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KHEOWGY Volume 3: Applications
Edited by
Giovanni Astarita Giuseppe Marrucci
Luigi Nicolais University of Naples
Naples, Italy
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
International Congress on Rheology, 8th, Naples, 1980. Rheology.
Proceedings of the International Congress on Rheology; 8th, 1980) Includes indexes. 1. Rheology - Congresses. 2. Polymers and polymerization - Congresses.
3. Fluid dyanmics - Congresses. 4. Suspensions (Chemistry) - Congresses. I. Astarita, Giovanni. II. Marrucci, G. III. Nicolais, Luigi. IV. Title. V. Series: International Congress on Rheology. Proceedings; 8th, 1980. QC189.I52 8th,1980 [QCI89.5.Al] 531'.11s [531'.11] ISBN 978-1-4684-3748-5 ISBN 978-1-4684-3746-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4684-3746-1
Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Rheology, held in Naples, Italy, September 1-5,1980, published in three parts of which this is Volume 3.
© 1980 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
VIII INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON RHEOLOGY
Naples, Septemberl-5, 1980
HONORARYCOMMnnEE
PRESIDENT
Prof. J. Kubat, President, International Committee on Rheology
MEMBERS
Dr. G. Ajroldi, Past President, Italian Society of Rheology Prof. U. L. Businaro, Director of Research, FIAT
Dr. E. Cemia, Director, Assoreni Prof. C. Ciliberto, Vice-President, C.N.R.
Prof. G. Cuomo, Rector, University of Naples Dr. A. Del Piero, Director, Tourism Bureau, Town of Naples
Dr. D. Deuringer, Director RAJ, Radio-Television Network, Naples Prof. F. Gasparini, Dean, Engineering School, University of Naples
Porf. L. Malatesta, President, Chemistry Committee, C.N.R. Prof. L. Massimilla, Past Dean, Engineering School, University of Naples Prof. A. B. Metzner, Fletcher Brown Professor, University of Delaware
Prof. N. Polese,President, University Social Services, Naples Prof. M. Silvestri, President, Technical Committee, C.N.R.
Prof. N. W. Tschoegl, Secretary, International Committee on Rheology Sen. M. Valenzi, Mayor, Town of Naples
Prof. A. Valvassori, Director, Istituto Donegani
ORGANIZING COMMnnEE
Prof. G. Astarita, President Prof. G. Marrucci
Prof. L. Nicolais, Secretary
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Support from the following Institutions in gratefully acknowledged:
Alitalia, Linee Aeree Italiane, Rappresentanza di Napoli
Assoreni
Azienda Antonoma di Soggiorno, Cura e Turismo di Napoli
Azienda Autonoma di Soggiorno, Cura e Turismo di Sorrento
Centro Ricerche FIAT, S.p.A.
Comitato per la Chimica del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Comitato Tecnologico del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Istituto Donegani S.p.A.
Opera Universitaria, Napoli
RAI, Radiotelevisione Italiana, Sede Regionale per la Campania
Societa Italiana di Reologia
U.S. Air Force
Universita di Napoli
CONTENTS OF THE VOLUMES
VOLUME 1: PRINCIPLES
Invited Lectures (IL) Theory (TH)
VOLUME 2: FLUIDS
Fluid Dynamics (FD) Rheometry (RH)
Polymer Solutions (PS) Polymer Melts (ML)
Suspensions (SS)
VOLUME 3: APPliCATIONS
Polymer Processing (PC) Rubber (RB)
Polymer Solids (SO) Biorheology (BR)
Miscellaneous (MS) Late Papers (LP)
PREFACE
At the VIIth International Congress on Rheology, which was held in Goteborg in 1976, Proceedings were for the first time printed in advance and distributed to all participants at the time of the Congress. Although of course we Italians would be foolish to even try to emulate our Swedish friends as far as efficiency of organization is concerned, we decided at the very beginning that, as far as the Proceedings were concerned, the VIIIth International Congress on Rheology in Naples would follow the standards of timeliness set by the Swedish Society of Rheology. This book is the result we have obtained. We wish to acknowledge the cooperation of Plenum Press in producing it within the very tight time schedule available.
Every four years, the International Congress on Rheology represents the focal point where all rheologists meet, and the state of the art is brought up to date for everybody interested; the Proceedings represent the written record of these milestones of scientific progress in rheology. We have tried to make use of the traditions of having invited lectures, and of leaving to the organizing committee the freedom to choose the lecturers as they see fit, in order to collect a group of invited lectures which gives as broad as possible a landscape of the state of the art in every relevant area of rheology. The seventeen invited lectures are collected in the first volume of the proceedings. We wish to express our thanks, for agreeing to prepare these lectures on subjects suggested by ourselves, and for the effort to do so in the scholarly and elegant way that the reader will appreciate, to all the invited lectures: R.B.Bird, D.V.Boger, B.D.Coleman, J.M.Dealy, P.De Gennes, C.D.Denson, H.Janeschitz-Kriegl, A.Y.Malkin, R.A. Mashelkar, S.Onogi, C.J.S.Petrie, R.F.Schwarzl, J.Silberberg, K.Te Nijenhuis, C.A.Truesdell, K.Walters, K.Wichterle.
