rif completion report

7/31/2019 RIF Completion Report

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Process Document &

Impact Assessment

Report

OVERVIEW OF THE PROCESS OF

INTERVENTION, STRATEGIES USED AND

THIER UNDER NABARD FUNDED PROJECT

UNDER RURAL INNOVATION FUND.

2009-11: JanMitram Kalyan Samiti


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PROCESS DOCUMENT & IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT- RIF PROJECT

2 | D e v e l o p m e n t o f I n n o v a t i v e R u r a l B u s i n e s s i n L a c S e c t o r

JanMitram Kalyan Samiti -2010

This document captures the process of implementation of action plan

by JanMitram Kalyan Samti

as a result of

NABARD funded Interventions (under rural Innovation fund)

Which was based on several phases spanning research, planning,

implementation and monitoring.

The interventions span a period of one and half year

years from January 2009 to July 2010.

This report provides an overview of the

process of intervention, strategies used and the impact of these strategies.

The Report is Prepared by JanMitram Kalyan Samiti, Raigarh CG

[email protected] www.janmitram.in


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CONTENT

Section -1 1-15

1.1 INTRODUCTION 51.2 DISTRICT PROFILE RAIGARH 7

1.2.1 Basic Details 71.2.2 Sustainable livelihood in the region 81.2.3 Lac cultivation in Raigarh 9

1.3 INTERVENING ORGANIZATION 121.4 NEED OF THE INTERVENTION IN THE DISTRICT 12

Section2: 16-31

Project Implementation Process 17

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES 17o Selection of Brood production Village 17o Selection and preparation of Host trees 17o Selection of tree owner /beneficiaries 18o Capacity Building of farmers 21o Inoculation of Contamination free Brood lac 26o Follow-up and field support Monitoring and

Quality assuranane for brood 26

o Credit Support 27o ESTABLISHMENT OF LABORATORY FACILITY 30o PROJECT MONITORING MECHANISM 31

Section 3 32-35

Outcome 33 IMPACT ANALYSIS 35 Withdrawal strategy 35


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Section -1

Introduction and Justification of Project


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INTRODUCTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The lac is a protective covering of an insect Kerea lecca commonly called as lac insect. In the most of lacgrowing areas farmers carry out the lac cultivation by own methods developed by themselves for

generation to generation. In spite of several problem faced by growers, they continue their profession

since long.

Indians are acquainted to lac since Vedic times. Athrvaveda has complete chapter on medicinal use of

lac. Lac resin and dye is still used in medicines. Beauty products cosmetics and chemicals industry

extensively uses lac.

To culture the lac insect on shoots of its host trees, on a large scale is called lac cultivation. Several

trees like Butia monosperma vern. Kusum, Zuzuphus vern. Ber are suitable host for lac insect. In India,

West Bengal, Bihar, MP, chhattisgarh, and Orissa are main producers of lac. It is due to rich forest flora

and abundance of host species in the forest. Ironically, the forest dwellers of these lac producing areas

are poorest.

In last few years, institutions like ICAR, many NGOs and Governments has taken interest in lac

promotion, thereby bringing additional income and well being status among poor tribes. Jan Mitram,


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The NGO partnering this project with NABARD, has done pioneer work in Chattisgarh. The organization

has awarded by Indian lac research institute Ranchi for its excellent contribution on lac promotion.

The organization has identified the bottlenecks hindering the scaling up of lac activities. They are

mainly - insufficient supply of brood, lack of awareness and skill for lac culture, lack of tree

management and lack of capital for infusing scientific technical inputs, lack of marketing and storage

facilities etc.

Raigarh district is one of the major potential lac producing District. It is a typical example where

hindering factors are pronounced and a vast potential is locked. The Rural Innovation fund Project had

strived to address the issues that hinder up scaling through strategically picked activities.

Major interventions are Creation of Brood Lac Orchard, Social mobilization, Training and Capacity

Building, Creation of Storage facility and entailing Market with growers. These activities will be

assisted with Credit linkage to lac growers.

The project was a joint effort of NABARD, JanMitram and bankers of the area. All these stakeholders

constituted a project monitoring and guidance committee to ensure the teamwork and fructification of

objective in a time bound manner.

The project have paved a way to improve socioeconomic and living conditions of tribes. Dissemination

of the scientific information and technique can unlock the potential of area and it slowly but surely

becoming a central hub of lac based business activities.


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1.2 DISTIRCT PROFILE RAIGARH:1.2.1 Basic DetailsThe district of Raigarh is situated at the eastern

border of Chhattisgarh. This district was formed by

merging the princely states of Raigarh, Sarangarh

Udaipur (Dharamjaigarh) Jashpur at present is a

separate district of Chhattisgarh. The district shares

its borders with the sate of Orissa in the East, the

districts of Jashpur and Sarguja in the North, Korba

and Janjgir in the West and Raipur and

Mahasamund in the South.

