role of aqueous aerosol in the build up of large upper tropospheric moisture anatoli bogdan...
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![Page 1: Role of aqueous aerosol in the build up of large upper tropospheric moisture Anatoli Bogdan Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Austria](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070401/56649f1b5503460f94c31a4e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Role of aqueous aerosol in the build up of large upper tropospheric moisture
Anatoli Bogdan
Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Austria
andDepartment of Physics, University of Helsinki
Finland
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ContentsIntroduction - observational data of UT moisture - water activity criterion
Approaches for explanation of large UT moisture - cubic ice hypothesis - organic coating around sulfuric acid aerosol - glassy organic (citric acid) aerosol - mixed-phase cirrus cloud particles
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Observations of UT moisture
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The warming is large at the upper troposphere in the tropics and the lower troposphere in the northern high latitude. http://www.mri-jma.go.jp/Dep/cl/cl4/yosoku/yosoku-en.htm
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Water activity criterion
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Maximum RHi of aqueous aerosol droplets which is allowed by a water activity criterion (WAC).
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Equilibrium partial pressures of the components of ideal and non-ideal binary solution as a function of the mole fraction XA. When XA → 1, we have a dilute solution of B in A. In this region the Raoult’s law pA = XA p*A is applied for A. In the region where XA → 0, we have the Raoult’s law pB = XB p*B for B component.
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,
solw
w
pa
pWater activity may be approximated as
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Cubic ice hypothesis
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Hexagonal ice
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The arrangement of water molecules in hexagonal ice
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Cubic ice
Hexagonal ice lattice
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Diffraction patterns from frozen emulsified droplets of 30 wt % HNO3.
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Ratio of vapor pressure of cubic and hexagonal ices
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The hypotheses of organic coating around sulfuric acid aerosol
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Organic coating of sulfuric acid aerosol
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The hypotheses of concentrated glassy citric acid aerosol
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Calorimetric thermograms of emulsified 17 wt% H2SO4 and 17/3 wt% H2SO4/HNO3.
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Complete and truncated thermograms of 20wt% H2SO4.
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16 Cooling
Droplets are on hydrophobic surface.
50 μm
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17Cooling
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18Cooling
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19 Cooling
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20Cooling
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21Cooling
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22Cooling
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23Cooling
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Warming
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