rndp insult muslims of burma (page 9) nov-2012
TRANSCRIPT
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 2012
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Our Objectives
D - Development
E - Equality
D - Democratization
2
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owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 20122 PHOTOS NEWS
CRISIS PHOCRISIS PHOCRISIS PHOCRISIS PHOCRISIS PHOTTTTTOSOSOSOSOS
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 2012
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3EDITORIAL
''Greatness is not being strong,
but in the right use of strength,''
H.W.Bucher
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owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 20124 PUBLIC VIEW
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a&maerSm pd k;&onf/ onfvd kvlawGa&maerSm pd k;&onf/ onfvd kvlawGa&maerSm pd k;&onf/ onfvd kvlawGa&maerSm pd k;&onf/ onfvd kvlawGa&maerSm pd k;&onf/ onfvd kvlawG
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ppftmPmodrf;aomtcg onfvlawGppftmPmodrf;aomtcg onfvlawGppftmPmodrf;aomtcg onfvlawGppftmPmodrf;aomtcg onfvlawGppftmPmodrf;aomtcg onfvlawG
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uRefawmfwd k Y& GmwGif vmykef;uRefawmfwd k Y& GmwGif vmykef;uRefawmfwd k Y& GmwGif vmykef;uRefawmfwd k Y& GmwGif vmykef;uRefawmfwd k Y& GmwGif vmykef;
aeMuonf/ xrif;udk wvavmuf auR;aeMuonf/ xrif;udk wvavmuf auR;aeMuonf/ xrif;udk wvavmuf auR;aeMuonf/ xrif;udk wvavmuf auR;aeMuonf/ xrif;udk wvavmuf auR;
vdkuf&onf/ cH,lcsuf&Sdaom ausmif;om;vdkuf&onf/ cH,lcsuf&Sdaom ausmif;om;vdkuf&onf/ cH,lcsuf&Sdaom ausmif;om;vdkuf&onf/ cH,lcsuf&Sdaom ausmif;om;vdkuf&onf/ cH,lcsuf&Sdaom ausmif;om;
acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;cH axmifusoGm;acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;cH axmifusoGm;acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;cH axmifusoGm;acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;cH axmifusoGm;acgif;aqmifawG tzrf;cH axmifusoGm;
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jynfolawGodygw,f...
aomtcg xGufajy;vmolawGu pdwfaomtcg xGufajy;vmolawGu pdwfaomtcg xGufajy;vmolawGu pdwfaomtcg xGufajy;vmolawGu pdwfaomtcg xGufajy;vmolawGu pdwf
a jymi f ;í tdwfazgi f ;oGm; Muonf/ajymi f ;í tdwfazgi f ;oGm; Muonf/ajymi f ;í tdwfazgi f ;oGm; Muonf/ajymi f ;í tdwfazgi f ;oGm; Muonf/ajymi f ;í tdwfazgi f ;oGm; Muonf/
xdktjzpfoepfudk jyefajymif;í ,ckonfxdktjzpfoepfudk jyefajymif;í ,ckonfxdktjzpfoepfudk jyefajymif;í ,ckonfxdktjzpfoepfudk jyefajymif;í ,ckonfxdktjzpfoepfudk jyefajymif;í ,ckonf
vlawGvnf; 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vQif [laomvlawGvnf; 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vQif [laomvlawGvnf; 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vQif [laomvlawGvnf; 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vQif [laomvlawGvnf; 'DvdkjzpfoGm;vQif [laom
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ygonf/ygonf/ygonf/ygonf/ygonf/
NcK Hik Híajym&vQif? 'Drd kua&pDNcK Hik Híajym&vQif? 'Drd kua&pDNcK Hik Híajym&vQif? 'Drd kua&pDNcK Hik Híajym&vQif? 'Drd kua&pDNcK Hik Híajym&vQif? 'Drd kua&pD
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wGif ygwDaxmifrvm;? axmifyg/ ygwD0ifwGif ygwDaxmifrvm;? axmifyg/ ygwD0ifwGif ygwDaxmifrvm;? axmifyg/ ygwD0ifwGif ygwDaxmifrvm;? axmifyg/ ygwD0ifwGif ygwDaxmifrvm;? axmifyg/ ygwD0if
rvm; 0ifyg/ odkYaomf aumif;atmifvkyfrvm; 0ifyg/ odkYaomf aumif;atmifvkyfrvm; 0ifyg/ odkYaomf aumif;atmifvkyfrvm; 0ifyg/ odkYaomf aumif;atmifvkyfrvm; 0ifyg/ odkYaomf aumif;atmifvkyf
yg/ wkd;wufatmifvkyfyg/ acwfa&pD;yg/ wkd;wufatmifvkyfyg/ acwfa&pD;yg/ wkd;wufatmifvkyfyg/ acwfa&pD;yg/ wkd;wufatmifvkyfyg/ acwfa&pD;yg/ wkd;wufatmifvkyfyg/ acwfa&pD;
aMumif;awG b,fvd kajymif;aeonf/aMumif;awG b,fvd kajymif;aeonf/aMumif;awG b,fvd kajymif;aeonf/aMumif;awG b,fvd kajymif;aeonf/aMumif;awG b,fvd kajymif;aeonf/
b,folawGu bmawGvkyfaeonf/ onfb,folawGu bmawGvkyfaeonf/ onfb,folawGu bmawGvkyfaeonf/ onfb,folawGu bmawGvkyfaeonf/ onfb,folawGu bmawGvkyfaeonf/ onf
wdkif;jynf twdwfu bmawGjzpfcJhonfwdkif;jynf twdwfu bmawGjzpfcJhonfwdkif;jynf twdwfu bmawGjzpfcJhonfwdkif;jynf twdwfu bmawGjzpfcJhonfwdkif;jynf twdwfu bmawGjzpfcJhonf
qdkonfwdkYudk jynfolawG odaeMuygonf/qdkonfwdkYudk jynfolawG odaeMuygonf/qdkonfwdkYudk jynfolawG odaeMuygonf/qdkonfwdkYudk jynfolawG odaeMuygonf/qdkonfwdkYudk jynfolawG odaeMuygonf/
twdwfud k oi fce f ;pm,lítwdwfud k oi fce f ;pm,lítwdwfud k oi fce f ;pm,lítwdwfud k oi fce f ;pm,lítwdwfud k oi fce f ;pm,lí
RNDP ygwD0ifrsm;onfvnf; &cdkifjynfygwD0ifrsm;onfvnf; &cdkifjynfygwD0ifrsm;onfvnf; &cdkifjynfygwD0ifrsm;onfvnf; &cdkifjynfygwD0ifrsm;onfvnf; &cdkifjynf
\ vdktyfcsuf? &cd kifjynfolwdk Y\qE´\ vdktyfcsuf? &cd kifjynfolwdk Y\qE´\ vdktyfcsuf? &cd kifjynfolwdk Y\qE´\ vdktyfcsuf? &cd kifjynfolwdk Y\qE´\ vdktyfcsuf? &cd kifjynfolwdk Y\qE´
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awmif;qdkay;yg/ wdkif;jynfESif h vlrsdK;awmif;qdkay;yg/ wdkif;jynfESif h vlrsdK;awmif;qdkay;yg/ wdkif;jynfESif h vlrsdK;awmif;qdkay;yg/ wdkif;jynfESif h vlrsdK;awmif;qdkay;yg/ wdkif;jynfESif h vlrsdK;
twGufvnf; ygwDudk,fpm;? &cdkifjynfoltwGufvnf; ygwDudk,fpm;? &cdkifjynfoltwGufvnf; ygwDudk,fpm;? &cdkifjynfoltwGufvnf; ygwDudk,fpm;? &cdkifjynfoltwGufvnf; ygwDudk,fpm;? &cdkifjynfol
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arwåm &yfcHcsifygonf/arwåm &yfcHcsifygonf/arwåm &yfcHcsifygonf/arwåm &yfcHcsifygonf/arwåm &yfcHcsifygonf/
pum;ykHwpfck&S dygonf/ ½dkif;jypum;ykHwpfck&S dygonf/ ½dkif;jypum;ykHwpfck&S dygonf/ ½dkif;jypum;ykHwpfck&S dygonf/ ½dkif;jypum;ykHwpfck&S dygonf/ ½dkif;jy