The district is situated between 2820N to2015N

latitude and between 8256E to 8445E longitude

within the Chhattisgarh State .This district is having

44% of its area under forest cover. At present

Raigarh is transform into Industrial hub of

Chhattisgarh. More than 70 iron and steel industries

put their legs in the city. The living style has been

changed due to heavy immigration. However thee rural areas remain the same.

The especially backward schedule tribes Birhor and Pahari-Korva live in Dharamjaigarh block. Their

population is very low with this Uraon, Kanwar, Gond, Binjwar, Khadiya and Nageshiya tribes are also

living here. The Chhattisgarhi dialect is mostly spoken in the district.

Total population in Raigarh District is 1265084 as per census of 2001, 18% in total population) falls

under category of ST while 35% is in Category of SC This way the district is dominated by SC / ST

people. Pahadi Korvas, Uraon, Birhor, and Kanvar are chief primitive tribal groups of the area.

Climate of It is characterized by hot dry summer and receives rainfall in the south-west monsoon

season. May is usually the hottest month with mean daily temperature of 43C. The average annual

rainfall is around 1250mm. About 85% of this is received in four monsoon months (June-September).

Relative humidity decreases greatly in the summer to as low as 25 per cent. Agricultural and forest

produce are the main source of Livelihood.


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Raigarh district falls in paddy belt of

chhattisgarh hence it is the main

agricultural crop of Kharif season. Farming

mainly depends upon natural showers as

mere 14.82% of total cultivated land is

irrigated. This is why the residents in the

district fall under low-income group,

especially in rural areas. Bamboo craft, lac

cultivation, Kosa-silk, bell metal etc. are also

source of livelihood of artisans in few

pockets of districts. Most of artisans are

traditionally associated, hence traditional

methods prevails.

In the district, 76% of the farming

community own only 34% of the land .The

medium and large holding farmers account

for only 9% of the total farmers but owned40% of the total land Thus the large no of

farm families depend on other sources of income, primarily wage earning to meet deficit.

1.2.2 Sustainable Livelihood in the region:

The key factors affecting livelihoods are degradation, poor management and low productivity of

natural resources, resulting in widespread rural poverty. Though tribal people, Among the poorest in

the district, possess land, lack of irrigation, lack of access to credit, age old farming technology, weak

or non-existent market linkages and low entrepreneurial abilities lead to sub-optimal use of available

land resources.

Historically, abundant forests have shielded and supplemented tribal peoples livelihoods and they

have not felt the need to vigorously develop alternate livelihoods. As forests have declined,

population has expanded, forest laws and policy have become more protection and conservation-

oriented and the forest department has begun implementing forest laws strictly, people are at a

crossroads in terms of livelihoods. The SCs own little land and traditionally depended on Jazmani

relationships with upper caste landowners, providing labour and services in lieu of food and shelter.


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With the breakdown of traditional relationships, they take out a precarious living through unskilled

wage labor and gathering of forest produce. Low and vulnerable incomes afford no savings and

entrapment in costly debt from moneylenders is a common phenomena.

The community also bears scars of centuries of social exclusion, isolating them from the mainstream

and sapping their self-confidence. Upper castes place obstacles in the event of any upward mobility by

SCs lest their dependence on the former be reduced. Forest products like kosa (tasar silk cocoon),

tendu leaves, etc. have scope for value addition. However, lack of institutional infrastructure, skills and

finances force the primary producers to dispose these commodities at throwaway prices.

1.2.3 LAC CULTIVATION IN RAIGARH DISTRICT

Raigarh district is one of the major lac producing belt /district of Chhattisgarh. Out of nine blocks 6

blocks, namely- Gharghoda, Lailunga, Tamnar, Kharsia, Raigarh and Dharamjaigarh, lac culture is fairly

common. These blocks have ideal conditions for lac culture. i.e.

Dominate forest cover having useful trees for lac production. Ideal temperature, humidity and other climatic conditions those are suits lac insect. Atmosphere and common knowledge of lac culture among tribes Identified as lac producing area for lac traders.


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Approximately 4000 families, in Raigarh district are involved in this activity and maintaining their day to

day life in their locality. A fairly large number of tribes have lac host trees ( Palas, Kusum and Ber ) on

their own land. These trees are located in farm contours or on Bhatha (unproductive) land. It can be

utilized for lac culture.

Approximately 1500 Quintals of lac was produces in the year 2007-08 . However only 8-10% of

available trees were the purpose. A Block-wise breakup of lac Production in Raigarh district is given in

table below.

Lac Production in Raigarh (Year 2007-08)

SN Block Production

(Quintals.)

