rhetoric study guide - junior year

8/13/2019 Rhetoric Study Guide - Junior Year

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1. Define active reading and identify its two parts:a. Active reading: Reading for thorough understanding.

i. Asking questionsii. Marking the book

2. Identify and describe the three levels of reading:a. Inspectional Reading: Reading to map out the book and know whether or not to

read it. Use to see if you want to read a book.

i. Whats it about?ii.

What is being said in detail and how?

iii. Is it true?iv. What of it?

b. Analytical Reading: Reading to fully digest the material. Research, followingarguments in a book, nating notes fro an oral exam

i. Whats it about?ii. How is it organized?

iii. What problems is it trying to solve?iv. Key termsv. Key propositions

vi. Key argumentsvii. Solutions

viii. Evaluate: is it true?c. Syntopical Reading: Using when you need to compare/contrast authors perhaps

on an oral exam. Reading for comparison by 1). Find relevant passage 2). Bring


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authors to terms 3). Clarify questions 4). Define the issues 5). Analyze the

discussion

3. Explain the proper purpose of education from The Lost Tools of Learning(Sayers) andWhat is Basic About English?(Adler)

a. Sayers: To teach men to think/learn for themselves.b. Adler: To teach men to think/learn for themselves.

4. Define the following terms (Sayers, Adler):a. Trivium:

i.

Sayers thinks it can be tied to developmental stages leading to

specialization

ii. Adler: Sees components of it at any level.iii. Preliminary discipline; grammar, dialectic, rhetoric. Taught at repective

ages

b. Liberal Arts:i. Sayers: Grammar, logic, rhetoric preparatory to further specialization

ii. Adler: Grammar logic, rhetoric taught all at oncec. Grammar: the mastery of a language and ability to organize it in a way thtat

makes sense.

d. Logic: the ability to understand grammar in such a way to refute falsehoods,articulate truths, and be able to distinguish the two.

e. Rhetoric: The combination of grammar and logic- being able to express languageand thought clearly, or understanding expressed language and thought.


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5. Describe the three levels of child development and line them up with the Trivium(Sayers)

a. Poll Parrot: love of learning and accumulation of knowledge- copy information,Grammar

b. Pert: correction or contradiction to what is being taught- asking why, Logicc. Poetic: independency in thought and action, the student becomes creative and

selective, Rhetoric

6. Compare/contrast Sayers and Adlers understanding of the Triviuma.

Sayers: Trivium should be taught in its respective stages

b. Adler: Trivium should be taught all at once.7. Discuss Platos Gorgias; specifically, state Gorgias definition of rhetoric and explain the

problems that Socrates had with Gorgias understanding.

a. Rhetoric: Persuasion in courts of law or other assemblies, concerning the just andunjust, creating belief, without knowledge

b. Problems: Rhetoric concerns more than justice/injustice. Justice cannot be taught.8. Explain how Aristotles approach to Rhetoric in chapter one avoids the problems of

Gorgias

a. Doesnt limit the use of rhetoric to those without knowledge.b. Classifies it as an art, because it can be practiced, taught, and deals with true

knowledge.

9. Recite Aristotles definition of rhetoric, word for word.a. Rhetoric: The faculty of observing in any given case the available means of

persuasion.


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10.Identify the three artistic modes of persuasiona. Ethos-how the audience feels about you; appeal to speakerscharacterb. Logos-your arguments; appeal to lawc. Pathos-how you make the audience feel; their emotional response to your words;

appeal to emotion

11.Distinguish between example and enthymeme and discuss their usea. Example: an induction; not definitive. Every crow Ive ever seen is blackb. Enthymeme: a deduction; like a simplified syllogism in logic. All crows are black,

that bird is black, that bird is a crow.

12.Identify the three divisions of rhetoric, identifying the listener, time, aim, and purpose foreach

a. Politicali. Assembly

ii. Persuade/Dissuadeiii. Expediency/Harm

b. Forensici. Jurymen

ii. Defend/Attackiii. Justice/Injustice

c. Ceremoniali. Observer

ii. Praise/Blameiii. Honor/Dishonor


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13.Identify the five subjects of Political Oratorya. Ways and Meansb. Legislationc. War and Peaced. National Defensee. Imports and Exports

14.Define happiness and the good in an Aristotelian way, giving examples; distinguishbetween things admittedly good and things the goodness of which is disputed

a.

Happiness: Full enjoyment of the maxiumum of pleasure/ independence of life

b. Good: Good for its own sake; admittedly goodc. Admittedly good: All people agree that they are good.d. Disputed good: Not all people think they are good

15.Identify various means of determining the greater gooda. Desirable in itselfb. Can exist by itselfc.

16.Identify the four major forms of governmenta. Democracyb. Oligarchyc. Aristocracyd. Monarchy

17.Define the noble, and list a variety of noble actionsa. Noble: That which is good for its own sake and pleasurable


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i. Habitii. Anger

iii. Appetiteiv. Reason

b. Involuntaryi. Nature

ii. Compulsioniii. Chance

22.List some things which are pleasant and explain how this relates to forensic oratory

a. Habits, things not forced upon usb. People commit acts of wrongdoing because it seems pleasant to them.

23.Identify the primary states of mind of wrongdoersa. Possible

i. Wont be discoveredii. If discovered

1. No punishment2. Light punishment3. Worth it

24.Distinguish between universal and particular lawa. Universal: Unspoken laws that everyone followsb. Particular: Specific spoken/written laws that people under a specific jurisdiction

follow.

25.Describe the nature of equity


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a. Justice that goes beyond the written law26.Explain what makes one wrong worse than another

a. First one, only one, almost the only one, or have done it many times.27.Identify the five non-technical means of persuasion

a. Lawsb. Witnessesc. Contractsd. Torturese.

Oaths

28.List the five canons of Rhetorica. Inventionb. Arrangementc. Styled. Memorye. Delivery

29.List the six parts of a discoursea. Introductionb. Statement of Factc. Divisiond. Proofe. Refutationf. Conclusion

30.Explain the relevance of rhetoric to Ecclesiastes 12:9-14 and 1 Corinthians 1:17-2:5


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a. Rhetoric accomplishes 3 things.i. Delight

ii. Directiii. Drive the truth

b. Eloquence for our own glory should not be the use of Rhetoric because Goddoesnt needour eloquence and ultimately it is He that ought to be glorified.

31.Write titles for each of Aristotle book 1 and be able to provide the chapter number for agiven topic.

1. Aristotles approach and uses of Rhetoric2. The definition and divisions of rhetoric, as well as the three artistic modes of persuasion3. The three divisions of rhetoric, their audience, time, function and aim4. The concerns and focuses of Political Oratory5. Happiness and its constituent parts6. The aim of political oratory and the definition of a good thing7. Relative goodness and relative utility8. The four types of government and how to persuade based off of type of government9. Ceremonial Oratory10.Wrongdoing, types of law, and causes of action in Forensic Oratory11.Definition of pleasure12.The characters and circumstances which lead men to commit wrong, or become the victims of

wrong

13.The laws, the victims, and equity14.Identifying the lesser of two wrongs15.The five non-technical means of persuasion

rhetoric study guide - junior year

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