Rhetorical Analysis Review

• Elements

• Appeals

• Devices

Definition:

The art of speaking, writing and communicating

effectively.

Purpose:

Rhetoric is a tool writers and speakers use in order to

influence the judgment or feelings of the readers and

listeners.

Rhetoric

Review of Rhetorical Elements

Rhetorical Appeals - Let’s Review

• http://www.shmoop.com/video/ethos-pathos-logos

Video link

Using the appeals to persuade

It all fits together – and overlaps!

Speaker/

Ethos

Audience/

Pathos Subject/

Logos

Purpose

Occasion/

context

What is the medium/genre the text is written in?• Speech?• Essay?• Letter?• Book – fiction/nonfiction?• Web?• Ad?

Publisher / Sponsor?Date of publication?Reputable? Credible?

Add the “G” - Genre

• Attitude of the speaker/author

• Helps to determine what the author means

• Methods the speaker might useDiction (choice of words)Syntax (sentence construction)Imagery

Metaphors

Similes

Figurative language

Add the “T” – Tone / Rhetorical Devices

•Allusion

•Connotation/denotation

•Diction

•Hyperbole

•Imagery

•Irony

•Metaphor

•Simile

•Symbolism

•Syntax

These are the devices you will be expected to know and be able to identify for this unit:

Your E12 TOOLBOX of rhetorical devices!

Ex: “…yourselves from those narrow prejudices

which you have imbibed with respect to them and as

Job proposed to his friends, ‘put yourself in their

souls stead,’…”

Job- who suffers a great deal but remains faithful; from an OT character whose

faith in God was tested by Satan; though he lost his family and belongings, he

remained patient and faithful

Literary, historical, religious, or mythological

REFERENCE to something well-known by many.

Allusion

IMPLIED,

underlying

meaning of a

word

DICTIONARY

DEFINITION

of a word

Connotation Denotation

WORD CHOICE

High level, low level,

emotional, vehement, etc.

Diction

EXTREME EXAGGERATION

Look, there’s an

allusion too!

Hyperbole

SENSORY DETAIL to evoke feeling or emotion

or to describe; the 5 senses

Ex: “Her cheeks were rosy and so was

my love – bursting with fragrance and

softness.”

Imagery

AN IMPLIED DIFFERENCE

VERBAL: Difference between what is said and what is meant

SITUATIONAL: Difference between what you are led to expect and what actually happens

DRAMATIC: Difference between what one character knows and what the audience knows (We know something the character does not know.)

Clarification: If I say, “Gee, I really wish it would snow,” and it starts snowing immediately, that is apropos (too perfect). It is NOT ironic. (There is no DIFFERENCE between what I wanted and what happened.)

Irony

Direct: A sea of troubles OR

Indirect: His depression was vast, swelled by troubles that perpetually crested and fell.

Comparison without using LIKE or AS

Metaphor

He is as pretty as your mom.

Simile comparison using LIKE or AS

Ex: Golden Archesrepresent McDonald’s

Symbolism person, place, or thing that REPRESENTS something

Sentences can be short and choppy or long and flowing. Pay close attention to the punctuation.

Syntax The way words and sentences are arranged

Lou Gehrig’s “Farewell Speech”

Putting it all into ACTION -

Background Information

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkRSSMBJBkg

The Speech – listen to the version(s)

Re-enactment of the Speech The

Pride of the Yankees - 1939

• https://www.youtube.com/wat

ch?v=pYyUWn224AE

Analyze the speech as directed by your teacher

(individual/partner/group)