Value No of Families

Involved1 Dharamjaigarh 340 31,23,000 1000

2 Gharghoda 320 28,80,000 600

3 Lailunga 260 21,42,000 800

4 Kharsia 210 15,32,000 600

5 Tamnar 250 21,05,500 600

6 Raigarh 170 12,25,000 400

1550

Production potential in Raigarh

Number of trees is an important point for diagnostic study of lac cluster, since potential for lacproduction depends upon matured trees that are mature enough to bear lac insects on shoots. Such


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host trees are Palash (ButeaMonsperma), Kusum( Shlicheriaoliesa), Ber ( Zuzuphus Sp.), that occur

abundantly in parts of district. The table below gives the glimpse of potential, lies in Raigarh district

for lac culture

Table 1(Private Lands)

Sn Block Approximate

No of Useful

trees in private

land Block wise

Trees Actually utilized

for Lac Production

Production potential (60%

capacity utilization)

Nos % Lac

Quintal)

Value (Rs)

1- Kharsia 8000 2200 28 1200 48000002- Raigarh 10000 3000 30 1500 60000003- Gharghoda 10000 2500 25 1500 135000004- Lailunga 8000 3000 38 1200 108000005- Dharamjaigarh 14000 6000 43 2100 189000006- Tamnar 7000 3500 50 1050 68250007- 57000 20200 35 8550 60825000

Tqble 2

(Forest lands)

Sn Block Approximate No

of Useful trees in

forestland Block

wise

Available Trees

utilized for Lac

Production

Production potential (30%

capacity utilization)

Nos % Lac Quintal Value (Rs)

1 Kharsia 20000 0 0 1500 60000002 Raigarh 25000 0 0 1875 7500000

3 Gharghoda 25000 0 0 1875 16875000

4 Lailunga 20000 0 0 1500 13500000

5 Dhgarh 35000 0 0 2625 23625000

6 Tamnar 20000 0 0 1500 9750000

Total 145000 0 0 10875 77250000

Table 3

Total Estimated Potential

Sn Type of

Land

Approximate No of

Useful trees

Available Trees

utilized for LacProduction

Production potential

Nos % Lac Quintal Value (Rs)

1 Forestlands 145000 0 0 10875 77250000

2 Private lands 57000 20200 35 8550 60825000

Total 202000 20200 18 19425 138075000

The data shows the potentiality of about 20000 Quintals of lac can be produced in Raigarh district. But

present production is only 1500 Quintals. It is evident that there is a huge gap between present

production and production potential.


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1.3 INTERVENING ORGANIZATION

Jan Mitram Kalyan Samiti , a Society of Social Works and development professionals, is working for

livelihood enhancement in tribe hinterland of northern Chhattisgarh for last 9 years. It has been

supporting a number of rural enterprises that thrive on rich natural resources in these areas.

These areas have the potential to grow up as NTFP cluster, where lac culture and processing is most

promising option. Their lies a tremendous potential for huge returns, thereby strengthening the

financial position of tribal farmers.

In the year 2003 JanMitram Kalyan Samiti pioneered the promotion of lac production project with the

help of forest department. In this project the organization has selected 10 SHGs of Gharghoda Block

and 7 SHGs of Kharsia Block. These SHGs were formed under SHPI programme of NABARD. Goal of this

intervention was to increase the quality and quantity of lac produce in these clusters. Within two years

, the results were visible as the lac production is increased and quality grade improved.

1.4 NEED OF THE INTERVENTION IN THE DISTRICT

Encouraged by this experience, and gained & expertise, the organization perused a comprehensive

progrmamme of lac production with GOI-MoRD and Government of Chattisgarh. The aim of this

project was to maximize the lac production in the district at a mass scales and thereby improving living

status of SHG members involved in the project. At that time, organization in itself realized that still

there is huge shortage of contamination free brood lac for further stepping up production. Growers

were dependent on neighboring state for the fresh brood in massive rate. And 35-45% of their income

went to seed (Broodlac) suppliers. Some other factors were also observed, that come in this report

later. These factors made organization to find out solutions and the concept of broodlac business in

the district arise.


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Prime Constraints in scaling up lac production are:

1. Insufficient supply of brood-lac:The major activity in the lac production process is to inoculate brood lac in host trees. Harvesting

and its further expansion depending on the graded and quality of brood in the area. As per the

requirement there is need of 5000 quintal lac for the production of 20000 quintal of brood in the

district. Required High quality Brood-lac is not available. Most the brood comes from Ranchi and

other parts of Jharkhand.

The major drawback in the supply of brood from other state is extensive time span of

transportation of brood from one place to another place because as per the scientific cultivationthe lac insect are alive within 72 hours so there is need to inoculate within the speculated time

span from harvesting to inoculation process . It is therefore, its very challenging to bring them at

right time from that far and inoculating it on host trees with proper care.

2. No quality assurance over broodlac:Since fifteen years brood is supplied to the farmers from different parts of the state as well as

neighboring states. No such techniques and technologies are developed for quality grading of

brood lac. So day by day production quantity

and its grades are declining and that is

affecting the farmers to multiply their

production. It is necessary to identify the

contaminated free brood before inoculating

in the farmers level. In Raigarh as well as in

neighboring district there were no such

testing facilities to define the emergence of


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lac insect and its forecasting. There is the major drawback to develop brood orchard in the project

area.