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onf/ xdkYaMumifh wnfhwnfh omoGm;Muyg/onf/ xdkYaMumifh wnfhwnfh omoGm;Muyg/onf/ xdkYaMumifh wnfhwnfh omoGm;Muyg/onf/ xdkYaMumifh wnfhwnfh omoGm;Muyg/onf/ xdkYaMumifh wnfhwnfh omoGm;Muyg/
jynfolawG ajzmifhajzmifh vdkufygrnf[lí/jynfolawG ajzmifhajzmifh vdkufygrnf[lí/jynfolawG ajzmifhajzmifh vdkufygrnf[lí/jynfolawG ajzmifhajzmifh vdkufygrnf[lí/jynfolawG ajzmifhajzmifh vdkufygrnf[lí/
rsdL;cspfuRef;om; rsdL;cspfuRef;om; rsdL;cspfuRef;om; rsdL;cspfuRef;om; rsdL;cspfuRef;om;
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awmifukwfvnf; &cdkifygyJ/ udk,fh&cdkifudkawmh tm;ay;&rSmaygh[kvlxk ajymqdkoHudk Mum;&onf
]]
}}
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 2012 5
armifcdkifatmif (ppfawG)
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Eagle Color
OD;jrifhEdkif (OD;jrifhEdkif (OD;jrifhEdkif (OD;jrifhEdkif (OD;jrifhEdkif (RNDP)))))
eo-013
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LOCAL NEWS
owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 2012
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6 LOCAL NEWS
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{nfhrx(ta[mif;) (1 tdwf) 15500
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oD&D'kH(topf) (1 tdwf) 11000
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ipdef(ta[mif;) (1 tdwf) 13000
ipdef(topf) (1 tdwf) 10000
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tm;vl;(ok) (1 ydóm) 1500
tm;vl;(S1) (1 ydóm) 2000
tm;vl;(k1) (1 ydóm) 1400
tm;vl;(qGJ) (1 ydóm) 1200
tm;vl;(a*:vD) (1 ydóm) 1000
MuufoGefaps;EIef;
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MuufoGefeD(tvwf) (1 ydóm) 950
MuufoGefeD(vwfBuD;) (1 ydóm) 1000
MuufoGefeD(ti,f) (1 ydóm) 850
MuufoGefjzL(tBuD;) (1 ydóm) 1300
MuufoGefjzL(tvwf) (1 ydóm) 1200
MuufoGefjzL(ti,f) (1 ydóm) 1000
MuufoGefjzL(MuLukwf) (1 ydóm) 2100
i½kyfoD;ajcmuf(a&Ttyf) (1 ydóm) 2000
i½kyfoD;ajcmuf(&cdkif) (1 ydóm) 2500
*sif;pdrf; (1 ydóm) 650
oMum;(zufpyf) (1 ydóm) 1200
oMum;(½dk;½dk;) 1 ydóm) 1000
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az:jyygukefaps;EIef;rsm;onf (6.11.2012)
ppfawGNrd KU ? Nrd KUraps;BuD;rS vuf&S d jzpfay:aeaom
aps;EIef;rsm; jzpfygonf/
+++
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Toe Ta Ray Cartoon
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 2012 7Article Section
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owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 2012 9PUBLIC VOICE
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owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 201210 ARITICLE SECTION
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&cdkifv,fvkyfolwdkYu ppfwaumif;
om;tvkyform;rsm;tm; vufcHjcif;onf
ppfawGc½dkifü ppfwaumif;om;rlqvif
rsm;wd k;vm&jcif;wGif ta&;BuD;aom
tajccHtcsufjzpfonf/ NAdwdoQwkdY odrf;
ydkufp 1826-ckESpfü rlqvifOD;a&(30000)
om&SdcJh&mrS v,f,mwdk;csJUrIudk taMumif;
jyKí rlqvifOD;a& wjznf;jznf;wdk;vmcJh
onf/ 1872-ck wGif ppfawGc½dkifü rlq
vifOD;a&(58235)OD;xd wdk;vmonf[k
rpöwmprwfuqdkonf/
pl;tufwl;ajrmif;yGifhNyD;aemuf
xyfrHwdk;vmjcif;
1896-ck wGif pl;tufwl;ajrmif;
yGifhvmaomaMumifh taemufbufEdkifiH
rsm;odkY ukefpnful;oef;oGm;vm&ef rsm;
pGmvG,fuloGm;onf/ ordkif;ygarmu©
a'gufwmausmfoufu]]jrefrmEkdifiH\ pD;
yGm;a&;ajymif;vJrIonf tD*spfEd ki fi H ?
pl;tufwl;ajrmif;yGifhNyd;aemufydkif; 1871-
ckESpfrS pwifvmonf[k qdk&monf}}[k
aumufcsufcsNyD;? ]](jrefrmEdkifiH\)ta&;yg
t&ma&mufqkH; wdk;wufrIonf qefpyg;
pdkufysdK;jcif;vkyfief;rS jynfya&mif;csjcif;
vkyfie;fwdkYwGif jzpfavonf/ qefpyg;
txGufyd kvmjcif;ESif h jynfya&mif;csrI
vkyfief;wdk;vmjcif;wdk Yonf pl;tufwl;
ajrmif;azmufvkyfNyD;rSom us,fjyefYwdk;
wufvmavonf}}[k qdkcJhonf/
pl;tufwl;ajrmif;yGifhrIonf jref
rmEdkifiHtwGuf ta&;ygykHudk rpöwmzmeDAvf
uvnf; þodkYrSwfwrf;wifcJhonf/ ]]pl;
tufwl;ajrmif;aMumifh qefpyg;aps;uGuf
&&Sdvmaomtcg us,fjyefYaomjrpf0uRef;
ay: NAdKufawmBuD;udk v,form;rsm;u
pdkufysdK;v,fajrtjzpfodkY ajymif;vJMuonf/
v,form;tzdkY pdkufoavmuf usdef;ao
tjrwf&rnfh aps;uGufBuD; &&SdcJhonf/
awmxlxyfaom ajruGufr sm;wGi f
opfyifrsm;udk ckwfvSJ&Sif;vif;&ef tvkyf
orm;vkdtyfayonf/ t&if;tESD;vkdtyf
vmonf/ 1880-ckESpfavmufupí cspf
wD;wdkYu aus;vufa'oodkY udk,fpm;vS,f
rsm; apvTwfNyD; v,form;wdkYudk pwif
aiGacs;cJhonf/}}
]]v,f,mwdk;csJU&eftwGuf vdktyf
aomtvkyform;rsm;udk tpdk;&u &Smay;
cJhonf/ 1876-ckESpfrSpí v,f,mvkyf
ief;twGuf &SmazGa&;udk yk*¾vduvkyfief;
wdkYtm; tpdk;&u vTJay;vdkufonf/ 1880
wGif yk*¾vdu vkyfief;wdkYu tvkyform;
rsm;udk ydkrdk&SmazG ay;EdkifcJhonf/}}
bPfrsm;rS aiGacs;ay;jcif;
jrpf0uRef;ay:&Sd v,f{u ajrmuf
rsm;pGmudk wdk;csJUvkyfEdkifcJhouJhodkY &cdkifjynf wGifvnf; wdk;csJUEdkifcJhonf/ v,form;wdkY
vkyfaom t&if;tESD;udk ppfawGNrdKUbPf wdkufrsm;u acs;iSg;cJhonf/
1886-ckESpfwGif b*Fvm;bPfcGJ udk ppfawGNrdKUü xlaxmifcJhonf/ 1876
wGif tdEd,jynf? csmwmbPfcGJ? MopaMw; vsbPfESifh w½kwfbPfwdkYudk xlaxmif
cJhMuonf/ OD;&JausmfolbPf? cspfwD;tenf;
i,fESifh ppfawGrS aiGt&if;tESD; toifh twifh&Sdaom olrsm;vnf;&Sdonf/ e,fNrdKU
rsm;üvnf; aiGacs;oltenf;i,f&SdcJhonf/ Oa&mybPfrsm;rSvGJí wjcm;aiGacs;ol
rsm;onf v,fvkyfolrsm;tm; wdkuf½dkuf aiGacs;Muonf/ aiGydkvkdygu bPfrSacs;
,lMuonf/
1924^26-ckESpf OD;&Jausmfol ukrÜPDvDrdwufESifh rdoH'gjzLukrÜPDvDrd
wuf[lí bPfESpfckjzpfvmonf/
v,fvkyfolwdk Yonf tpdk;&\ v,f,mwdk;csJUa&;vrf;pOfaMumifh v,f
ajropfrsm; wdk;csJU&efvdktyfaom t&if; tESD;rsm;udk bPfrsm;rS acs;,lEdkifcJhMu onf/
v,fajropfwd k ;cs J U&mü ta&;yg v,f,mtvkyf Murf;orm; ppfwaumif;
om;rsm;udkvnf; tvG,fwul&&SdcJhMu onf/ xdkYaMumifh ppfawGc½dkif 1829-30
ckESpftwGif;ü v,f{u(45771)om&SdcJh &mrS 1864-65 wGif {u(270234)xd
wdk;csJUEdkifcJhonf/
v,f{&d,mrsm;pGm wdk;vmjcif;
ppfawGc½dkif a*ZufwD;,m;ü azmfjyxm;aom atmufygZ,m;onf ppf
awGc½dkifü v,f,mrsm;ajrrsm; wjznf; jznf;wdk;csJUEdkifcJhykHudk azmfnTef;aeonf/
ckESpf {u ckESpf {u
1829-30 45771 1874-75 301104
