rocks
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Rocks. 3.1. The Rock Cycle. Igneous Rocks. Form from the solidification of melted minerals (magma or lava). Magma = melted rock underground Lava = melted rock aboveground Extrusive Igneous Rocks – Rocks formed from hardened lava. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Rocks
3.1
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The Rock Cycle
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Igneous Rocks• Form from the solidification of melted minerals (magma or
lava).– Magma = melted rock underground– Lava = melted rock aboveground
• Extrusive Igneous Rocks – Rocks formed from hardened lava.– Quick cooling results in extrusive igneous rocks with fine-grained
or glassy textures.• Intrusive Igneous Rocks – Rocks formed from hardened
magma.– Slow cooling results in intrusive igneous rocks with coarse-grained
textures.
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Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks may be made of rock fragments—sediments—or by chemical reactions. The classification of sediments is shown below.
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3 Types of Sedimentary Rock
• Clastic– Sedimentary rocks made of cemented sediments.
• Chemical– Form from chemical precipitation. When minerals
settle out from a solution, they come together to form chemical rocks.
• Organic– Rocks that come from the remains of organic
matter. A good example is coal.
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Clastic
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Chemical
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Organic
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Metamorphic Rocks
• Formed when heat and pressure changes existing rock.
• This can be done 2 ways:• Contact Metamorphism (heat driven) – when magma
intrudes into a previously existing rock layer, and “bakes” the surrounding rock.• Regional Metamorphism (pressure driven) – when
intense pressure is applied to previously existing rock. Is driven by plate tectonics.
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Contact Metamorphism
Previously Existing Rock
Contact Metamorphism
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Contact Metamorphism Cont…
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Regional Metamorphism
Pressure Pressure
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Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Foliated• Have a banded appearance.
Non-Foliated• No banded appearance.