3. No processing facility:At the time of project initiation, there was no any processing facility in Raigarh district.Therefore processing is not done at any level. Scrapped lac is sold to Kochiya who collect

produce from villagers and collected bulk is sold to factories. Needless to say the prices are

never remunerative.

At the time of peak production, kochiyas offer low price. The situation prevails only for few

days then the prices rise steadily. But farmers cannot store scrapped lac because it makes

clumps with time.

If scrapped lac gets converted in chouri, lac, this could be kept for comparatively long period.

chouri making is done through processing. but its knowhow, infrastructure and practice among

people is nowhere to be seen January 2009.

4. Insufficiency of capital:The families/the farmers those who are involved in lac cultivation are generally poor and

belong to tribal communities, So they have no such techniques for using the modern tools for

the activities. For the modern tech there is need some investment which is not affordable for

such community in the project areas. To avoid such investment they are not ready to choose

the modern tech. The marketing of these products is also added responsibility in these

processes. bank credit or self generated funds to pump in this activity is not available. if one

goes to scale up the activity, credit facility was needed to infused in traditional system,


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5. Inadequate technical information:Though Jan-Mitram has developed many community trainers, they cannot fulfill the

requirement of sound technical advisers. Some lab facility to analyze insect growth time to

time is also needed because this plays a crucial role to minimize risk. Sadly, not a single facility

of its kind exists in the district. In case of pathogenic attack or other emergency, growers do

not find any person or institute to report and fetch appropriate solution.

6. Lack of modern tech of lac cultivation:Though there is awareness among lac growers on lac production and cultivation still they are

following the traditional method of production and the tool kits. They dont have the proper

pruning kit, sprayers, gator and other related material required in brood production .Brood

supply container is a part of modern tech of lac cultivation. Grading and testing of brood isalso essential tool for modern tech of the cultivation.

On the basis of above observation organization reached out to NABARD with concept

derived over the logical framework given below

Constraint Solutions Strategy/ActivitiesInsufficient supply of

brood-lac:

Creation of Broodlac

Orchards

Creating awareness on moderntech of brood production in the

project area.

No quality assurance

over broodlac:

Creation of testing and

certification facility

Establishment of a laboratoryin for scientific testing

No processing facility: Creation of Low cost

Processing-storage-

marketing-facility

Establishing processing unit

Insufficiency of capital: Credit support Credit linkage of Lac growerseither in group or individually

Developing model bankableprojects based on lac

business

Orientation of BankersInadequate technicalinformation:

Informationdissemination among

community

OrientationProviding literature

Lack of modern tech of

lac cultivation:

Capacity building of

community

Technical TrainingExposure visit

Regional office of NABARD at Raipur, agreed to organizations proposal to support under RIF

(rural innovation fund) is to remove these bottlenecks.


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Section 2

Project Implementation Process


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Section 2

Project Implementation Process

2.1 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES

The main focus of the project was to promote and encourage farmers for producing brood

orchards for the self sufficiency of brood lac in the district. This innovative technique was

developed through farmers by farming cluster level. Direct support to the farmers and support

given by the banks was the added responsibility to make the project innovative and self sustained.

There are majors activities which were taken in the project mentioned below:-

1. Selection of Brood production Village :-Broodlac production is possible in those areas where tree are abundantly available in a compact

area. Also the average no of tree per beneficiary should be not less than 50 in case of Ber and 8 in

the case of Kusum. However more the trees are owned by one farmer, probability of endeavors

success increases. We selected two villages which does have both kinds of species. Because the

brood could alternate in successive season in those two species i.e. over Kusum tree in summers

and ber in rainy season.

In both the villages lac was the primary activity and farmers have some ideas in the cultivation

process. In the entire sphere all the villages were suitable for brood lac orchard as per the project

innovation in Raigarh.

2. Selection and preparation of Host trees:-

As we found Based on these requirements, Bahama and madia-kachhar villages of lailunga block

most suitable for the project. Project implementation team has categorically selected 700 suitable


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Ber trees at Bahama viallge and 150 Kusum trees for July season brood lac production in

madiakachhar village. In same manner the organization selected 140 Kusum trees for December

season at madiakchhar village.

The host trees selected for this project were properly pruned and ready for further inoculation. All

the pruning activity were done by the farmers itself in their own contribution. Season wise list of

the trees are given below:-

Particular Bahama Madiakachar Total

Ber Kusum Ber Kusum

Total tree 700 - - 290 990

Pruned tree 700 - - 290 990

Brood inoculation in July season 700 - - 150 850

Brood inoculation in January - - - 140 140

3. Selection of tree owner /beneficiaries:-

Selection of the beneficiaries was made with consultation of panchyat and elders of the villagers. The

beneficiary group comprised youth and enthusiastic farmers having adequate no of tree in their own

land. A total sum of 26 farmers selected in BAHAMA village and 45 from Madiakachhar. List of these

farmers follows.


