countries with evidences to
why developing nations must embrace the
opportunity and benefits of ICT in theirhealth sector reform (A. Omotosho, 2012).
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ROBERT RUDOWSKI:
Impact of Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT) on Health Care
The most important are accessibility to health careservices by citizens, economical aspect and quality of
care aspect. The main goal is to provide access for the
citizen at any time and in any place. eHealth can
certainly provide such an access especially in theregions where physician may not be available.
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CONT
EHealth can decrease the costs of health
care by decentralizing the care enabling
medical services at a lower level where
they are cheaper
e.g. regional hospital instead of university
hospital, or by avoiding patient transport
to the hospital when it is not necessary(Robert Rudowski.
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FINDINGSFROMTHELITERATURE
Telemedicine - use of medical information exchangedfrom one site to another via electronic
communications to improve patients' health status.
(ATA)
Telehealth use of information and communicationand technologies to deliver health services and
transmit health information over both long and short
distances. Its about transmitting voice, data, images,
and information rather than moving patients or
healthcare practitioners and educators. (CST)
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CONT
E-Health- EHealth is a relatively new term in
health care practice and one of the most rapidly
growing areas in health and ICT today. The
World Health Organization defines eHealth asthe cost-effective and secure use of information
and communications technologies (ICT) in
support of health and health- related fields,
including health-care services, healthsurveillance, health literature , and health
education, knowledge and research.(WHO
2005).
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Ehealth is the use of information and
communication technologies (ICT) forhealth
(WHO, 2008).
Telenursing - is the practice of nursing overdistance using telecommunication technology.
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Although the use of ICT in healthcare can offer
several benefits to the society, the adoption of
electronic healthcare services relies also on
ethical and societal aspects such as the trust thatend-users (e.g., patients and physicians) has
towards such services.
There are three main areas in which ICT can
help to make healthcare more effective andefficient. These are :
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CONT
management of healthcare
medical treatment
prevention.
The decreasing cost and size of sensors,
monitors and other equipment enables both
novel uses for existing technologies and
applications of completely new technologies.
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EXTRAKNWLGE
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CONT.
ICT diffusion index can be calculated from the
formula:
ICT diffusion = (Connectivity + Access+ Policy) /3
ICT diffusion takes on values from 0 to 1 range (eg.
Iceland has the highest ICT diff in Europe = 0,76);
Low ICT diffusion value for a given country
indicates obstacles in eHealth development. Better
telecommunications infrastructure, more reliable
and user friendly access devices are of a high
priority in developing countries.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
A. Omotosho, ict in health care delivery system: a
framework for developing nations, O. E. (2012).
Ajeet Mathur, ITs role in design of healthcare
products and services, S. 2. (September 2003).
AMREF, using telemedicine to improve rural health,
(2009).
Dzenowagis. (2005).
Nichols, P. e. (2008). Robert Rudowski, D. o. (n.d.), Impact of Information
and Communication Technologies (ICT) on Health
Care
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