1834-35 106606 1884-85 40070
1844-45 131987 1894-95 617403
1854-55 254478 1904-85 745981
1864-65 2 70134 1914-15 816218
txufyg Z,m;onf ppfawGc½dkifü v,f{&d,m wjznf;jznf;wdk;csJUykHom
jzpfonf/ &cdkifwwdkif;vkH;wdk;csJUykH r[kwfacs/ &cdkifwwdkif;vkH;ü v,f{&d,mwdk;vmykH
udk OD;vSxGef;jzL(EdkifiHawmf aumifpD0ifa[mif;)\ ]]&cdkifjynfe,f? pD;yGm;a&;b@ma&;
wdkuf}}pmtkyfü þodkYawGY&onf/
c½dkif ckESpf {u
ppfawG 1865-66 263240
&rf;NAJ / 70686
oHwGJ / 23419
ppfawG 1866-67 270298
&rf;NAJ / 70802
oHwGJ / 24536
ppfawG 1867-68 263116
&rf;NAJ / 70574
oHwGJ / 24902
ppfawG 1868-69 249731
ajrmufydkif;&ckdifc½dkif / 38
ausmufjzL / 70874
oHwGJ / 25421
ppfawG 1872-73 264542
ajrmufydkif;&cdkif / 37
ausmufjzL / 81971
oHwGJ / 26938
ppfawG 1873-74 267952
ajrmufydkif;&cdkif / 121
ausmufjzL / 82177
oHwGJ / 28358
udkvdkeDqdk;arGcH &cdkifjynfESifh ppfwaumif;om;wdkY\ e,fcsJUa&;x<urI
c½dkifc½dkifc½dkifc½dkifc½dkif ckESpfckESpfckESpfckESpfckESpf {u{u{u{u{u
ppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawG 1869-701869-701869-701869-701869-70 255042255042255042255042255042
ajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkif ///// 4444444444
ausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzL ///// 7127471274712747127471274
oHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJ ///// 2576325763257632576325763
ppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawG 1870-711870-711870-711870-711870-71 256468256468256468256468256468
ajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkif ///// 5656565656
ausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzL ///// 7290572905729057290572905
oHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJ ///// 2606326063260632606326063
ppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawG 1871-721871-721871-721871-721871-72 258444258444258444258444258444
ajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkif ///// 3737373737
ausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzL ///// 8115381153811538115381153
oHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJ ///// 2651326513265132651326513
ppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawGppfawG 1874-751874-751874-751874-751874-75 278879278879278879278879278879
ajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkifajrmufydkif;&cdkif ///// 122122122122122
ausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzLausmufjzL ///// 8445684456844568445684456
oHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJoHwGJ ///// 2859228592285922859228592
áátcef;qufaqmif;yg;áá (q&mOD;bodef;)
pmrsufESm(12)odkY
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 201211INTERVIEW
ausmufjzL? Edk0ifbm-4ausmufjzL? Edk0ifbm-4ausmufjzL? Edk0ifbm-4ausmufjzL? Edk0ifbm-4ausmufjzL? Edk0ifbm-4
Coral Arakan----- b,faeYu jyóempjzpfwmvJ cifAsm;/
a'ocHrsm;- 2012 ckESpf? atmufwdkbm(22)u
pjzpfw,fvdkY ajymvdkY&ygw,f/
Coral Arakan-tJ'DaeYu b,fvdkpjzpfwmvJ/
ajz/ nOfhwpfem&DavmufrSm taemuf ydkif;&yfuGuf
rSm&SdwJh AvD(a[mif;)wpfckudk rD;avmifygw,f/ teD;
tem;uvlawG (&cdkifawG) vdkufoGm;Muawmh ukvm;av;
okH;a,muf ajy;xGufvmwmudk awGY&vdkY vdkufzrf;Muw,f/
ESpfa,mufu vGwfoGm;w,f? wpfa,mufawmh tdrfom
xJudk ajy;0ifykef;wmeJY zrf;rdvdkufygw,f/ enf;enf;
yg;yg;ppfar;Muawmh olwdkYokH;a,muf rD;½IdKUMuwmvdkY
od&ygw,f/ 'geJY olYudk &Jpcef; ydkYvdkufMuw,f/
Coral Arakan/- /- /- /- /- nOfhwpfem&Davmufqdk awmh wu,fqdk
(23)&ufaeYbufudk ul;oGm;NyDvdkY qdkvdkY&wmaygh/
ajz/ [kwfygw,f/ &rSmaygh/
Coral Arakan----- wpfckavmuf ar;MunfhOD;r,f/ AvDqdkwm
rlqvifawG txG#ftjrwfxm;wJh ae&myg/ tJ'Dvdkae&mrsdK;
udk olwdkYbmom olwdkYrD;½IdKUw,fqdkwm jzpfEdkifyghrvm;/
ajz/ uRefawmf enf;enf;avmuf &Sif;jyay;ygr,f/
yxrwpfcsufu tJ'Dtaemufydkif;&yfuGufxJu AvD[m
AvD tppfr[kwfygbl;/ t&ifu vlaecJhwJh tdrf/ aemufrS
AvDqdkNyD; olwdkYbmom olwdkYajymif;vJvdkufwm/ w&m;0if
bmoma&;qdkif&m cGifhjyKcsufawGr&SdwJhtwGuf zsufodrf;
rdefYcsrSwfxm;wJh AvD(taqmufttkH)yg/ aemufNyD;awmh
tJ'DAvDteD; tem;ywfvnfrSm &cdkiftdrfawGcsnf;ygyJ/
&yfuGufuvnf; &cdkif&yfuGufyg/ tpdk;&drf&qkH;udpö
wpfcku tJ'DAvDeJY zifcsif;uyf&ufrSm "gwfqDa&mif;wJh
tdrfawG csnf;ygyJ/ wu,fvdkY tJ'Dtdrfudkom rD;ul;oGm;
cJhr,fqdk&if rawG;&Jp&mygyJ/ &yfuGufwpfckvkH; jymus
oGm;rSm aocsmw,f/ aemufNyD;&if wpfNrdKUvkH;udk rD;quful;rSm
vnf; taotcsmygyJ/ olwdkYu tJ'Dvdk &nf&G,fcsufeJY
vkyfMuwmyg/
Coral Arakan----- NyD;awmh bmawGquf jzpfMuao;ovJ/
ajz/ &yfuGufuvlawG BudK;pm;NyD;awmh rD;owfMuyg
w,f/ rD;owfum;vnf; a&mufvmw,f/ rD;owfpcef;eJY
eD;wJhtwGuf uHaumif;oGm;w,fvdkY ajym&rSmaygh/ tJ'g
NyD;&if uRefawmfwdkYvnf; rdk;vif;wJhtxd rtdyfyJ uif;
apmifhaeMu&w,f/ aemufwpfaeY n(8)em&DavmufrSm
(ukvm;trsm;pkaexdkif&m) ydkufqdyfbufu rD;pavmif
jyefw,f/
Coral Arakan-aemufwpfaeYqdkwm 23 &ufaeYudkyJ
ajymwmvm;/
ajz/ [kwfygw,f/
Coral Arakan----- b,fvdkjzpfMuwmvJ cifAsm;/
ajz/ tJ'DaeYu OykofaeYAs/ NrdKUxJu vlawmfawmfrsm;rsm;
u bkef;BuD;ausmif;awGudk a&mufaeMuw,f/ tJ'DaeY
eHeuf 11 em&DavmufrSm qm;jyifuGif;&yfuGufxJudk
ukvm;av;wpfa,muf "gwfqDykvif;wpfvkH;udkifNyD; wufvm
w,f/ tJ'gudk teD;tem;u &cdkifawGu jrifvdkufawmh
ukvm;av;udk 0dkif;zrf;Muw,f/ NyD;awmh &JawGvufxJudk
tyfvdkufMuw,f/ tJ'D uwnf;u tajctaeu rwnf
rNidrfeJY vIyfvIyf&G&Gjzpfaew,f/ nydkif;(8) em&D avmufrSm
oHacsmif;acgufoHawG Mum;w,f/ uRefawmfwdkYxMunfh
awmh &cdkifydkufqdyfudk rD;avmifaeNyD/ vmvkqdkwJh ukvm;
u olwdkYtdrfeJYuyfvsuf &cdkiftdrfudk rD;p½IdKUwm/ (vIyf&Sm;
wdkufcdkufaeMuwJh)ukvm;awGu acgif;aygif;tjzLawG
aygif;xm;w,fvdkY ajymMuw,f/ tJ'D(rD;½IdKUcH&wJh) tdrfu
trsdK;orD;u teD;tem;u &cdkifawGudk tultnDawmif;
awmh rD;avmifwJhtdrfudk &cdkifawG0dkif;vmMuw,f/ tJ'D
tcsdefrSm ukvm;awGu *sif*vdeJYypfawmh tem;udk
b,folrS uyfvdkYr&awmhbl;/ ukvm;awGu rD;uGif;awGeJY
ypfMuw,f/ NyD;rS "gwfqDykvif;awGeJY ypfMuw,f/ &cdkif
awG a&SUudkenf;enf;wdk;awmh "g;awGeJY vdkufckwfMuw,f/
