rnp ar apch approvals: an operator’s perspective material/lima, peru 17 to 20 june... · any...

The statements contained herein are based on good faith assumptions and provided for general information purposes only. These statements do not constitute an offer, promise, warranty or guarantee of performance. Actual results may vary depending on certain events or conditions. This document should not be used or relied upon for any purpose other than that intended by Boeing.

RNP AR APCH Approvals: An Operator’s Perspective

Presented to: ICAO Introduction to Performance Based Navigation Seminar

Jeff RobertsSenior Manager

Navigation Services

COPYRIGHT © 2007 THE BOEING COMPANY

ICAO PBN Standards – RNP AR APCH

Navigation specifications

RNAV RNP

RNP 4OceanicRemote

RNAV 5RNAV 2RNAV1Route

Terminal

RNP10OceanicRemote

Basic-RNP1RNP APCH

RNP AR APCHvarious phases

RNPAdditional

requirement 3D & 4D


RNP AR Approach Enabling Features

R

R

2 RNP

2 RNP

2 R

NP

2 R

NP

STEP 2:Locate Turn Center

STEP 1:

SegmentInitialFix

a=Rb=R+(2xRNP)c=R-(2xRNP)

SegmentTerminating

Fix

STEP 3

STEP 4

STEP 5

a

b

c

Tangent Points

Tangent Points

Apply para 2-2

Radius to Fix (RF) Segments Vertical Error Budget & Guided Missed Approach

Narrow Segments

Narrow lateral linear segments(RNP-0.3 or less with no secondary buffers)

Curved segments anywhere along the approach(Radius-to-fix legs with shorter leg lengths)

Guided, narrower turns on missed approaches(Radius-to-fix legs, and RNP-1 or less)

Performance-based Vertical Buffers(Vertical Error Budget )


Why Do Airline Operators Want RNP?

• Improved safety

• Decreased operating costs

• Increased schedule integrity

• Reduced environmental impact

• Increased revenue

Reduced inter-arrival spacing

Options for sequencing

More efficient routing via paths of specified width


Key Considerations for Obtaining RNP AR APCH Operational Approval

• Airline operational requirements specified by state regulations–Navigation Specification does not

constitute authorization,–Aircraft certified by state of manufacture–Operators authorized by state of registry

• RNP AR Approach operational approval from regulatory agency–RNP AR APCH operational approval similar

to Cat II and Cat III ILS approval• Airline shows it meets standards for:

–Equipment, training documentation, operations manuals and checklists, safety and MEL considerations


Successful RNP AR APCH Operational Implementation Requires All The Elements Be In Place

Airport & FacilityCapability

RegulatoryCapability

X X

AirlineCapability

X

Airplane Capability

Air TrafficCapability

X


Regulatory Capability for RNP AR APCH Operations

• Procedure criteria• Operations requirements• Approval process

• ICAO Performance Based Navigation Manual



Airport and Facility Capability for RNP AR APCH Operations

• GPS availability– RNP AR approaches are only

authorized based on GNSS as the primary Navaid infrastructure

• Location / Characteristics of Runway

• Airport data - ICAO Annex 15–Terrain–Obstacles



Air Traffic Capability for RNP AR APCH Operations

• To implement RNP Operations the airline must have access to RNP flight procedures

–Public Procedures–Airline In-house–Third party contract,

– e.g. Jeppesen• Air Traffic Control

–ATC procedures–Controller training–Automation tools



• In-service and new purchase airplanes must be configured properly to ensure capability– Certified min RNP– System integrity/alert– Operation continuity

Airplane Capability

Airplane Capability for RNP AR APCH Operations


Airline Capability for RNP AR APCH Operations

Application package• Airlines must develop detailed application

packages demonstrating RNP AR APCH requirements are met (RNP 0.30 or less)

• ICAO PBN Manual–Working Draft 5.1 – Final–Volume II – “Implementing RNAV and RNP”, –Part C – Implementing RNP”, –Chapter 6 – “Implementing RNP AR APCH”

• Qualified aircraft• Navigation database validation• Crew operating procedures • Airline dispatch procedures • Training• Monitoring and Reporting

