road cutting stability and the walls came tumbling down. (def lepard, 1982) d.turner march 2002

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Road Cutting Stability Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

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Gabion walls

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Page 1: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Road Cutting StabilityRoad Cutting Stability

And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Page 2: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

West portal of the Penmaenmawr A55 Road tunnel, N.Wales

West portal

scree

rhyolite

Page 3: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Gabion walls

Page 4: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Shotcrete( sprayed concrete )

Pattern bolting

Page 5: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

rock anchors steeply

dipping beds

Page 6: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Cross-section

Page 7: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Rock

anchors

dental masonry

Page 8: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Wire nettingWhy use this

rather than rock anchors?

• free face composed of shales and minor sandstones

• soft, friable shales difficult to support with single anchor point

• netting anchored to harder, more competent sandstone units

Page 9: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Concrete Sea Wall at Robin Hood’s Bay

Page 10: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Retaining & rock-fall

walls

Pattern bolting

scree slope

Concrete tunnel

liningRoadside rock-

fall barrier

View of west portal

Page 11: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002

Unsupported limestone beds dipping steeply

towards the road

Vassaliki, Greece

Page 12: Road Cutting Stability And the walls came tumbling down. (Def Lepard, 1982) D.Turner March 2002