How did Hitler turn the Chancellorship into a dictatorship by 1934?

ARISE ROBY

Treaty of Versailles Black Tuesday 1929- stock market crashes

Great Depressionduring 1930s

Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize

state control-For example: Communism,

Nazism, Fascism

Total Controlof State by a

DictatorARISE ROBY

January 1933

The depression after the Wall Street Crash made many more people vote for the Nazis. In 1933 Von Papen convinced Hindenburg that Hitler should become Chancellor.

ARISE ROBY

February 1933

ARISE ROBY

February 1933

The Reichstag building burnt down.

A communist was found inside the building. He admitted responsibility.

Chancellor Hitler was able to convince people that the Communists were trying to take power by terrorism.

He was able to have the Communists banned from the Reichstag.

ARISE ROBY

March 1933 HITLER CANRULE ALONEFOR FOUR

YEARS. THEREIS NO NEED TOCONSULT THEREICHSTAG.

With the Communists banned from the Reichstag Hitler was able to pass:

ARISE ROBY

THE ENABLING ACT GAVE HITLER THE POWER TO MAKE HIS OWN LAWS. SO, HE BANNED ALL OTHER POLITICAL PARTIES!

SPD- Social Democrats

KPD- Communists

DDP- German Democratic

Zentrum- German Centre Party (Catholic)

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

June 1934

Now I have got rid of opposition political groups, I can now deal with opposition in my party. Ernst Rohm (an old friend), head of the S.A. is very unpopular with the German army leaders. They have the power to overthrow me.I’ve been worried about Rohm for a while, so this is a good excuse.

ARISE ROBY

The Night of the Long Knives¨ Hitler had to get rid of Rohm. He

was too much of a threat.¨ On the night of 30th June 1934

Hitler’s S.S. killed over 1000 SA members including Rohm.

¨ The army were pleased. ¨ Hitler had gained the support of

the army.

ARISE ROBY

August 1934

A final note

PRESIDENT HINDENBURG’SDEATH GAVE HITLER THEOPPORTUNITY TO COMBINETHE ROLE OF CHANCELLORAND PRESIDENT. HE CALLEDHIMSELF ‘DER FUHRER’.

ARISE ROBY

Every soldier swore a personal oath of loyalty to ADOLF HITLER.

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

HITLERBECAMECHANCELLOR

THE REICHSTAGFIRE

THEENABLING

ACT

THE NIGHTOF THELONG

KNIVES

DEATH OFPRESIDENT

HINDENBURG

OATH OFLOYALTY

TOHITLER

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

• GESTAPO: the Secret State Police

• SS (Schutzstaffel): Defense Corps “black shirts”, an elite guard unit formed out of the SA

• SA (Sturmabteilung): Stormtroopers "brown-shirts" early private Nazi army that protected leaders and opposed rival political parties

• Lebensraum (living space): concept that emphasized need for territorial expansion of Germany into east

• Wehrmacht: German army

• HJ (Hitler Jugend): Hitler Youth

• Einstazgruppen: Nazi Death Squad; mobile killing units

• Volk: all inclusive concept of nation, people and race, implying the superiority of German culture and race; led to policy of Volksgemeinschaft (idea of a harmonized racial Nazi community in government policies and programs)

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY

This Nazi propaganda poster reads, ‘Behind the enemy powers: the Jew.

“The Eternal Jew”Depiction of a Jew holding gold coins in one hand and a whip in the other. Under his arm is a map of the world, with the imprint of the hammer and sickle. Posters like this promoted a sharp rise in anti-Semitic feelings, and in some cases violence against the Jewish community.ARISE ROBY

ARISE ROBY