AirlineCapability


RNP AR APCH Operational Implementation Process from Operator Perspective

Step 1: Project Planning• Define objectives & requirements• Determine applicable regulations• Define plan and schedule

Step 2: Procedure Design and Validation, if Required• Design RNP procedures• Conduct simulator flight assessment• On-site evaluation flight if required

Step 4: Prepare for Operation Implementation and Validation• Start flight crew initial training • Conduct dispatch / operation training• Perform operation validation flight

Step 5: Operational Approval and Implementation• Review & approve operation under VMC / VFR• Oversight operation standardization• Approve operation under IFR

Example of RNP AR APCH operational implementation process

Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval• Update Operations Specifications• Revise manual/ checklist and training plan• Review with the regulatory authority


Step 1 Project Planning – Plan

• Select project manager• Define project objectives and requirements• Map out a long term vision of goals • Read and understand the appropriate

regulatory requirements• Assess company capabilities and needs• Define project plan and schedule• Collect airport information, if required



Step 1: Project Planning – Analyze

• Perform cost-benefit analysis– Understand and quantify the potential

benefits of RNP operation– Define the costs to achieve RNP operation

capability and approval • Perform capability - gap analysis

– Determine what resources are required to perform the program plan

– Match this with company capabilities– Develop plan to meet shortfalls



Step 1 Project Planning – Do

• Build a core team with skills required for success

• Explain the project plan, tasks and responsibilities

• Core team members should commit their availability for project duration



Assemble teams to accomplish technical elements of plan

• Typical Team Structure:– Core Supervisory Team– Procedures Team– Aircraft Team– Operations Team– Training Team



Step 1: Project Planning – Review and Refine Plan

• Review project plan with key stakeholders, including regulator

• Refine project plan as appropriate• Key Considerations

– Most project plans require change and adjustments

– Understand and prepare for change– Build time into schedule for

unscheduled events



Step 2: Procedure Design and Validation -Key Tasks

• Conduct feasibility study– Choose design criteria*– Estimate approach minima

• Design RNP Procedures:– Build procedures that comply with project plan– Evaluate data integrity, FMS coding and PBN

compliance– Validate procedures through simulation and

regulatory guidance– Demonstrate procedures as part of validation

flight, if required

Step 2: Procedure Design and Validation, if Required

• Design RNP procedures• Conduct simulator flight assessment• On-site evaluation flight if required

For Training Purposes Only

* RNP AR APCH Design Critieria in ICAO RNP AR Procedure Design Manual


Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval – Example Contents

Navigation Database Validation

Flight Operations / Operation Specifications

Training Program Revisions

Maintenance Procedure Revisions

Aircraft and System Qualification

Operational Safety Assessment

Regulatory Compliance

Airport and Facility Considerations

Air Traffic Coordination

RNP Operations Monitoring

Airline Validation Plan

Minimum Equipment List Revision

Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval

• Update Operations Specifications• Revise manual / checklist and training plan• Review with the regulatory authority

Example contents for “Application Package for Operational Approval for RNP Operations”


Flight Operations / Operation Specifications

Documents conditions and limitations for RNP AR APCH approval, e.g.

• Qualifications and limitations–flight crews, –flight operations–dispatchers

• Standard procedures for conducting RNP operations–Use of checklists to standardize

actions and ensure safety• RNP Prediction


Aircraft and Systems Qualification

• Documents airplane model and equipment compliance with applicable regulatory basis requirements. – ensures airplane equipage is suitable for level of

RNP desired– Multi-sensor navigation system characteristics

– Accuracy– Integrity– Continuity of Service

– Flight plan waypoint sequencing– Leg Type required (RF added)

– Flight guidance functions– Lateral and vertical path tracking capability

– Barometric VNAV performance requirements• Information typically provided by aircraft

manufacturer


Navigation Database Validation

• Document system operation to ensure data is always right– Airline Internal Processes for

Quality Assurance of Navigation Database– Validation of data base content– Specific AR APCH procedures

review• Approved Navigation Database

Source – Provider must “comply with

EUROCAE ED-76 / RTCA DO-200A, or equivalent approved procedures”


Training Program Revisions

• Documents training program and training (ground and flight) received by flight crews, dispatchers and maintenance personnel that support the conduct of RNP AR instrument procedures.