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SN Name of Farmers Village Panchayat Total Noof Trees

1 Balak Ram Rathia Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 16

2 Bhukdev Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 20

3 Bisambar Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 124 Chaitram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

5 Chakradhar Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 12

6 Chandan Singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 3

7 Chhatar ram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 4

8 Dayaram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 7

9 Dev Singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 4

10 Devnath Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 6

11 Enad Ram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 13

12 Ghasia ram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 3

13 Hariram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 5

14 Jegeshwar singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

15 Karam Singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 10

16 Kartikram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 37

17 Lakhi Ram Rathia Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

18 LalSai Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 25

19 Laxmi Ram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 5

20 Madan singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

21 Mahettar Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 14

22 Mehar singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 11

23 Munna ram Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 7

24 PanchRam Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

25 Ramprashad Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 15

26 Sahini Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 16

27 Sanatram 1 Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 5

28 Sukh singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 4

29 Uddhav Prasad Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 8

30 Ujyar singh Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 13

31 Vidasi Madia Kchhar Madia Kchhar 20

Madia Kchhar

Total 370

32 Bharat Lal Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 60

33 Chamar singh Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 10

34 Dharma Ram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 9

35 Gandaram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 13

36 Ghasia ram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 7


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37 Ghasiram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 7

38 Gopi ram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 10

39 Jagsingh Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 15

40 Janak singh Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 12

41 Kashi ram Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 12

42 Premsingh Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 5

43 Shiv Prasad Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 6

44 Suk Singh Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 15

45 Sunder Sai Ganj pur Madia Kchhar 6

Ganj pur Total 187

46 Aghan Sai Nag Bahama Bahama 30

47 Bhola Nag Bahama Bahama 35

48 Birbal Chouhan Bahama Bahama 65

49 Dadu ram Patel Bahama Bahama 35

50 Dhansingh Bahama Bahama 55

51 Gautam ram Bahama Bahama 45

52 Iswar singh Bahama Bahama 35

53 Jai prakash Bek Bahama Bahama 61

54 Jai Prakash Pradan Bahama Bahama 60

55 Loharsai Nag Bahama Bahama 40

56 Manohar Patel Bahama Bahama 45

57 Motiram Patel Bahama Bahama 65

58 Naihar say Bahama Bahama 61

59 Narsingh Nag Bahama Bahama 280

60 Nohar say Bahama Bahama 80

61 Praven Pradhan Bahama Bahama 55

62 Ramkumar Bahama Bahama 53

63 Ramlal nag Bahama Bahama 25

64 Ramprasad Nag Bahama Bahama 130

65 Ramsingh Nag Bahama Bahama 50

66 Ratnakar pradhan Bahama Bahama 55

67 Sadan Nag Bahama Bahama 80

68 Salmon Lakda Bahama Bahama 45

69 Satish Pradhan Bahama Bahama 25

70 Shital Chouhan Bahama Bahama 120

71 Sudarsan Pradhan Bahama Bahama 27

Bahama Total 1657

Grand Total 2214


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4. Capacity Building of farmers:

To meet out the constraints regarding unawareness, Non adoption of knowledge and traditional

practice, several capacity building measures were taken into account. Capacity building efforts weremultifaceted and training was conducted in two parts.

A. Orientation trainings:The first part included basic orientation and environment building activities. Full day

orientation camps were organized in both of the project villages, in the month of April 2009.

It was first quarter of project and camp was organized to build cohesive groups of farmers to

share and support each others resources. It brought about an understanding among farmers

that they need to use their in a sustainable manner and use segmentation method form

utilizing them.

The segmentation method allows a tree to rest for one or two years before undergoing lac

culture. a person which have more than 10 trees can split in 5 set of trees and alternate the

production process on these set of trees. This method allows them to reduce the drudgery

while keeping the returns intact.

Growers also surprised to know that returns from a single kusum tree can provide returns

more than an acre of paddy field. In case of ber tree, a single tree proved ber fruit not worth

then 100 to 200 Rs per annum. While broodlac production can earn 1000-2000 per annum.

People having 40-50 Ber plants in fencing of land, suddenly realized the potential of the

activity suggested to them.

Orientation trainings created interest among farmers and paved the way for cooperation and

curiosity for further stages of project implementation activities.


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B. Technical trainings:Two day camps for beneficiaries were organized in the both villages for dissemination of

scientific knowledge and practical trainings.

In the first day, the trainers told beneficiaries about the inculcation method, preservation

of broodlac, use of protecting net, use of insecticides and pesticides etc. they were further

told the techniques of forecasting the lac insects particular life stages and how to boost

up resin secretion. They were told the importance of pruning, amount of insect

inoculation per meter of shoot etc.