jyefNyD; aemufqkwfMu&w,f/ yxrawmh tdrfacgifawGudk
avmifaewm/ aemufrS ukvm;awGu udk,fwdkif wufvm
NyD; tdrfxJudk "gwfqDykH;awGeJY avmif;xnfhMuw,f/
tJ'DtcsdefusrS wpftdrfvkH;udk rD;pGJw,f/ NyD;rS ab;em;u
tdrfawGudk rD;ul;oGm;wm/
Coral Arakan-rD;uGif;awGudk b,fvdk ykHpHeJY ypfMuwmvJ
cifAs/
ajz/ BudK;pawGeJY vTJNyD; ypfMuwmyg/ tJ'DrD;uGif;awGxJrSm
oHvdkufjym;awG xnfhxm;w,f/ tjyifurS t0wfeJY
ywfxm;wmyg/
Coral Arakan-ukvm;tdrfawGusawmh b,fvdk pavmif
wmvJ cifAs/
ajz/ tjyeftvSef wdkufcdkufMuwmaygh/ rD;avmifaewJh
tdrfawGu tpawGudk qGJxkwfNyD; ukvm;tdrfawGqD
vSrf;ypfMuw,f/ ukvm;tdrfawGeJY &cdkiftdrfawGu eD;eD;
av;awG/ NyD;awmh avu ukvm;tdrf awGbufudk OD;wnf
wdkufvmw,f/ ukvm;tdrfawGu 0g;tdrfuav;awGrsm;
awmh rD;pGJavmifzdkYvG,fw,f/ olwdkY tdrfawGrSmu "edeJY
tdrfacgifrdk;xm;wmrsm;w,f/ NyD;awmh olwdkYtdrfawG
uvnf; wpftdrfeJY wpftdrf yl;yl;uyfuyfawGcsnf;yJ/
'geJY olwdkYbufudk rD;pGJwm ydkrsm;oGm;w,f/
Coral Arakan- 'Dawmh b,fvdk qufjzpfMuao;vJ/
ajz/ olwdkYtdrfawGudk rD;pGJawmh yifv,fbufudk xGufajy;
Muw,f/ bkwfawGeJY xGufajy;Muw,f/ yifv,fxJqif;
cgeD; olwdkY ig;pifawGudk rD;½IdKUxm;cJhMuw,f/
Coral Arakan----- ig;pifawGaum olwdkYydkifwmvm;/
ajz/ [kwfygw,f/
Coral Arakan-olwdkYydkifwmawGudk olwdkYu bmaMumifh
rD;½IdKUwmvJ/
ajz/ ig;pifqdkwm ig;awGudk tajcmuf vSrf;zdkYtwGuf
0g;awGeJYvkyfxm;wJh pifuav;awGyg/ bmrS wefzdk;&Sdwm
r[kwfygbl;/ tJ'Dtay:rSm tajcmufvSrf;xm;wJh ig;awG
yJ&SdrSmyg/ olwdkYxGufoGm;awmh olwdkY ig;awGudk &cdkifawG
r&apcsifwmvJ ygrSmaygh/ aemufNyD;awmh olwdkYdydkifwm
awGudk &cdkifawGu rD;½IdKUzsufqD;ygw,fvdkY ajym Edkifatmif
vnf; ygrSmaygh/
Coral Arakan-yifv,fbufudk xGuf oGm;wJhbkwfu
b,fESpfpD;avmuf&SdovJ/
ajz/ tpD; ajcmufq,favmufawmh &Sdr,fxifygw,f/
tJ'D pufavSawGxJu ta&;twGuf awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
udk armfvNrdKifu rlqvifvkyfief;&Sifwpfa,mufydkifwJh
]]atmifqkrGef}}wefuJ(ig;zrf;oabFm) awGu u,fq,f,l
NyD;awmh armfvNrdKifeJY jrefrmjynfu wjcm;ae&mawGqDrSm
b*FgvD'ku©onfawGudk ydkYaqmif0Sufay;xm;w,fvdkYvJ
ajymMuygw,f/ atmifqkrGefrSm &cdkifurf;½dk;wef;rSm
ig;zrf;aewJh wefuJaygif; q,fh&SpfpD;&Sdygw,f/
Coral Arakan- 'Pf&m&wJh vlta&twGufu b,favmuf
&Sdr,fvdkY xifygovJ/
ajz/ vlaygif;(90)avmuf *sif*vdxdrSef ygw,f/
*sif*vdxdwJhvlawGxJrSm vnfyif;udk xdwJhwpfa,mufu
cGJcef;xJrSm cGJxkwf&if;uae aoygw,f/ rD;avmif
'Pf&meJY aq;½kHwufae&wJh vlawG&Sdygw,f/
Coral Arakan- aowmu/
ajz/ avmavmq,f av;a,ufvdkY pm&if;&xm;yg
w,f/ aemufNyD;awmh 'D av;a,muftjyif ukvm;awGeJY
tdrfaxmifusaewJh &cdkiftrsdK;om;^orD;awGudkvnf;
olwdkYu owfNyD;rS yifv,fxJudk qif;oGm;ygw,f/ ]]vkyfukvm;}}
vdkY uRefawmfwdkYac: wJh ukvm;tdrfaxmifzuf &cdkifvlrsdK;
awGudk tukefvkH; olwdkYowfoGm;w,f/ 'gayrJh vkyfukvm;
awG&JU om;orD;awGudkawmh olwdkY ac:oGm;ygw,f/
&cdkiftrsdK;om; vkyfukvm;wpfa,mufqdk&if y#dyu©jzpfpOf
twGif;rSm ukvm;awGtay:rSm ol&JUopöm apmifhodrIudk
jyzdkYtwGuf ydkufqdyf&yfuGufxJu &cdkiftrsdK;om; OD;Munf0if;
ig;'dkif udk olYvufeJY rD;½IdKUjy&ygw,f/ rD;½IdKUNyD;wJh tcgusrS
olwdkY ukvm;awGu toifhapmifhaewJh vltkyfpkeJY 0dkif;½dkuf
owfvdkufw,f/ olwdkY(rlqvifukvm;awG)xGuftoGm;rSm
yifv,fxJu bkwfawGtay:uae ydkif;jzwfxm;wJh
(vkyfukvm;) &cdkifvlrsdK;awG&JU cEmudk,ftpdwftydkif;awGudk
axmifjyoGm;Muw,f/ tck 'ku©onfawGygqdkNyD; bkwf
awGpD;NyD; 'ku©onfpcef;awGudk a&mufoGm;wJh ukvm;
awGaygh/ wu,fawmh tJ'D'ku©onfawGMum;xJrSm vlowf
orm;awG ygoGm;ygw,f cifAs/
Coral Arakan-rD;owfXmeua&m tm;oGefcGefpd kuf
rD;Nidrf;owfzdkY vkyfygovm;/
ajz/ vkyfygw,f/ jyóemu ukvm;awGu &cdkifawGudk
a&m vkHNcKHa&;awGudkyg *sif*vdeJY ypf½kHru rD;owfwyfzGJUudk
yg *sif*vd eJYypfwmygyJ/ &Gma[mif;*smarAvDBuD; tay:
bufuae ae&m,lNyD;awmh *sif*vd rdk;&Gmovdk ypfaewm
ausmufjzL b*FgvDqlylrIjzpfysufykHESifhywfoufí a'ocHav;OD;\ ajzqdkcsufrsm;
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owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 201212 INTERVIEW
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owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 201213NEWS
pOf trnf aus;&Gm^&yfuGuf touf tztrnf aeYpGJ tcif;jzpfonfhae&m
1/ OD;ausmfodef; jynfawmfom 39 OD;armifOD;jzL 25-11-12 vufaqmifaumufteD;
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3/ armifarmifqef; jynfawmfom 32 OD;jzLatmif / vufaqmifaumufteD;
4/ OD;xGef;atmifom o0ifudkif; 44 OD;vSjzLoH / awmifaygufteD;
5/ OD;xGef;at;om tv,fuRef; 37 OD;armifomjr 25-11-12 awmifbG,fteD;
n(4)em&DcefY
6/ OD;armifausmfvS 'ufjzL&Gm 23 OD;OD;vSa&T / awmifbG,fteD;
7/ OD;armif0if;vdIif tv,fuRef; 32 OD;zdk;om / awmifbG,fteD;
8/ OD;xGD;vSpdef wif;rBuD; 41 / awmifbG,fteD;
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3/ OD;armifcdkifOD; qifjzLawmifaus;&Gm 35 OD;armifodef; / yk&drf
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10/ OD;armifcif Muufaps;&yfuGuf 49 OD;atmifomZH / yk&drf
11/ OD;udkudkarmif &wemykH&yfuGuf 38 OD;jzLomxGef; / yk&drf
12/ udkausmfpdef0if; 0gaps;&yfuGuf 16 / yk&drf
13/ OD;armifjrifh yef;ajrmif; 18 / yk&drf
14/ OD;vSxGef; qifcsqdyf&Gmopf 35 OD;armifbkacs 23-10-12 ,dkifao
15/ OD;armifa|;pdef ausmif;awmif 20 22-10-12 ,dkifao
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cHívnf;aumif; cGJjcm;qufqHjcif;rjyKbJ
vlom;tm;vkH;u vlYtcGifhta&;rsm;udk
av;pm;vkdufemMu&ef wm0ef&Sdygonf/
þta&;udpöonf euf½Idif;us,fjyefYNyD;
ElnHhodrfarGUojzifh ESpfOD;ESpfbuf aus;eyf
vufcHvmEdkifonfh taumif;qkH;&v'f
wpfckudk Nidrf;csrf;pGmnd§EIdif; tajz&SmMu&
ygrnf/ þy#dyu©jzpfpOfESifhpyfvsOf;í
jynfaxmifpkzGm; Xmaewkdif;&if;om; &cdkif
vlrsdK;rsm;\ pdk;&drfylyefaMumifhMurIrsm;udk
todtrSwfjyK&rnf jzpfygonf/
xkdYtjyif aemufuG,frS BudK;udkif
vIyf&Sm;aeaom? tm;ay;ulnDaeaom vl
yk*¾dKvfESifh tzGJUtpnf;rsm;? tMurf;zuf
olrsm;? Oya'csdK;azmufolrsm;? vlYtcGifh
ta&;csdK;azmufjcif;rsm;ESif hpyfvsOf;í
w&m;Oya'ESifhtnD xdxda&mufa&muf
rSefrSefuefuef ppfaq;ta&;,ljcif;?