– RNP based flight operations concept– Characteristic of RNP Instrument Approach– Airplane Systems Requirements

– Alerting and actions required– Dispatch Requirements– Minimum Equipment Requirements


Operational Safety Assessment

• Documents that the RNP operation is safely implemented in a State’s particular CNS/ATM environment

– Assessment of Normal Operations– Assessment of Rare-Normal and

Abnormal Performance – Operational Mitigations

– Airplane Systems– Flight Crew performance– Infrastructure

– Assessment Methodology– Statistical analysis

• ICAO Flight Operations Safety Assessment (FOSA)


Airline Validation Plan

• Document plan for demonstrating to the regulator that have operationally incorporated the elements required for RNP AR operations.

• The validation plan should accomplish the following objectives:– Demonstrate the aircraft capability to

perform RNP SAAAR approaches– Demonstrate the applicant’s operational

and dispatch procedures– Demonstrate the effectiveness of the

applicant’s training programs


Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval – Regulatory Review

Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval

• Update Operations Specifications• Revise manual/ checklist and training plan• Review with the regulatory authority

• Operator demonstrates to Regulator:– The processes defined in applicant

package are the processes used by the Operator

– This check is specific and detailed– These events can be audited

• Key Considerations:– All the pieces of the applicant package

must fit together and be explained in this context

– Document management


Step 4: Operation Implementation and Validation – Key Considerations

• Develop training documentation and programs for flight crews, dispatchers, and maintenance personnel

• Perform training• Perform and document Safety Assessment• Perform operation validation flight

– Demonstrate to regulator the operator’s capability to perform the type of RNP operations for which requesting approval

Preflight:Dispatch Paperwork

PostflightData Collection and Reporting

Step 4: Prepare for Operation Implementation and Validation

• Start flight crew initial training • Conduct dispatch / operation training• Perform operation validation flight


Step 5: Operational Approval Process and Implementation

• Coordinate events with regulator• The regulatory approval for RNP AR

APCH operations will specify the:– Type of procedures authorized – Lowest navigation accuracy

authorization permitted– Equipment configurations for use– Crew procedures to be used

Step 5: Operational Approval and Implementation

• Review & approve operation under VMC / VFR• Oversight operation standardization• Approve operation under IFR


Destination – RNPRNP AR APCH Approval GRANTED

*China Eastern Airlines – Total RNP solution provided by one integrated Boeing team


Summary: Obtaining Regulatory Approval for RNP AR APCH Operations

• Desired results require cooperation between regulator, air traffic service provider, operator and airplane manufacturer

• Follow the project plan– Plan for and expect change.– Include regulator as key team

member from the beginning – Insight into what needs to be

accomplished• Consider the need for 3rd party

assistance in achieving your operational goals

Successful RNP Implementation Requires All The Elements Be Put In Place

= safe and efficient RNP operations



X X

AirlineCapability

X

Airplane Capability


X



X X

AirlineCapability

X

Airplane Capability


X


Step 2: Procedure Design and Validation, if Required• Design RNP procedures• Conduct simulator flight assessment• On-site evaluation flight if required

Step 4: Prepare for Operation Implementation and Validation• Start flight crew initial training • Conduct dispatch / operation training• Perform operation validation flight

Step 5: Operational Approval and Implementation• Review & approve operation under VMC / VFR• Oversight operation standardization• Approve operation under IFR

Example of RNP AR APCH operational implementation process

Step 3: Application Package for Operational Approval• Update Operations Specifications• Revise manual/ checklist and training plan• Review with the regulatory authority


Boeing Support for Airline RNP Operations

• Brief RNP concepts to Airlines and Regulatory Authorities

• Communicate the operational value of RNP Operations

• Provide technical documentation for airplane systems qualification

• Develop a retrofit plan for in-service fleet (if required)• Ops Approval Consulting FAA AC 90-101* / ICAO PBN

Note: * Boeing has been qualified by the FAA to assist operators in preparing for the AC 90-101 application process. The use of this service should result in an expedited approval process.

4/29/2008 32

Thanks!