RIZAL in

France And Germany

FranceHe first arrived at MARSEILLES.During his summer vacation Rizal went to Paris and stayed there from June 17 to august 20, 1883 to observed how medicine was being practice there and returned to Madrid.After his studies in Madrid, he went back to Paris.

Rizal in Paris (the capital city of France) 1885 -1886

Rizal is 24 years old and a full-fledged surgeon.

He migrated into Paris by his intention to specialize in ophthalmology.

MAXIMO VIOLA-medical student from San Miguel, Bulacan; help rizal to published the Noli Me Tangere

Rizal worked as an assistant and apprentice at the eye clinic of DR. LOUIS DE WECKER for 4 months.

Rizal learned the following from Dr. De Wecker:

-actual performance of eye operation

-recent studies on the ailment of the eyes

-various techniques of eye operation

Rizal took time to visit his fellow Filipinos in the city and he frequented the residences of Felix R. Hidalgo, Pardo De Tavera, And Juan Luna.

For a time, he stayed with Juan Luna in the latter’s studio in Paris and became Luna's model in the two of his historical canvasses:

-The Blood Compact (Sikatuna)-Death Of Cleopatra (Priest)

Blood compact

Death Of Cleopatra

Before leaving the city, Rizal had completed ¼ of this first novel , the Noli Me Tangere.

Rizal continued his study on various languages and practiced his artistic skills

- finished two statues: “THE BEGGAR” and “THE MAID WITH A BASKET”.

He organized social club called “KIDLAT CLUB” which brought together young Filipinos residing in France. Soon the members of the said club founded a new Filipino society- the INDIOS BRAVOS, an organization which envisioned Filipinos being recognized by the Spain for being excellent in various fields of knowledge.

Germany

Feb. 1, 1886-Rizal left for Germany.

He left Paris due to its high cost of living, which he could not cope with.

Rizal in Heidelberg, GermanyFeb. 3, 1886- he arrived in

HeidelbergHEIDELBERG- famous for its

university and romantic surroundings

Rizal became a member of chess players’ club of Heidelberg

Rizal also became popular in German students because in their drinking sprees.

After a few days, Rizal decided to transfer to a boarding house close to the university of Heidelberg. He was privilege to work at the eye hospital of the university, under the tutelage of DR. OTTO BECKER. It was at this university town where he perfect the techniques of diagnosing eye ailments, which he learned under Dr. Louis De Wecker.

Rizal wrote letters to his sisters Maria and Trinidad. In his letters he described:

>Germany- country of order and obedience

>German students- affectionate, respectful,

modest, and not boastful

>German women- tall stout and blonde (physical)

- serious, studious, simple,

industrious, not afraid of men, concerned about education, diligent

Rizal write a poem entitled “A LOS FLORES DEL HEIDELBERG” (to the flowers of Heidelberg) on April 12, 1886

-he was inspired by the Neckar river teeming with flowers

-he made this poem because of his mood of homesicknessPoem of two greatest love of

man on earth, poem of remembrance and poem of the motherland (FORGET-ME-NOTS)

Summer vacation at Wilhelmsfeld ( enjoyable one for Rizal) WILHELMSFELD-mountainous village

at Heidelberg Rizal met DR. KARL ULMER- a pastor

of vicarage of Wilhelmsfeld Pastor Ulmer’s Wife greatly admire

Rizal Returned to Heidelberg at June

2,1886 remembering the hospitality and friendship accorded to him by the ULMERS

• Rizal appreciated so much from his stay in German village- the religious tolerance the people practice in the area

• He observe the Pastor Ulmer being able to get well with the catholic priest in the area which is not possible in the Philippines at that time because of the dominant belief that only the friars were the only true purveyors of the words of God.