pD&if qkH;jzwfjcif;wdkYudk yGifvif;jrifompGm
jynfolvlxktm; today;&ygrnf/
wzef wnfqJOya'jzpfaom 1982
ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiHom;Oya'ESifhywfouf
ívnf;aumif;? &cdkifjynfe,fta&;udpö
ESif hpyfvsOf;ívnf;aumif; EdkifiHawmf
tpdk;&\ wdusjywfoGm;onfhrl0g'udk xif
omjrifom&Sdatmif jynfolvlxkxH csjy
&rnfjzpfygonf/ EdkifiHom;jzpfrIudpöESifh
&cdkifjynfe,fta&;udpöwdkYtm; EdkifiHawmf
&cdkifjynfe,fwGifjzpfyGm;aeaom y#dyu©ESifhpyfvsOf;í wdkif;&if;om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fwcsdKUESifh
w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;ESifh wnfNidrfat;csrf;a&;aumfrwD Ouú| a':atmifqef;pkMunfwdkY\ oabmxm; xkwfjyefcsuf
pmrsufESm(17)odkY
owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 201214 POLITICAL VIEW
a'edef Y &cd kifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;
wdk;wufa&;ygwDonf &cdkifjynfol &cdkif
om;rsm;ud kOD;aqmifNyD; jynfaxmifpk
or®w jrefrmEd kifiH\ 'Drd kua&pDazmf
aqmifrI vrf;aMumif;ay:wGif wdkif;&if;
om;nDaemifygwDrsm;? tjcm;aom 'Drdk
ua&pDaz:aqmifa&;ygwDrsm;ESifh twl
jyKjyifajymif;vJrIjzpfpOfudk tajccHNyD;
'Drdkua&pDyef;wdkifodkY ta&mufvSrf;ae
aom tcsdeftcgaumif; jzpfygonf/
1/ wnfaqmufjcif;(Structure)
t a q m u f t O D ; w p f c k u d k
wnfaqmuf&mwGif acwfESifhavsmfnDpGm
wnfaqmufrIjzpfEdkif&eftwGuf pdwful;
pdwfxm;(Plan)? wnfaqmufrItwGuf
&nf&G,fcsuf(Objective)? wnfaqmufrI
twGuf &if;jrpfrsm;(Resources)onf
r&Sdrjzpfvdktyfaom t&mrsm;jzpfygonf/
pdwful;pdwfom; aumif;rGefjcif;? &nf&G,f
csufxdrdjcif;? ypönf;ypö,jynfhpk H jcif;?
aqmufvkyfxkqpfrnfhyk*d¾Kvfrsm; wwfuRrf;
vdr®mjcif;ESifh jynfhpkHvQif xnf0gcefYjim;
aooyfcd kifrmaom acwfrDtaqmuf
tOD; jzpfvmrnfrSm rvGJyg/ a'enf;twl
ygwDwpfck\ EdkifiHa&;tqmuftOD;wpfck
wnfaqmufMu&mwGifvnf;-
1/ pHrHcsuf(Plans)rsm;
2/ &nf&G,fcsufrsm;(Objectives)
3/ &if;jrpfrsm;(Resources)wdk Y vdk
tyfygonf/ þtcsufokH;csufudk tajccH
NyD; wnfaqmuf&mwGif t"dutcsuf
ESpfcsufjzpfaom-
(u) tajccHtaqmuftOD; (In-
frastructure)
(c ) tay:xyftaqmuftOD;
(Superstructure) wnf aqmufjcif;wdkYjzifh
aqmif& Guf&rnfrSm rvG JraoGaom?
oG,fz,fí r&aom jzpfpOfBuD;yg/
jynfaxmifpkor®w jrefrmEdkifiH
wGif 1990 -jynfhESpfvGefrsm;rSpwifNyD;
toGiful;ajymif;a&;umvwGif jynfcdkifNzdK;
toif;ud k NGO toGif jzif h z G J Ypnf;
wnfaxmif aqmif&GufcJhonf/ 1990jynfh
ESpfvGef ESpfrsm;rS 2010-jynf hESpfxd
ESpfaygif;(20)aomumvudk toGiful;
ajymif;a&;umvtjzpf tajccHtaqmuf
tOD;ESif h tay:xyftaqmuftOD;udk
cdkifrmatmif tcsdef,lwnfaqmuf cJhMuyg
onf/ þonfum; olwdkYarQmfrSef;xm;
aom 'Drd kua&pDvrf;aMumif;ay:wGif
olwdk Ypdwfwdkif;us oGm;vdk&efjzpfonf/
,aeY &cd kifwd kif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwDonfvnf; oGm;vdkaomyef;wdkif
odk Y a&mufatmif jynfaxmifpkor®w
jrefrmEdkifiHawmf\ 'Drdkua&pDaz:aqmif
rIvrf;aMumif;ay:wGif &cdkifjynfol\
qE´ud ktajccHum tajccHtaqmuf
tOD;ESif h tay:xyftaqmuftOD;udk
pdwfwdkif;us wnfaqmuf ,loGm;&rnf
jzpfygonf/
1/ (1) wnfaqmufrItwGuf pDrHcsuf
(Plan)
&cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwDonf &cdkifjynfe,f? &cdkifvlrsdK;
rsm; ud k,fpm;jyK Ed ki fi Ha&;taqmuf
tOD;udk wnfaqmuf&mwGif Party Mis-
sion Statement udk a&;qGJxm;NyD; jzpfyg
onf/ (&cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;
ygwD\ zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya')
1/ (2) wnfaqmufrItwGuf &nf&G,f
csufrsm;(Objectives)
&cdkifwkdif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwD(RNDP)\ &nf&G,fcsufwGif-
(u) zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;(Development)
(c) nDwlnDrQtcGifhta&;(Equality)
(*) 'Drdkua&pDjzpfxGef;a&;(Democratiza-
tion) wnf;[laom ta&;okH;yg;jzpfyg
onf/
1/ (3) wnfaqmufrItwGuf t&if;
tjrpfrsm;(Resources)
&cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwD(RNDP)\ EdkifiHa&; taqmuf
tOD;udk wnfaqmuf&mwGif &cdkifjynfol
rsm;? &cdkifjynfe,f\ ajray:ajratmuf
o,HZmwypönf;rsm;ESifh enf;ynmrsm;
onf &if;jrpfrsm; jzpfygonf/
&cd kifwd kif;&if;omrsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwDonf &if;jrpfrsm;udktokH;csNyD;
&nf&G,fcsufNyD;ajrmufap&ef aumif;rGef
aom Plans jzifh Party Mission State-
ment udk a&;qGJum acwfrDaom? odyÜHenf;
usaom EdkifiHa&;taqmuftOD;udk &cdkif
jynfe,f &c d ki f jynfolr sm ;twGuf
wnfaqmuf Mu&ygrnf/
2/ &cdkifjynfe,f &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;
rsm; zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufa&; (Rakhine Na-
tionalities Development)
&cdkifjynfe,f zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufa&;
wGif &cdkifjynfe,f? aus;vufa'ozGHYNzdK;
wd k ;wufa&;onf ta&;BuD;ygonf/
aus;vufa'o zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufvmygrS
NrdKU&Gmrsm; zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufNyD; jynfe,fwpfck
vkH; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufygrnf/ aus;vufa'o
zGHYNzdK;wdk;wufvmap&ef a,bk,stm;jzifh
atmufygtcsuf(6)csufudk taumif
txnfaz:&rnf jzpfygonf/ wenf;
tm;jzif h zG H Y NzdK;wdk;wufatmif aqmif
&Guf&ygrnf/
2/(u) &cdkifjynfe,f? vrf;yef;qufoG,f
a&; vG,fulacsmarGY zG H Y NzdK;wdk;wufap
jcif;(Rakhine Educational Develop-
ment)
2/(c ) &cdkifjynfe,f? usef;rma&;zGHYNzdK;
wd k;wufapjcif; (Rakhine Healthful
Development)
2/(* ) &cdkifjynfe,f? pD;yGm;a&;zGHYNzdK;wdk;
wufapjcif; (Rakhine Economical De-
velopment)
2/(C) &cdkifjynfe,f? ynma&;zGHYNzdK;wdk;
wufapjcif; (Rakhine Educational De-
velopment)
2/(i ) &cdkifjynfe,f? vlrIzGHYNzdK;wdk;wuf
apjcif; (Rakhine Social Development)
2/(p) &cdkifjynfe,f? enf;ynmzGHYNzdK;wdk;
wufapjcif; (Rakhine Informational
Technology of Development)
þtcsif(6)csufudk taumif
txnfaz: aqmif&Guf&mwGif &cdkifwdkif;
&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwDonf vli,f
uGe f,uf aus;vufa'ozG H Y Nz d K ;a&;
pDrHudef;udk taumiftxnfaz:aqmif
&Guf&rnf jzpfygonf/
3/ vli,fuGef,uf aus;vufa'o
zGHUNzdK;a&;pDrHudef;(Native Youth Network
Development Project)
jynfaxmifpkor®w jrefrmEdkifiH\
zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHyk'fr(51) wGif EdkifiHawmf
udk atmufygtwdkif; pkpnf;onf/ aus;&Gm
rsm;udk aus;&Gmtkyfpktjzpf pkpnf;onf/
&yfuGufrsm;udk NrdKU(odk Yr[kwf) NrdKUe,f
tjzpf pkpnf;onf/ aus;&GmtkyfpkESif h
&yfuGufrsm;(odkYr[kwf) NrdKUrsm;udk NrdKUe,f
tjzpf pkpnf;onf/ NrdKUe,frsm;udk c½dkif
tjzpf pkpnf;onf/ c½dkifrsm;udk wdkif;a'o
BuD;(odkY) jynfe,fe,ftjzpf pkpnf;onf/
ponfjzif h az:jyonfhtwdkif; &cd ki f
jynfe,fwGifvnf; jynfe,f? c½dkif? NrdKUe,f?
