rise of the cattle drive. background: 1866-1886 when the spanish settled mexico and texas, they...
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Rise of the Cattle
Drive
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Background: 1866-1886• When the Spanish settled Mexico and Texas,
they brought a tough breed of cattle with them called the Long horns
• By 1865, these cattle had gradually spread across Texas and eventually numbered 5 million
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Rise of the Cattle Drive• Cattle ranchers could not make much money
selling their cattle in Texas because there were so few people– Supply > Demand
…..Lower Prices
• Markets were much better in the North and East, where people wanted to buy cattle products– Supply < Demand
…..Higher Prices
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Significance of Railroads• (260,000) cattle could be loaded on trains and
shipped to the north and east– Cattle increased in value from $3.00 $40.00
• Cow Towns- R.R. towns for marketing and shipping cattle– Abilene and Dodge City, Kansas & Cheyenne,
Wyoming
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Branding
Spring Round Up
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Long Drive• Ranchers hired Cowboys to herd cattle
1,000 miles from Texas to the Cow Towns– CHALLENGE: Speed vs. Fat cattle• “Rustlers” cattle thieves • Long days (15hrs), weather Conditions, stampedes
• Chisholm Trail• Goodnight-Loving Trail
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ChisholmGoodnight-
Loving
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Long Drive Crew:
• 3,000 Cattle• Boss• 10 Cowboys + 30
horses• 1 Chuck Wagon + 1
cook• Horse wranglers who
took care of the Remuda, or spare horses
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Who were the Cowboys?
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Who were the Cowboys really? Hollywood/Country Song Real Cowboys• Age: Young • How did they look?
– Stud, sparkling white teeth, clean shaven – Like Woody – ‘Sharp Shooter’
• What was their daily lives like?– “Glamorous Lives” Out fighting Indians, lassoing cattle, saving the Damsel in Distress, singing cowboy songs at night and fighting brawls with outlaws
• Age: Under 30• How did they look?
• Practical clothing (never carried two guns)
• Scruffy/no shaving, stinky • Did not own a horse
• Daily Activities• Hard work, long hour days• Paid to take care of cattle—
branding, rounding them up, and shipping them off to market
• Rarely made it to town (2X a year)
• Characteristics: • physical stamina, patience and
courage• riding and roping skills
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End of the Cattle Kingdom1. Boom/bust of cattle industry rise of
farmers2. Winter of 1885 & 18863. Invention of barbed wire4. More R.R. built out west
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• http://chnm.gmu.edu/7tah/unitdocs/unit13/lesson2/handout5.pdf
http://www.okhistory.org/historycenter/forms/tdcattledrives.pdf