r.i.p. steve jobs
DESCRIPTION
R.I.P. Steve Jobs. Hao Li Oct.7 th 2011. Social Defeat Paradigm. Long–Evans rats (325–350 g). Sprague–Dawley rats(250–275 g). V.S. Social Defeat Paradigm. Social Defeat Paradigm. 5 min fighting or until the submission Separated with wire mesh cage for 15 min 4 consecutive encounters - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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R.I.P. Steve Jobs
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Hao LiOct.7th 2011
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Social Defeat ParadigmSocial Defeat Paradigm
Long–Evans rats
(325–350 g)
Sprague–Dawley
rats(250–275 g)
V.S.
Social Defeat Paradigm
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Social Defeat ParadigmSocial Defeat Paradigm5 min fighting or until the
submissionSeparated with wire mesh cage
for 15 min4 consecutive encounters15 min between each encounters
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Depressive-like BehaviorsDepressive-like BehaviorsSucrose preference test----
AnhedoniaForced swim test---- Behavioral
DespairContextual fear test----MemorySocial approach and avoidance
test
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Sucrose preference testSucrose preference test2 bottles water for 5 days
Increasing concentrations of sucrose (0.25–1%) for 2 days per concentration
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Contextual fear testContextual fear test
• For the memory of traumatic event
• Putting the rats and an aggressor in the same cage for 5 min
• Measuring the freezing time
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Social approach and Social approach and avoidanceavoidance3 sections each for 5 minSection 1- free walks in the open
fieldSection 2- “no target” Section 3- “target”
Measuring the locomotion and investigating time
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Histone ModificationHistone ModificationHistone acetylation makes RNA
polymerase and transcription factors easier to access the promoter region.
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Histone ModificationHistone ModificationHistone H3Histone H4
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Histone ModificationHistone Modification• H3 Acetylation
Electroconvulsive Seizures
• H4 Acetylation
Upregulation of BDNF Transcription
Downregulation of c-fos Transcription
(Tsankova 2004)
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Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests
Sucrose Preference Test: Both defeated and control rats
similarly preferred increasing sucrose concentrations over water.
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Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests
Forced Swim Test:
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Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests
Social approach and avoidance test
Section 1 Section 2
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Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests
Section 3
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Behavioral TestsBehavioral Tests
Contextual fear test:
4 weeks 6 weeks
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Sucrose preference testForced swim testContextual fear testSocial approach and avoidance test
Depressive-like Behaviors
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Histone ModificationHistone ModificationNo significant changes in H3 acetylation in
amygdala and dorsal profrontal cortex
the ratio of histone H3 acetylation (H3hyp) to total histone H3 (TH3)
amygdala dorsal prefrontal cortex
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Histone ModificationHistone Modification
hippocampus
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No changes in H4 acetylation and H3 acetylation in the amygdala or dorsal prefrontal cortex
----Highly heterogeneous region----Lack of antibody specificity
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Histone ModificationHistone ModificationTwo potential pathways in histone
acetylation: N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDA-R) glucocorticoid receptor (GR)
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MK-801----increasing acetylationMifepristone----no significant
changes Former study
showed both of them
blocked the acetylation
Different changes to different stressors
(Chandramohan Y 2007)
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Thanks…