&yfuGuf? aus;&Gmtkyfpk? aus;&Gmjzif h
zGJUtpnf;xm;&m vli,fuGef,uf aus;vuf
a'ozHG Y NzdK;a&;tzGJUudk atmufygwdkif;
zGJUpnf; aqmif&Gufoifhygonf/
1/ &cd ki f jynfe,f a'ozG H Y Nz d K;a&;
aumfrwD? &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf
a&;ygwD? A[dkXmecsKyf? &cdkifjynfe,f/
&cd ki f jynfe,f a'ozG H Y Nz d K;a&;
aumfrwDudk &cdkifwkdif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;
wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwD0ifrsm;jzifh
oifhawmfovdk zGJUpnf;aqmif&Guf&ef/
2/ NrdKUe,f a'ozGHYNzdK;a&;aumfrwD?
&cd kifwd kif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wuf&;ygwD?
...NrdKUe,f/
NrdKUe,f a'ozGHYNzdK;a&;aumfrwD
udk &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk; wufa&;ygwD?
NrdKUe,faumfrwD0ifrsm;jzifh oifhawmfovdk
zGJUpnf;aqmif&Guf&ef/
3/ aus;vuf a'ozGHYNzdK;a&; vli,fuGef
,uftzGJU? &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm; wdk;wufa&;
ygwD ...&yfuGuf aus;&Gm? ...NrdKUe,f/
aus;vufa'ozGHYNzdK;a&; vli,f
uGef,uftzGJUudk &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;
wdk;wufa&;ygwD? aus;&GmaumfrwD0ifrsm;
a'ocHvli,frsm;jzifh zGJUpnf;aqmif&Guf&ef/
3/(u) þvIy f& Sm ;aqmi f& Gu fr Iw Gi f
&yfuGuf aus;&Gmrsm;wGif aexdkifMuaom
&cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD0ifwdkif;
tjyif jynfolwdkif; yg0ifaqmif&GufEdkif
aom tcGifhtvrf;zGifhay;jcif;jzpf ygonf/
&yfuGuf^aus;&Gm aexdkifol vlwdkif;
vlwdkif;? a,mufsm;^ rdef;rra&G; tzGJU0if
tjzpf yg0ifaqmif&GufcGif honf &cdkif
wpfrs d K ;om;vk H ; pnf;vk H ;nDnGwfa&;
Rakhine National Solidarity udk a&SU&Ijcif;?
taumiftxnfaz:jcif; wpdwfwydkif;
jzpfygonf/
(om"u wpfcktaejzifh-ajrmufOD;
NrdKUe,f awmifydkif;wGif aus;vuf a'ocH
vli,f? vlBuD;rsm;pnf;&kH;NyD; ajrmufOD;
NrdKUe,f awmifydkif; a'ozGHYNzdK;a&;aumfrwD
zGJUpnf;NyD; a'ocHaus;&Gmrsm;rS vlBuD;?
vli,f? a,mufsm;? rdef;r tzGJU0iftjzpf
pnf;&kH;um tzGJU0if wpfOD;vQif wpfv
vQif-500d^? wpfESpf-6000d^ vpOf
aumufcHygonf/ xdktoif;aiGrsm;tjyif
tvSLaiGrsm;aumufcHNyD; vrf;rsm; aqmuf
vkyfjcif;? wHwm;rsm;wnfaqmufjcif;rsm;
udk aqmif&GufvQuf&Sd&m avmif;Muufyg;
awmfvrf;(10)rdkifcefY? vufyHawmOuúm
ausmfvrf;? r[mxD;Ouúmausmfvrf;?
txkyfonfrZD;Zmvrf;? txkyfonf r,dkif
onf oH&Sifjyifvrf;rsm; azmufvkyfxm;NyD;
jzpfygonf/ azguf acsmif;BudK;wHwm;
(NyD;pD;)? yg;awmfBudK;wHwm;(50%NyD;)?
armifndK uRef;oHuluGefu&pfwHwm;
pwifaqmif&GufaeNyD jzpfygonf/ vufyH
&cdkifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwDodk YwifoGif;aom ]]vli,fuGef,uf&cd kifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwDodk YwifoGif;aom ]]vli,fuGef,uf&cd kifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwDodk YwifoGif;aom ]]vli,fuGef,uf&cd kifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwDodk YwifoGif;aom ]]vli,fuGef,uf&cd kifwdkif;&if;om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD? A[dkaumfrwDodk YwifoGif;aom ]]vli,fuGef,uf
aus;vufa'ozGH Y Nzd K;a&;pDrHudef;}}(aus;vufa'ozGH Y Nzd K;a&;pDrHudef;}}(aus;vufa'ozGH Y Nzd K;a&;pDrHudef;}}(aus;vufa'ozGH Y Nzd K;a&;pDrHudef;}}(aus;vufa'ozGH Y Nzd K;a&;pDrHudef;}}(Native Youth Network Development's Project)pmwrf;)pmwrf;
)pmwrf;)pmwrf;)pmwrf;
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 201215POLITICAL ARTICLE
áá,ciftywfrStqufáá
&cdkifjynfolY'Drdkua&pD wyfaygif;
pkudk 27-2-89 aeYwGif rSwfykHwif&&SdNyD;
aemuf wyfaygif;pkvkyfief;rsm;udk taumif
txnf az:Muonf/ &cdkifwdkif;&if;om;
(4)ygwD nDnGwfí &cdkifwyfaygif;pk zGJUEdkif
NyDjzpfaMumif; &cdkifvlxkodkY csjyMuonf/
pnf;½kH;a&;qif;Muonf/ ygvDref'Drdkua&
pD a&G;aumufyGJpepfabmifatmufwGif
ygwDrsm; wyfaygif;pkzGJUí jynfolxJodkY
pnf;½kH;a&;qif;&mü tcuftcJrsm; awGY&
onf/ ygwD0ifvdkolrsm;udk wyfaygif;pkodkY
pm&if;oGif;&rnfavm? rdrdygwD0iftjzpf
todtrSwfjyKxm;&rnfavm/ udk,fhygwD
twGufompnf;½kH;&efvnf; roifhavsmf?