On the second day, they were led to field and they themselves tried to do the thing asprescribed previous day training. Organizational trainers observed their activities and

performance and corrected their methods, whenever needed. The second half of second

day was in house session that was devoted to fulfill famers quarries.

During the training we have invited Agriculture Development officer and Bank official

and other local departmental staff to give reliable information financial support,

insurances and risk coverage etc. The training was successful in infusing the correct


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cultivation methods in habit of growers as evident later with almost nil rate of non

adoption.

C. IEC ACTIVITY:-Information Education and Communication tools were used for awareness and orientation. The

organization published book and other IEC material to for the purpose

The book named LAKH UTPADAN ME NAVONMESHI VYVSAAY (Innovative business in lac

Sector) was published to provide information on modern scientific techniques of lac

cultivation, host plant and its management, inoculation of broodlac and its conservation. The

book was published in Q and A format taking account of 101 frequently asked questions by

farmers and growers.

It was distributed among all beneficiaries and also among farmers and growers of neighboring

villages who taken interest in lac business. The publication was also given to all stakeholder of

project implementation including bankers.

Posters were also published that provide information about cultivation practice on different

host species and pictorial reminders of important cultural practices for scientific broodlac

production. One pamphlet tilted Lakh ki Kheti- Kab Kyo Kaise ( Lac Cultivation- When, Why,

How) was published to avail growers a pocket handbook of all important steps for healthy and

high quality boodlac production.


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All the literature has been distributed to the 71 lac beneficiaries , peoples representatives ,

15 lac sangbari , 3 ADOs , 10 bankers , 6 training staffs , NABARD official and all the

department staffs related in the project .

Video shows were also conducted several times

in project villages. That provided visual

information about best practices prevailing in

other parts of India and scientific innovations

made by research organizations. Movies also help

people to understand the nature of business, its

value chain products and market linkages.

This publication created a mass awareness on lac cultivation in project village.

[

D. Exposure Visit cum study tour :The farmers of Madiakachhar and Bahama visited 7 days exposure cum Study tour from Dt

24.04.09 to 30.04.09 to Indian Lac Research Institute, Ranchi to get some valuable information

on modern techniques of lac cultivation. Eminent experts and professor of ILRI took session

with the farmers and expose all their field sites. The farmers gather knowledge on various

methods and harvesting of brood lac.

Name of Trainee Farmers Village Panchayat

Balak Ram Rathia Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Bhukdev Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Chhatar ram Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar


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Dayaram Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Jegeshwar singh Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Karam Singh Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Kartikram Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Lakhi Ram Rathia Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

LalSai Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Laxmi Ram Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Sukh singh Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Uddhav Prasad Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Ujyar singh Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Vidasi Madia Kachhar Madia Kachhar

Bharat Lal Ganj pur Madia Kachhar

Chamar singh Ganj pur Madia Kachhar

Dharma Ram Ganj pur Madia Kachhar

Naihar say Bahama Bahama

Narsingh Nag Bahama Bahama

Nohar say Bahama Bahama

Praven Pradhan Bahama Bahama

Ramkumar Bahama Bahama

Sadan Nag Bahama Bahama

Salmon Lakda Bahama Bahama

Satish Pradhan Bahama Bahama

Internal exposure visit were also organized. and date wise details are hereunder

Date Place of Visit No of farmers Purpose of Visit

22.03.09 Baham Village 27 Prunning of ber tree

28.04 2009 Chaparrpani/ Mukdega 12 Lac production in SHG level

14.07 . 09 RISA Visit 15 Brood lac distribution and

tech of Brood supply

27.09.09 Sardhap and pelma 8 Lac proceesing and further

processing

01 .02.2010 Visit to lailunga 14 Credit linkage work shop

organized by CGB,Lailunga

& Janmitram

06.03.10 Bahama & Madia

kachhar

17 Pruning in Ber and Kusum

tree


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5. Inoculation of Contamination free Brood lac :-In the project duration there was need to distribute contamination free brood lac in two

seasons viz. namely July and January. In July season we have selected Bahama village and

inoculate brood-lac in Ber plants which was favorable host in rainy season. We have also

selected Kusum trees having thin branches in Madiakachar for July season. The brood which

was inoculated in Ber/Kusum plants was certified as contamination free by ILRI, Ranchi.

The total quantity 15 quintal of brood was inoculated in 700 prunned ber trees in Bahama and

14 quintal of brood was inculcated in Kusum trees in Madiakachar.

In the same manner 140 prunned Kusum tree selected for further inoculation in December-

January season. The reason to select Kusum tree in that season because of broad leaves and

dense branches helps lac insects to survive in summer season. During inoculation we used the

scientific methods and techniques of brood production. Protecting net and other inputs were

used in the time of brood inoculation to get contamination free brood lac in next season.

