Synchronize OpenLDAP and AD

Clément OUDOTRMLL 2013

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Table of contents● LDAP Synchronization Connector (LSC)● Active Directory specificities● Synchronize OpenLDAP and AD

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Resume

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Clément OUDOT● Engineer since 2003 at LINAGORA company● LinID Dream Team Manager: http://linid.org ● Founder of LDAP Tool Box project:

http://ltb-project.org ● Leader of LemonLDAP::NG project:

http://lemonldap-ng.org

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LDAP Synchronization Connector

LDAP Synchronization Connector● Free software● BSD license● Written in Java● XML configuration files

● http://lsc-project.org

LDAP Synchronization Connector● Synchronization :

● From/To LDAP, SQL, fichiers● One-shot or continuous

● CSV or LDIF exports of what has been synchronized● Data manipulation engine: Javascript (Rhino), Groovy● API LDAP for scripts

Main features● Source and destination connectors:

● LDAPv3 Directories● JDBC compatible data bases● Flat files● Plugins: Google Apps, ...

● LDAPv3 advanced support:● StartTLS, LDAPS● Paged result● LDAP Sync (SyncRepl), Persistent search

How it works● Sync phase:

● Read all entries in source, get the pivot attribute● For each entry, read entry in source and in

destination, using the pivot attribute● Apply modifications or create the entry in

destination

● Clean phase:● Read all entries in destination, get the pivot

attribute● For each entry, read entry in source using the

pivot attribute● Delete entry in destination if not found in source

Configuration overview

<?xml version="1.0" ?><lsc xmlns="http://lsc-project.org/XSD/lsc-core-2.0.xsd" revision="1"> <connections></connections> <tasks></tasks></lsc>

LDAP connection

<ldapConnection> <name>ldap-dst-conn</name> <url>ldap://HOSTNAME/SUFFIX</url> <username>DN</username> <password>PWD</password> <authentication>SIMPLE</authentication> <referral>IGNORE</referral> <derefAliases>NEVER</derefAliases> <version>VERSION_3</version> <pageSize>-1</pageSize> <factory>com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory</factory> <tlsActivated>false</tlsActivated></ldapConnection>

<databaseConnection> <name>jdbc-src-conn</name> <url>jdbc:JDBC_URL</url> <username>USER</username> <password>PWD</password> <driver>JDBC_DRIVER</driver></databaseConnection>

Database connection

Tasks● Several tasks can be defined in one connector● For each task:

● Source service (using a connection definition)● Destination service (using a connection definition)● Synchronization rules

<task> <name>agent</name> <bean>org.lsc.beans.SimpleBean</bean> <databaseSourceService></databaseSourceService> <ldapDestinationService></ldapDestinationService> <propertiesBasedSyncOptions></propertiesBasedSyncOptions></task>

Available services● Source services

● databaseSourceService● ldapSourceService● asyncLdapSourceService

● Destination services● databaseDestinationService● ldapDestinationService

Synchronization rules● <mainIdentifier>: how to compute the main

identifier (DN for an LDAP service)● <conditions>: allowed operations in the task

(create, update, delete, changeId)● <dataset>: mapping definition between

source and destination attribute

Examples<dataset> <name>objectClass</name> <policy>KEEP</policy> <forceValues> <string>"top"</string> <string>"person"</string> <string>"organizationalPerson"</string> <string>"inetOrgPerson"</string> </forceValues></dataset>

<dataset> <name>cn</name> <policy>FORCE</policy> <forceValues> <string><[CDATA[srcBean.getDatasetFirstValueById("FIRSTNAME") + srcBean.getDatasetFirstValueById("NAME"); ]]></string> </forceValues></dataset>

LDAP Query Language● Access to srcLdap (source) and ldap (destination)

connection objects● Special functions:

● attribute(DN, attribute) ● search(base, filter) ● list(base, filter) ● read(base, filter)● sup(DN, level)

srcLdap.attribute( srcLdap.list( "ou=services", "uniqueMember=" + srcBean.getDistinguishName() + "" ), 'description').get(0)

Logs● Logback: http://logback.qos.ch/● Output formats:

● Standard : org.lsc.utils.output.LdifLayout● LDIF: org.lsc.utils.output.LdifLayout

– <onlyLdif>true</onlyLdif>● CSV: org.lsc.utils.output.CsvLayout

– <logOperations>create,update</logOperations>– <attrs>dn;uid;sn;givenName;description;cn</attrs>– <separator>;</separator>– <outputHeader>true</outputHeader>– <taskNames>MyTask</taskNames>

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Active Directory

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Connection● No anonymous access● SSL required for some operations (password

change)● Paged result to avoid 1000 entries limit● Specific AD configuration to avoir 1500 values

limit (range)

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Schema● Non standard objectclass user:

● top– person

● organizationalPerson– user

● InetOrgPerson

● Non standard attributes:● sAMAccountName● unicodePwd● ...

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Password● Password can be written, cannot be read● Attribute unicodePwd (~ clear text)● Old password remain valid for one hour● Accepted password in the LDAP modify operation

are not always accepted to authenticate (non ASCII characters...)

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LSC helpersaDTimeToUnixTimestamp(long aDTime) Transform an AD timestamp to a Unix timestamp.aDTimeToUnixTimestamp(String aDTimeString) Helper method to automatically parse an AD timestamp from a String before calling aDTimeToUnixTimestamp(long).getAccountExpires(String expireDate) Returns the accountexpires time in Microsoft formatgetAccountExpires(String expireDate, String format) Return the accountexpires time in specified formatgetNumberOfWeeksSinceLastLogon(String lastLogonTimestamp) Return the number of weeks since the last logongetUnicodePwd(String password) Encode a password so that it can be updated in Active Directory in the field unicodePwd.

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LSC helpersunixTimestampToADTime(int unixTimestamp) Transform a Unix timestamp to an AD timestamp.unixTimestampToADTime(String unixTimestampString) Helper method to automatically parse a Unix timestamp from a String before calling unixTimestampToADTime(int).userAccountControlCheck(int value, String constToCheck) Check if a bit is set in UserAccountControluserAccountControlSet(int origValue, String[] constToApply) Set or unset some bits to a UserAccountControl attribute of an ADuserAccountControlToggle(int value, String constToApply) Toggle a bit in UserAccountControl

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Synchronize OpenLDAP and AD

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Main configuration● Create a simple LDAP to LDAP connector● Define specific connection parameters for AD● Use SSL to AD if you need to manage password● Define specific attributes needed in AD● Specify the search filters and the pivot attributes● Write datasets for non linear attribute mapping

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The password problem● Several approaches:

● Use AD as the authentication referential, use SASL from OpenLDAP to forward the authentication to AD

● Keep a plain text or symmetric hashed password in OpenLDAP, to push the password with LSC

● Catch the password when it is changed in AD, trough SFU (Services For Unix), or with a password filter DLL (example: PasswdHK)

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Almost the end...

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18-19 November - PARIS

http://www.ldapcon.org

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Thanks● Special thanks to:

● RMLL/LSM and their organizers● Company LINAGORA● All LiniD developers

● Keep in touch:● Identica: @coudot● Twitter: @clementoudot @LinID_FOSS ● IRC: KPTN #LinID@freenode● Web: http://linid.org

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Questions?

Thanks for your attention

http://www.linid.org

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