wyfaygif;pk0iftjzpf pnf;½kH;vQifvnf;
jyóem½IyfaxG;rI&Sdonf/
wyfaygif;pkqdkonfrSm rlvygwD
rsm; rzsufodrf;bJ yg0ifaejcif;jzpfojzifh
wyfaygif;pkNydKuGJvQif ygwD0ifxm;olrsm;
rnfonfhygwDodkY a&mufoGm;&rnfenf;/
wyfaygif;pk\oabmrSm vdar®mfoD;wpfvkH;
uJhodkY trTmvdkuf,lí cGgypfEdkifaomaMumifh
jzpfonf/ jynfolrsm;rSm ygwDwpf&yf&yfodkY
om 0ifa&muf&rnfjzpf&m wyfaygif;pk
pnf;½kH;rI wkefYqdkif;aecJh&onf/
17-2-89 aeY &u©dKifausmif;om;
vli,frsm; tzGJUcsKyfrS OD;pD;usif;ycJhaom
rlvwyfaygif;pkjzpfajrmufa&; tpnf;ta0;
wGif qkH;jzwfcsuf? yk'fr(30)ck csrSwfcJhMu
onf/ yk'fr(27)? (28)ESifh (30)wdkYwGif
azmfjyxm;onfrSm-
yk'fr(27)/ wyfaygif;pkzGJUpnf;NyD;
ygu ¤if;wyfaygif;pk zG JUpnf;NyD;csdefrS
(2)vtwGif; oufqdkif&m ygwDtoD;oD;
\ NrdKUe,fudk,fpm;vS,frsm;yg0ifaom
nDvmcHwpf&yfudk ac:,lusif;y&rnf/
yk'fr(28)/ wufa&mufvmaom
nDvmcHudk,fpm;vS,frsm;rS wpfzGJUwpfygwD
zGJUpnf;&ef ta&;qdkvmygu wyfaygif;pk
r SO D ;aqmifí wpfz G J UwpfygwDtjzpf
ajymif;vJ zGJUpnf;ay;&rnf/
yk'fr(30)/ wyfaygif;pkBuD;udk
]&cdkifjynfolY 'Drdkua&pDygwD}[k ac:wGif
ap&rnf[k yg&Sdonf/
23-2-89 ESifh 24-2-89 aeYrsm;
u ppfawGNrdKU &'z(A[dkcGJ)wGif jyKvkyfaom
NrdKUe,faygif;pkH tpnf;ta0;ü ]]wpfygwD
avm? wyfaygif;pkavm}}qkH;jzwfcsuf,lMu
&m ppfawG? ausmufjzL? aygufawm? ajrykH
NrdKUe,f &'z wdkYu wpfygwDjzpfa&;udk
axmufcHNyD; ykPÖm;uRef;NrdKUe,f &'zrS
Mum;aecJhonf/ þonfyifvQif &cdkifwpf
ygwDwnf; jzpfvma&;twGuf &cdkifjynf
olrsm;\qE´ wpfpdwfwpfydkif;udk,fpm;jyK
az:jyvdkufjcif; jzpfonf/
ppfawGNrdKUe,f &'ztaeESifhrl
wyfaygif;pktqifhrQESifh rvkHavmuf[k
,lqonf/ wyfaygif;pkonf ygwDwpf&yf
r[kwfbJ ygwDrsm;pkaygif;xm;aom tpkom
jzpfojzifh wpfaygif;wpfpnf;wnf;aom
ygwDwpf&yftaejzifhom(wpfenf;tm;jzifh)
wpfrsdK;om;vkH; pnf;vkH;nDnGwfrIjzifhom
tz&cdkifjynfuHMur®mudk taumif;bufodkY
OD;aqmifzefwD;Edkifrnf[k ,lqonf/ xdkY
aMumifh wpfygwDwnf;jzpfa&;odkY tjrefqkH;
BudK;yrf;aqmif&GufoGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
qkH;jzwfonf/
ausmufjzNrdKUe,ftaejzifhvnf;
wyfaygif;pkonf &cdkifwpfrsdK;om;vkH;udk
udk,fpm;jyKaom EdkifiHa&;tzGJUtpnf;
wpfckr[kwfao;[k ,lqonf/ xdkYaMumifh
ygwDtm;vkH;aygif;í &cdkifwpfygwDwnf;
jzpf&efvdktyfNyD; ygwDrsm;yl;aygif;&mü
vnf; yg0ifaom ygwDrsm;tm;vkH;udk
½kyfodrf;&rnf[k az:jyonf/
&'z A[dk\ oabmxm;aMujim
csufwGif ]]&'zonf rlBuD;(5)csuftay:
cdkifrmpGm &yfwnfrnfjzpfaMumif;? wyf
aygif;pkwGifyg0ifaomfvnf; rdrdygwD\
&yfwnfcsufudk rpGefYvTwfEdkifaMumif;}}azmf
jyxm;onf/ xkdYaMumifh tcsdefraESmif;rD
wyfaygif;pkrS wpfygwDtjzpfodkY ul;ajymif;
a&;vkH;yrf;vm&awmhonf/
29-4-89 aeYwGif usif;yaom
wyfaygif;pk A[dktvkyftrIaqmif tpnf;
ta0;rS &cdkiftrsdK;om;ygwDrsm;tm;vkH;
wpfygwDwnf;tjzpf zGJUpnf;a&;udk uefY
uGufolr&Sd qkH;jzwfcJhonf/ wpfygwDwnf;
jzpfa&;vkyfief;udk arvtwGif; taumif
txnfaz:&ef twnfjyKcJhMuonf/
wyfaygif;pkrS wpfygwDwnf;jzpf
a&;twGuf &cdkifjynfolYEdkifiHa&; twdkifyifcH
uGef*&ufudk owfrSwf&ufxuf
wpfveD;yg;aemufusNyD;rS 4-6-89 aeYwGif
usif;yEdkifcJhonf/ zGJUpnf;a&;pnf;rsOf;rsm;
csrSwf&mwGif wufa&muf&rnfh ygwDnD
vmcHudk,fpm;vS,frsm;udk a&G;cs,f&mü-
(u) ygwDtoD;oD;rS A[dktvkyftrI
aqmifrsm;tm;vkH;? A[dkaumfrwD0ifrsm;
tm;vkH;
(c) NrdKUe,fygwD w&m;0ifzGJUpnf;NyD;aom
ygwDtoD;oD;rS wpfNrdKUe,fvQif udk,fpm;
vS,f(5)OD;pD
(*) xif&Sm;aom wpfoD;yk*¾v rsdK;cspf
yk*¾dKvfrsm; [lí owfrSwfcJhygonf/
ygwDnDvmcHodkY (1) &cdkifjynfolY
nDnGwfa&;tzGJU? (2) &cdkifjynfnDnGwfa&;
ESifh 'Drdkua&pDygwD? (3) &u©dKifausmif;om;
vli,frsm;tzGJUcsKyf? (4) &cdkiftrsdK;om;
vlYtcGifhta&;ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;tzGJU? (5)
&'zrS ppfawGNrdKUe,fESifh ausmufjzLNrdKUe,f
udk,fpm;vS,frsm; wufa&mufcJhMuonf/
pp fawG Nr d K Ue,f &'z
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpf OD;apmarmif?
OD;a0pdefatmif? OD;wifatmif? OD;omyGifh?
O D ;x Ge f ;atmi fausm fw d k Yu d k a& G ;
cs,fcJhMuonf/
&cd ki fwpfygwDjzpfa&;twGuf
usif;yaom &cdkifjynfolY EdkifiHa&;twdkif
yifcH uGef*&ufudk ppfawGNrdKU?ausmif;wuf
vrf;&yfuGuf? OD;Owårvrf;? trSwf(250)
wGif (3)&ufwdkifwdkif usif;cJhMuonf/
nDvmcHudk,fpm;vS,frsm;teufrS A[dk
aumfrwD0if(51)OD;udka&G;cs,fNyD;? ,if;
txJrS A[dktvkyftrIaqmifrsm;udk a&G;
cs,fcJhMuonf/ Ouú|ESifh taxGaxGtwGif;
a&;rSL;wdkYudk vQdKU0SufrJpepfjzifh a&G;cs,f
wifajr§mufcJhMuonf/
&cdkifwyfaygif;pkygwD\ EdkifiHa&;
OD;aoQmiftzGJU0ifrsm;tjzpf OD;MumvSatmif?
OD;omausmf(bkHayguf)? OD;ausmfZH&TD? OD;btkef;?
OD;apmatmif A[dktvkyftrIaqmiftzGJY
0ifrsm;tjzpf Ouú| OD;atmifpdefom? 'k-
Ouú|-OD;apmarmif? 'k-Ouú| OD;atmif
bef;om? 'k-Ouú| OD;pHomxGef; taxGaxG
twGif;a&;rSL;-OD;a0pdefatmif? wGJbuf
twGif;a&;rSL;-OD;vSarmif(vl^Nidrf;)?
twGif;a&;rSL;rsm;tjzpf-OD;b&Sdef? OD;omyGifh?
OD;azodef; b@ma&;rSL;-a'gufwmwif
atmif? wGJbuftwGif;a&;rSL;-OD;OD;oef;
armif? pm&if;ppf-OD;xGef;atmifausmf?
wGJbufpm&if;ppf-OD;ausmfZHom tygt0if
(37)OD; yg&Sdonf/
&cdkifjynfolY 'Drdkua&pDwyfaygif;pk
ygwD(odkY) &cdkifjynfolY'Drkdua&pDygwDudk
atmifjrifpGm zGJUpnf;NyD;aemuf a&G;aumuf
yGJaumfr&SifodkY pm&if;ay;ydkYcJhonf/ wyf
aygif;pkygwD\ EdkifiHa&;&nfrSef;csufrSm
]]ppfrSefaom jynfaxmifpktwGif;rS udk,f
ydkifjy|mef;cGifh tjynfht0&Sdaom &cdkif
jynfopfwnfaqmufa&;}}jzpfonf/ jynf
axmifpkwdkif;&if;om;rsm; 'Drdkua&pDtzGJU
csKyf(UNLD)odk Yvnf; tzGJU0ifjzpf&ef
avQmuf xm;cJhonf/
odkYaomfvnf; &cdkiftrsdK;om;(3)
ygwDEdkifiHa&;c&D;tp0,f...(3)
wyfaygif;pk\oabmrSm vdar®mfoD;wpfvkH;uJhodkY trTmvdkuf,lí cGgypfEdkifaomaMumifhjzpfonf
}}
]]
ojzifh tcufBuKHae&onf[k qdkonf/
]],if;ydkif jyKvkyfpGma& vkyfief;
aqmif&GufeDa& a'ocHv,forwdudk
uaumif;xdcdkufpDyga&/ xkwfjyefxm;a&
trdef Ypmwdud k E Iwfeef Y&yfwef Yp Gma&
vkyfxkH;vkyfenf;r[kwf}}[k ajrykHNrdKUe,f
trSwf(2) rJqEe,frS jynfe,fvTwfawmf
udk,fpm;vS,f OD;armifvkH; uqdkonf/
qif;& Jr G JawrIavQm hcsa&;ESi f h
aus;vufaejynfolrsm; vlaerItqifh
twef ; jri f hrm;a&;ud k O D ;pm;ay;
aqmif&GufaeaomtcsdefwGif a'ocHjynfol
trsm;pktwGuf xdcdkufepfemapEdkifaom
vkyfief;rsm;tm; a&Smif&Sm;vQuf a'ocH
jynfolrsm;\tusdK;udk OD;pm;ay;aqmif
&GufoifhaMumif; ¤if;uqufvufajym
Mum;onf/
&cd kifjynfe,fa'o toD;oD;ü
tvm;wl v,f,majrjyóem rsm;
qufvufjzpfyGm;aeaMumif; od&onf/
IRCR^ajrykH
pmrsufESm(20)rStqufpmrsufESm(20)rStqufpmrsufESm(20)rStqufpmrsufESm(20)rStqufpmrsufESm(20)rStquf
ygwD raygif;pnf;bJ &SdaecJhonf/ (1) &cdkif
wdkif;&if;om;rsm; nDnGwfa&;tzGJU(&wn)?