SN Time of inoculation Name of Village NOs of Trees Quantity of Brood (Q)

1 July to December 09 Bahama 700 15.00

Madiakachar 150 14.00

2 December to July 10 Bahama 0 0.00

Madiakachar 140 29.05

Total 58.05

6. Follow-up and field support Monitoring and quality assurance for brood :

In the post inoculation stage the whole production process and insect settlement was

monitored by organization .Master trainers visited the project villages and gave their

suggestion for proper growth of the lac insects. The organization ensured proper use of


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insecticides and pesticides, protecting nets and other relevant practices for to ensure good

quality broodlac production.

Time to time the process was monitored by NABARD Officials. During the project period the

local bankers (CGB, Lailunga and Rajpur) also visited in the project village of Madiakachhar

and Ganjpur.

7. Credit Support

Credit support is crucial for scaling up the activity. Since, bankers of the local area were not aware

about lac cultivation and its business potential, no financing for lac activity is done by bankers.

During the project, the implementing organization tried to convince bankers. at this point of time, it

was realized that there is no established guidelines or Model bankable projects to guide bankers to

determined the amount of credit, or to evaluated the credit worthiness of a particular applicant in

regard to his lac related resources.


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So there was a need to formulate a model bankable project and to get it approved by District level

bankers coordination committee. JanMitram Prepared four model bankable project, each for

Different host species.

A- Model bankable project for lac culvivation on Kusum TreesB- Model bankable project for lac culvivation on Palash TreesC- Model bankable project for lac culvivation on Samialata PlantsD- Model bankable project for lac culvivation on Ber Trees

We perused the model bankable projects with DLCC and the lead bank manager. With active

support of DDM-NABARD, approval of bankers committee was achived which paved the way

for credit support to lac growers.

We also organized bankers orientation workshop to get field officers and branch managers

understand the lac cultivation and how to evaluate bankability of a particular project. We tell

them about cash inflow and outflow mechanism in lac business that is needed to determine

the loan term and designing repayment schedule.


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Each beneficiary in the project and prepared the actual cost required in the total process. 35

number of KCC provided through the local banks. The organization prepares the project in the

farmers level. All the KCC holders /RIFs beneficiaries got the brief training by the organization

in the presence of the local bankers and NABARD representatives. The KCC was distributed in

the Kisan melas in the presence of the Local MLA and other peoples representatives of the

Lailunga block on date 17th

November 2009.

Credit Sanctioned to the farmers and Sanction amount are mentioned below

SL NO Name of farmers Village Amount

1 Narsingh Nag Bahama 25000

2 Dhansingh Nag Bahama 25000

3 Ratnakar Pradhan Bahama 25000

4 Tareswar Pradhan Bahama 25000

5 Moti Patel Bahama 25000

6 Manohar Patel Bahama 25000

7 Salman Lakra Bahama 25000

8 Anil Lakra Bahama 25000

9 Sital Chouhan Bahama 25000

10 Sanath ChouhanBahama 25000

11 Satrughan Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

12 Ramprasad Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

13 Mayaram Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

14 Manbodh Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

15 Sankar Singh Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

16 Voidya dhar Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

17 Lal Say Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

18 Shravan Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

19 Vidya ram Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

20 Sahaniram Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

21 Karam Singh Rathia Madiakachhar 20000

22 Gendaram Madiakachhar 20000

23 Sahebram Madiakachhar 20000

24 Gopiram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

25 Ganaray Rathia Ganjpur 20000


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8. ESTABLISHMENT OF LABORATORY FACILITY:-

As it is said earlier, techniques and technologies are developed for quality grading of brood lac. It

is necessary to identify the contaminated free brood before inoculating in the farmers level.

Again, when a local farmer produces broodlac; testing and certification of such brood provide high

prices. We therefore have established a laboratory under RIF project that provides many facilities.

The basic testing which are taking care are

1. Prediction of brood harvesting .2. Time of inoculation3. Identification of enemy kit4. Status of lac insect and their life cycle5. Time line of pest management

The lac growers of the entire district get benefited in laboratory established in Baihamuda,

Gharghoda. They come to the laboratory and got report of various testing from lab technician. The

testing laboratory was inaugurated by Mr. Mahesh Pahadsingh, DDM NABARD on 3oth oct 2009.

26 Kansiram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

27 Laxmiram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

28 Sonaram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

29 Jogiram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

30 Ghansiram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

31 Bharatlal Sidar Ganjpur 20000

32 Jagsingh Rathia Ganjpur 20000

33 Dharma Rathia Ganjpur 20000

34 Janakram Rathia Ganjpur 20000

35 Bharatlal Rathia Ganjpur 20000


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We have specialized technical experts in the organization level Mr Pradeep Dandsena and Vinod

Vaisnav, Previously got training from ILRI Ranchi. They have got 2 months special training on

prediction of brood lac , harvesting, Testing of Lac insects and their life cycle during the training

phase in Ranchi .In the laboratory the two experts are working under the Guidance of Dr. Mukesh

Giri Goswami ,Janmitram .