First correspondence with Blumentritt–Rizal sent his first correspondence with ferdinand blumentritt (director of the ateneo of leimeritz), after his vacation in wilhelmfeld, on july 31, 1886.–Reason: latter’s interest in the ethnology and Philippines languages

–Accompanying his letter was a book entitled ARITMETICA, authored by Rufino Baltazar Hernandez and published by the UST Press in 1868–Rizal first correspondence

impressed Blumentritt, in return he sent Rizal two books which marked as the beginning of the frequent communication through medium of writing.

Rizal to Leipzig and Dresden

• After attending the 5th centenary foundation day celebration of the University of Heidelberg, Rizal visited other cities in Germany

• He arrived in Leipzig on august 14, 1886 on board a train. Part of his activities in this city was attendance at the lectures given by German professors in history and psychology.

• It was in the university of Heidelberg where Rizal came to know PROF. FRIEDRICH RATZEL (well known German historian) and DR. HANS MEYER (famous German anthropologist

• Rizal translated SCHILLER’S WILLIAM TELL into tagalog for the Filipinos to be aware of the story of the champion of Swiss independence.

• He also translated the fairy tales written by HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN for the benefit of his young nieces and nephews in the Philippines.

• Rizal worked as a proofreader in a publishing company to augment his allowance. He was fortunate enough to be accepted because of his knowledge of German, Spanish, and other European languages.

• He stayed for two months because of the lower cost of living at Leipzig

• He left Leipzig on Oct. 29,1886 and went to Dresden, where he met DR. ADOLPH MEYER (director of anthropological and ethnological museum of the city).

• After 3 days he left Dresden and went to Berlin by a train

Rizal in Berlin• Rizal arrived in Berlin in the evening

of Nov.1 1886reasons:

- to supplement his studies of languages and science

-to study and observe the political and economic

conditions of Germany-to join the circle of famous German scientists and

scholars-to complete and publish his

novel Noli Me Tangere

• Fortunate enough he met in person DR. FEODOR JAGOR, author of the book Travels In The Philippines

• Reason why he admired the book

- it predicted the collapse of the Spanish regime in the Philippines

-it prophesied the coming of the Americans into the Philippines

• His acquaintance with DR. JAGOR, through a letter of introduction from Blumentritt, resulted into his friendship with numerous German intellectuals like the ffg:–Dr. Rudolf Virchow , a German

anthropologist–Dr. Hans Virchow, a German

professor of descriptive anatomy–Dr. Joest, a famous German

geographer–Dr. Karl Ernest Schweigger, a noted

German ophthalmologist

• His association with these German intellectuals led to his membership in prestigious societies of scholars and intellectuals in Berlin

• By the recommendation of DR. JAGOR and DR. MEYER, Rizal was accepted as a member of the ffg societies in Berlin:

-anthropological society, ethnological society, and geographical society

• Acting on invitation the invitation of DR.VIRCHOW, Rizal presented a paper in German entitled TAGALISCHE VERKUNST (Tagalog medical art) to the ethnological society of Berlin

• Life in Berlin was not that easy for Rizal.–Morning: worked as an assistant of

DR. SCHWEIGGER’S CLINIC– Evening: Attended lectures in the

UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN– At boarding house: he continued his

physical trimming exercises and practice in speaking German, French and Italian languages.

– Before resting in the evening: he took time writing and completing his first novel

• There was a time he found himself penniless, that happened from Nov. 1886-May 1887

• Unable to sent his monthly stipend owing to crop failures in Calamba

• In order to eat, he pawn the diamond ring given by Saturnina and sell his books to second-hand bookstores

• Rizal got sick with coughs and colds which are sings of tuberculosis

• Penniless at Berlin, he thought of burning his first novel, which he had completed.

Source:>www.slideshare.net>www.filipinaslibrary.org.ph>www.wikipilipinas.com>www.trisiders.com>Rizal And The Develoment Of

Filiino Nationalism By Garcia, Ed.D And Cruz, Ph.D (2005)

>Jose Rizal In Our Times By Augusto V. De Viana (2012)

>