road layouts

8/4/2019 Road Layouts

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ROAD LAYOUTS


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GRIDIRON: Site is divided into square or rectangularblocks.

Advantages: Blocks and services are easy to layout.Disadvantages: Causes traffic congestion due to thefrequent crossings created.


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M ANHATTAN

Gridiron street pattern imposedon the landscape without paying attention to the topography.


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RADIAL: Used to connect the center of the

city to the outskirts in a ripple manner.


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B ARON HAUSS M ANS PARISB OULEVARDS


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M ETROM ANILA ROADM AP

Combination half-circumferentialand radial roads.


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MEANDERING: Used in highly mountainoussites. Following the contours of thetopography.


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M EDIEVAL TOWNS


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COMBINATION: Using both the geometric andmeandering street patterns. Geometricstreet pattern is used where the terrain is flatand meandering where the terrain is rolling.


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MODIFIED GRIDS:Advantage: Easy and direct manner as well as the easyinstallation of services following the grids of the streets.Disadvantage: Its relative monotony.

TYPICALGRID


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MODIFIED GRID: Central Loop


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MODIFIED GRID: Outside Loop


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CUL-DE-SAC: Shaped so that the fronting housesautomatically create an enclosed space.

Should not be longer than 500mA long version is considered a straight street

with a turnaroundUtilizes an odd parcel of land to full advantage


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C UL-DE-SA C


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C UL-DE-SA C


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LOOPS: Good opportunities exist for varied andinteresting house groups on lots flanking loopedstreets.Disadvantage: Narrowness of certain lot frontages

esp. along the curvature of the loop.


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STREET

C LASSIFI C ATION

Major Roads - Major arterials,highways, bi-ways,expressways, super-highways,freeways, motorways,

autobahns, etc.

Secondary Roads - Minorarterial, avenue, boulevard,etc.

Collector Streets - Maininterior streets

Local Streets - Local service

streets

Cul-de-sac - Dead-ends, turnaround, T junction, Y junction,hammer, loop


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DEAD-ENDS


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C APA C ITY & C HARA C TER

Capacity refers to the no. of vehicles that canmove safely through a segment within a giventime.

No. of lanes and their widths, curb radius, superelevation of the pavement

Character refers to its suitability for pedestrian

activities and a variety of bldg. types Associated bldgs., frontage, and landscape types,

and sidewalk width


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A long-distance,medium speed

vehicular corridor thattraverses opencountry.

It should be relativelyfree of intersections,driveways andadjacent buildings;

otherwise it becomesa strip, whichinterferes with trafficflow.


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AUTO B AHN, GER M ANY


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A long-distance,medium speedvehicular corridorthat traverses anurbanized area.

It is usually lined byparallel parking,wide sidewalks, orside mediansplanted with trees.Buildings uniformlyline the edges.


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B OULEVARDS


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C HA M PS ELYSEE, PARIS


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A short-distance,medium speedconnector thattraverses an urbanarea. Unlike aboulevard, its axis isterminated by a civicbuilding ormonument.

An avenue may beconceived as anextremely elongatedsquare .


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WASHINGTON D. C .


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Q UEZON AVENUE


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An edge bet. An urbanand a naturalcondition, usuallyalong a waterfront,park or promontory.One side of the drivehas the urbancharacter of aboulevard, withsidewalk andbuildings, while theother has the qualitiesof a parkway, withnaturalistic planting and rural detailing.


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LAKESHORE DRIVE, C HIC AGO


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STREETA small-scale, low speedlocal connector. Streetsprovide frontage for high-density buildings such asoffices, shops, apartmentbuildings and rowhouses.

A street is urban incharacter, with raisedcurbs, closed drainage,wide sidewalks, parallelparking, trees in individualplanting areas, and bldgs.aligned on short setbacks.


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RURAL ROADSA small-scale, lowspeed connector.Roads provide frontagefor low-density bldgs.Such as houses.It tends to be rural incharacter with opencurbs.

The rural road has nocurbs and is lined bypathways, irregular treeplanting, anduncoordinated bldg.setbacks.


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ALLEYS

A narrow access routeservicing the rear of thebuildings on a street.Alleys have no sidewalks,

landscaping, or building setbacks.

They are usually paved totheir edges, with centerdrainage via an invertedcrown.


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LANE

A narrow access routebehind houses on aroad.

Lanes are rural incharacter with anarrow strip of paving

at the center or nopaving.


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PASSAGE

A very narrow, pedestrian-only connector cutting between buildings.

It provides shortcutsthrough long blocks orconnect rear parking areas with streetfrontages.

It may be roofed over andlined by shopfronts.


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PATH

A very narrowpedestrian andbicycleconnectortraversing apark or the open

country.


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PARKING


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TYPI C AL PARKING LAYOUT


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TYPI C AL PARKING FOR B UILDING


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