9. PROJECT MONITORING MECHANISM

All the stakeholder of the project constituted a Project monitoring and guidance committee, that sit

quarterly to moniter the progress. It was headed by DDM NABARD Mr, Mahesh Pahadsing and

members were Brnach managers of all commercial banks in Lailunga block, where the project wasimplemented.

Time to time, these offices visited the project villages and discussed issues with beneficiaries and

motivated them.

---------------


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Section 3

Outcome and Achievements:-


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Section- 3

A. OutcomeThere was an inbuilt mechanism in project for outcome based monitoring. The outcome of

each activity is given hereunder.

SN Objectives Activity Achievements

1 To make

Raigarh

district self

sufficient in

brood

production

Selection of

villages where

abundant host

trees are

available

Two model villages selected for the purpose

and all the project activities done in time

bound manner. Demonstrative effect of this

village has encouraged other farmers to take

up the same activity.

Over 200 farmers in HaldhiJharia, Bastipali,

Sardap, Kapu, Bhalmudi, Jarkat villages have

taken up brood production. This is animportant stept towards self sufficiency of

district in brood production.

Selection of tree

owners for

development of

brood orchards

71 farmers are seleced in Madia kachhar

and Bahama village for development of

brood orchard. Demonstratve effect have

prompted 200 more farmers to take this

activity and they are doing same over 1000

kusum trees

Training and

capacity building

of selected

beneficiaries.

Training and capacity building have raised

the quality of brood. No contamination of

loss of harvest due to enemy inscets

reported in these areas.

Providing

contamination

free/certified

brood (and other

subsidiary inputs)

for first

inoculation.

58 quintals contamination free brood lac was

distributed in two phases in July -09 29

quintal was distributed in Bahma and Madia

kacchar .29 Quintal in Dec 09 in

Madiakachhar and Ganjpur .

( insecticide, bavistin, protecting net and

gatore pump provided to beneficiaries at

the time of inoculation).

Aftercare and

monitoring to

ensure quality lac

production.

Frequent visit were done by the expert of

ILRI, Ranchi, from NABARD and

organizational level. They advised to farmers

for proper take care of lac cultivation.

Harvesting and

grading of

product.

The right time of harvesting were also

ensured by the testing of brood lac in

laboratory established in Baihamuda village

of Gharghoda block.


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Best quality lac to

be sold to other

farmers and

SHGs as brood.

Quantities of brood lac sold by the farmers

are mentioned in RISA card.

2 Facilitationof credit for

lac growers,

either in

groups or

individual

Bankersorientation

Workshop

Preparingmodel

bankable

projects for

each host

species/proces

sing activity.

Species wise model bankable projects wereprepared and submitted for approval

Getting approval on it with LDM & DLCC.

Facilitating

financing of lac

growers/entrepr

eneurs

(individual or

group based)

Constituted a Kisan club in Madiakachar

village and 35 KCC were prepared in both

villages

Increased credit

flow in lac sector

through direct

financing orsubsidy based

scheme of

government.

3 Establishing

a small lab

facility for

examination

of lac

inocula.

Establishment of

lab facility for

examination of lac

inocula by the

implementing

organization.

Lab established in Baihamuda village of

Gharghoda providing required facilities to all

the farmers of the district. .


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IMPACT ANALYSIS1. Lac growers in the project villages are self involved in brood lac production in their own

investment. They are continuing the activity even after completion of project. The

demonstrative effect of there efforts have encouraged other farmers of neighboring

villages and also to the other parts of district to take the brood production activity.

2. They are linked with the local banker to multiply their production by huge investment .3. Preparation of model bankable project have helped not only the project beneficiaries but

to all lac growers of the district.

4. Farmers got the techniques of producing brood orchard and it has created master trainersinside the community.

5. They are able to forecast their requirement of the seasonal investment, which is requiredfor any entrepreneur to make its endeavor a success.

6. The project village will be recognized as brood lac orchard and the farmers from outsiecontacting for best brood

7. Supply of Brood as well as scrap has increased that has created a positive impact tolivelihood of the farmers living in the village

8. Lab establishment have provided a place for testing and certification and also for othertechnical advice regarding lac cultivation, open for all farmers of entire district.

WITHDRAWL STRATEGY :1. For marketing arrangement of the brood, Implementing agency have provided a

marketing support with Involvement with JMCL. The JMCL company provides buy

back guarantee to all farmers and brood is taken from their doorstep. Transportation

and all the expenses is beard by the purchasing party.

2. All the farmers have given the membership of Raigarh integrated shellac association,With is a section 25 company formed by janmitram , for self sustain development of

lac business in the district. This association supports all lac growers regarding

technical inputs and other financial non financial support.

3. Two Kisan Clubs, one each in Bahama and Madikachhhar village is constituted tofacilitate the group loaning and self managing business activities.

*********

rif completion report

Documents