(2) &cdkif'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf(&'z)? (3) &cdkif
jynfolY 'Drdkua&pDwyfaygif;pkygwD(&y'w)
wdkYjzpfonf/ &cdkif(3)ygwD nDnGwfa&;
twGuf qufvufBudK;pm;Mu&onf/ &cdkif
(3)ygwD qufvufyl;aygif;a&;(r&vQif)
r[mrdwfjyKí a&G;aumufyG J0ifa&;wdk Y
jzpfonf/
&cdkifygwDBuD; (3)ckawGYqkHaqG;aEG;
yGJudk 1990-ck? Zefe0g&DvtwGif; (3)Budrf
jyKvkyfcJhMuonf/ yxrtBudrfaqG;aEG;yGJ
wGif &y'wrS taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;
OD;a0pdefatmif? b@ma&;rSL;-a'gufwm
wifatmif? twGif;a&;rSL;tzGJU0if-OD;azodef;?
OD;oef;ausmf wdkY wufa&mufcJhMuonf/
'kwd,tBudrf? wwd,tBudrf aqG;aEG;yGJ
rsm;udkvnf; &'z XmecsKyf? &wn XmecsKyf
wd k YwGif qufwd kuf jyKvkyfcJ h Muonf/
odkYaomf rnfodkYrQ nd§EIdif;r&cJhMuacs/
xdkYtjyif &cdkifjynfe,fwGif trsdK;
om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJUcsKyf(NLD)? wdkif;&if;
pnf;vkH;nDnGwfa&;ygwD(wpn)paom
ArmOD;aqmifygwDBuD;rsm;vnf; 0ifa&muf
,SOfNydKifMurnfjzpfonf/
&cdkifjynfuHMur®mtwGuf &cdkif
jynfolwdkY rnfodkYvkyfaqmifMu&rnfenf;/
&cdkifvlxkrSm ZmwdaoG;Zmwdrmefjrifhrm;
rI? rsdK;cspfpdwf"gwfxufoefrI? EdkifiHa&;
tod? EdkifiHa&;owd&SdrIwdkYaMumifh &cdkif(3)
ygwDteufrS toif hawmfqk H;ygwDud k
1990? arv(27)&uf taxGaxGa&G;
aumufyGJBuD;ü ykHatmrJay;vdkufMuawmh
onf/ áá
OD;a0pdefatmif
owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 2012
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16 ARTICLE SECTION
avmuBuD;rSm vlvdkYjzpfwnfvm&if
vlrIb0ywf0ef;usifqdkwmvnf; &S dyg
w,f/ b,folr S vl Yywf0e f ;usi fe J Y
uif;uGmvdkYr&Edkifygbl;/ vlESifh vlYywf0ef;
usif&S daeorQ vlrIy#dyu©qdkwmvnf;
wenf;r[kwf wenf; jzpfwnfvm&
wwfygw,f/ vlom;tcsif;csif; vlrIy#d
yu©awG jzpfMu&wJhtwGuf wpfOD;tay:
wpfOD; EdkifxufpD;eif;rjyK&atmif? vlom;
tcGifhta&;? vlrItcGifhta&;qdkNyD;awmh
awmif;qdkvmMuygw,f/ 'gudk ]]vlYtcGifh
ta&;}}qdk&ifvnf; &Edkifaumif;ygw,f/
vl YtcGif hta&;qd kwm bmvJ?
vlqdkwmubmvJ? rdbESpfyg;u arG;zGm;
ay;vdkufNyD; yckH;ESpfbufMum; acgif;ygvm
wmeJY? vlYpum;ajymwwfwmeJY vlvdk Y
jzpfvma&mhvm;/ vlqdkwm pOfpm;awG;ac:
qkH;jzwfwwfwJh todÓPfjynfh0ae&
r,f/ taumif;eJYraumif; em;vnfEdkif&
r,f/ t&m&mudk tEkvkH y#dvkH cGJjcrf;
pdwfjzm okH;oyfEdkif&r,f/ 'grS vlYwefbdk;eJY
nDr,f/ ]]vlYwefbdk;&SdrSvnf; vlvdkYowf
r SwfE d ki fr,f/ acgi f ;wpfvk H ;ygwd ki f ; ?
vlpum;ajymwwfwdkif; vlvdkYrowfrSwf
Edkifygbl;/ 'gaMumifh vlYtcGifhta&;qdkwm
vnf; vlwdkif;twGufr[kwfbl;}}/ vlvdk
usifh? vlY0wå&m;eJYtnD aexdkifwJh? vlYwef
bdk;&SdwJholawGtwGufrS vlYtcGifhta&;
qdkwJhpHeJY udkufnDrI&SdEdkifr,f/ aygufvTJyJ
pm;? tMurf;zufwJholawGtwGuf vlYtcGifh
ta&;qdkwm r&Sdoifhbl;? ay;vnf; ray;
Edkifbl;/ 'gaMumifh vlYtcGifhta&;qdkwJh
pum;udk tm;tm;&Sdwdkif; t&omawGYwdkif;
atmfaevdkY rjzpfbl;/
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ta&; aMujimpmwrf;? tyd k' f(1)rSm
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'gjzifh EdkifiHwpfEdkifiHrSm vlYtcGifh
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t&mvm;/ olYxufyd k NyD; ta&;BuD;wJh
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ta&;rBuD;awmhbl;vm;/ uRefawmftae
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om;tusdK;pD;yGm;u ydkNyD; ta&;BuD;w,fvdkY
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twGuf olYEdkifiHudk xdyg;vm&if rnfonfh
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at;twlyltrQ wnfNidrfaewJh tajctae
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w&m;Oay' pdk;rdk;rIaES;auG;vdkY bmvdkYqdk
wmawGud k cPab;z,fxm;O D ; /
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atmif zefwD;cJhwm &cdkifawGvm;? rlqvif
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awGuwqifh tjzpfrSefudk tm;vkH;em;vnf
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&cdkifawG[m udk,fhtdk;udk,fhtdrfudk
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&cdkifajru ZmwdzGm;wdkif;&if;om; ppfppf
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rSnfhcsifovdkrSnfhNyD; wdkif;&if;om; jzpfcsif
vdk Y&rSmygvJ}}/ e,fajrudkvnf; olwdk Y
e,fajrtjzpfyg vdkcsifao;w,f/ jynfy
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om;rsm;wdk;wufa&;ygwD Ouú|BuD;? trsdK;
om;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f a'gufwm
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txufu uRefawmfqdkcJhygw,f/
vlYtcGifhta&;? vlYtcGifhta&;qdkwm vlvdk
usifhNyD; vlY0wå&m;eJYtnD at;twlyltrQ
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twGufqdkwm/ ckawmh EdkifiH&JU vkHNcKHa&;
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rQrQwwpOf;pm;zdkYygbJ/ vkHNcKHa&;pHudkawmh
wpfrsdK;om;vkH;twGuf vufqkyfvufudkif
wif;MuyfpGm udkifwG,f&awmhr,fvdkY ,lq
ygw,f/
a*g,majrapm0if;(4-9-2012)
eD0ef;opf
rsufpdrSdwfNyD; ,kHyg&ap/ tm;vkH;
udk ,kHcsifygw,f/ ,kHvnf;,kHxdkufNyD
xifygw,f/ tm;vkH;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;
jrif&NyDyJ/ tarSmif&dyfxJu vGwfajrmufcJh
NyDyJ/ [kwfuJh uRefawmf tm;vkH;udk ,kHvdkuf
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vltcGihfta&;pHeJYvkHNcKHa&;pH
owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 201217LOCAL NEWS
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owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 201218 ARTICLE SECTION
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owif;vTm Vol:2, No-12, November 201219
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INTERVIEW DESCRIPTION
owif;vTmVol:2, No-12, November 2012LOCAL NEWS20
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