x PREFACE
As for the organization of the Congress itself, at the time of writing it is still in the future, and we can only hope that it will work out smoothly. If it does, a great deal of merit will be due to the people who have agreed to act as Chairmen of the individual sessions, and we wish to acknowledge here their help: J.J.Benbow, B.Bernstein, H.C.Booij, B.Caswell, Y.Chen, M.Crochet, P.K.Currie, M.M.Denn, A.T.Di Benedetto, H.Giesekus, J.C.Halpin, A.Hoffmann, Y.Ivanov, L.P.B.Janssen, T.E.R.Jones, W.M.Jones, H.Kambe, J.L.Kardos, E.A.Kearsley, J.Klein, K.Kirschke, S.L.Koh, J.Kubat, R.F.Landel, R.L.Laurence, G.L.Leal, C.Marco, J.Meissner, B.Mena, A.B.Metzner, S.Middleman, Y.F.Missirlis, S.L.Passman, S.T.T.Peng, J.R.A.Pearson, R.S.Porter, P.Quemada, A.Ram, C.K.Rha, W.R. Schowalter , J.C.Seferis, C.L.Sieglaff, S.S.Sternstein, R.I. Tanner, N.Tschoegl, J.Vlachopoulos, J.L.White, C.Wolff, L.J.Zapas.
The contributed papers have been grouped in eleven subject areas: theory; fluid dynamics; rheometry; polymer solutions; polymer melts; suspensions; polymer processing; rubber; polymeric solids; biorheology; miscellaneous. Of these, the first one (theory) has been included in the first volume together with the invited lectures; the next five, which all deal with fluid-like materials, have been included in the second volume, and the last five have benn included in the third volume. Categorizations such as these invariably have a degree of arbitrariness, and borderline cases where a paper could equally well have been included in two different categories do exist; we hope the subject index is detailed enough to guide the reader to any paper which may be placed in a category unexpected from the reader's viewpoint.
Rheology is not synonymous with Polymer Science, yet sometimes it almost seems to be: papers dealing with polymeric materials represent the great majority of the content of this book. Regretting that not enough work is being done on the rheology of nonpolymeric materials is an exercise in futility; yet this does seem an appropriate time for reiterating this often repeated consideration.
We would like to have a long list of people whose help in organizing the Congress we would need to acknowledge here. Unfortunately, there are no entries to such a list, with the exception of young coworkers and students who have helped before the time of writing, and will help after it. To these we extend our sincere and warmest thanks; their unselfishness is further confirmed by our inability to report their names. With this
PREFACE xi
exception, we have organized the technical part of the Congress sing1ehanded1y, and we state this not because we are proud of it, but only as a partial excuse for any mishaps that may, and unfortunately will, take place.
We regret that only the abstract of some papers appear in the Proceedings. The mail service being what it is, some papers did not reach us in time for inclusion in the Proceedings; others reached us in time, but were not prepared in the recommended form. Also, some abstracts reached us so late that there was no time left for preparation of the final paper.
At the very end of the third volume, we have collected whatever information (title, abstract, or complete paper) we could on contributed papers the very existence of which became known to us after we had prepared the Table of Contents, Author Index and Subject Index. Again, we apologize for this.
Finally, we want to express our most sincere wishes of success to whoever will be in charge of organizing the IXth International Congress in 1984. Based on our own experience, and in view of the Orwellian overtones of the date, we cannot avoid being pleased at the thought that, whoever it is, it will not be us.
Naples, 1st March 1980 Gianni Astarita Giuseppe Marrucci Luigi Nicolais
CONTENTS
VOLUME 3,- APPLICATIONS
NOTE: Papers identified by the 0 sign were not received in time for inclusion in this book, and only the abstract is included.
Preface
PC 1.1
POLYMER PROCESSING
Non-isothermal flows of Viscoelastic Fluids . • . . • . . . .
R.K. Gupta and A.B. Metzner
PC 1.2 Sensitivity of the Stability of Isothermal Melt Spinning to Rheological Constitutive Assumptions •. . . • . . . • • . .
PC 1.3
PC 1.40
J.-C. Chang and M.M. Denn
Draw Resonance Studies of Polypropylene Melts . . • . • • • • . . .
A. Ghiljels and J.J.S.M. Ente
Quantitative Investigations of Orientation ment in Vitrifying Deforming Polymer with Application to Processing . . .
J. L. White
DevelopMelts
PC 1.5 0 Quantitative Investigations of Crystallization Kinetics and Crystalline Morphology Development in Solidifying Polymer Melts with Appli-
3
9
15
25
cation to Processing . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27 J.L. White and J.E. Spruiell
PC 1.6 Rheology in Calendering of Thermoplastics J. Vlachopoulos
PC 1.7 Flow in Injection Moulds ...•..... D.P. Isherwood, J.G. Williams, and Y.T. Yap
xiii
29
37
PC 2.1 Characterization of Extrusion Dies by the Stress Distribution at the Die Exit and the Free
PC 2.2
Recovery of Extrudate Elements E. Fischer and H.H. Winter
Influence of Wall Slip in Extrusion G. Mennig
PC 2.3 An Inelastic Approach to Extrudate Swelling R.I. Tanner
PC 2.4 Time Dependency of Extrudate Swell of Molten Polyethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . .
J.M. Dealy and A. Garcia-Rejon
PC 2.5 Design of Polymer Melt Extrusion Dies to Avoid Non-Uniformity of Flow. ....
H.A.A. Helmy and R.A. Worth
PC 2.6 Broken Section Method for Analyzing Molten Flow in Extrusion Die of Plastic Net
K. Ito, Y. Kato, and S. Kimura
PC 2.7 Rheological Behavior, Extrusion Characteristics and Viscous Dissipation in Fiber Reinforced
45
51
57
63
69
77
Polymer Melts ........ 83 B.A. Knutsson, J.L. White, and K.B. Abbas
PC. 3.1 Time-Dependent Rheological Behavior of Polymeric Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
A.I. Isayev, C.A. Hieber, R.K. Upadhyay, and S.F. Shen
PC 3.2 Phase Behavior and Rheological Properties of Amorphous Polymers Plasticized by Crystalline Solids . . . . . . . . . . 99
M.T. Shaw and J.H. Chen
PC. 3.3 Gelation and Fusion Characteristics of PVC Resins in Plastisol by Determination of their Viscoelasticity . . . . . . . . . . . 109
N. Nakajima and D.W. Ward
PC 3.4 Process Rheology in the Polymer Manufacturing for Synthetic Fibers . . . . . . . . . . 115
D. Ovid
PC 3.5/6 Multiphase Flow in Polymer Processing C.D. Han
121
CONTENTS
PC 3.7
PC 4.1
PC 4.2
PC 4.3
PC 4.5
RB 1.1
RB 1.2
RB 1.3 0
Instabilities and Disturbances on Industrial Melt Spinning . • • • •
G. Colombo, G. Manfre and S. Stellino
Analysis of the Stratified Multi-Phase Flow of Polymer Melts in Wire Coating ...•
o. Akita and K. Ito
Microstructural Orientation Distribution in Injection Molded Polyethylene Articles
M.R. Kamal and F. Moy
Melt Deformation During Parison Formation and Inflation in Extrusion Blow Molding
M.R. Kamal, D. Kalyon, V. Tan
High Modulus Polyethylene Obtained with Injection Molding . . . .
J. Kubat and J.A. Manson
Flow of Molten Polymers Used in the Synthetic Fibre
xv
129
137
143
149
157
Industry through Granular Beds . . . . .. 159 Z. Zembtowski, M. Michniewicz and J. Torzecki
Viscoelastic Properties of Phenol-Formaldehyde Oligomers and Polymers in the Process of Cross-Linking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Y.G. Yanovsky, V.I. Britzitsky and G.V. Vinogradov
RUBBER
Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Urethane Elastomers by Thermally Stimulated Creep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T.E. Sayed, D. Chatain and C. Lacabanne
Rubber Networks Containing Unattached Polymer Molecules and Carbon Black,. . . .
C.C. Chuan, O. Kramer and J.D. Ferry
Determination of Constitutive Equations in Finite Elasticity ......... .
H.C. Strifors
Derivation of the Plazek Time-Chain Concentration Shift Factor for Elastomers . . . . . . .
R.F. Landel and T.J. Peng
171
177
183
185
xvi
RB 1.5
SD 1.1
SD 1.2
SD 1.3
SD 1.4
SD 1.5
SD 1.6
SD 2.1 0
SD 2.2
SD 2.3
CONTENTS
On the Transition from Linear to Non-Linear Viscoelastic Behavior of Natural Rubbers
B. Stenberg and E. Ostman
Effects of Curatives and Antidegradants on Flow of Uncured Rubber Compounds. • . • •
J .1. Leblanc
Analysis of Extrudate Swell Behavior of Rubber Compounds Using Laser Scan Detector •••
J.L. Leblanc
SOLIDS
Viscoelastic Response of a Solid Polymer After Yielding. . • • • • . . . • •
G. Rizzo and G. Titomanlio .. .. . ..
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of PC-SAN Blends. • . G. Locati and G. Giuliani
Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Aromatic Polyamidemide Degraded in N02 Atmosphere
H. Kambe and R. Yolcota
The Appearance of Nonlinear Viscoelasticity in Glassy Polymers . • . . • . . .
J.F. Jansson
The Influence of Cooling Rate on the Transition to Marked Nonlinear Viscoelasticity in Poly (Methylmethacrylate) • • . . . •
M.E. Robertsson and J.F. Jansson
Viscoelastic Models in the Rheology Polymeric Composites of (Phase-in-Phase)-in-Phase Type
H. Paven and V. Dobrescu
of Hybrid
Thermal Properties in Composites . . . . . . • . J.C. Seferis
Stress Relaxation of Glass-Bead Filled Glassy Amorphous Polystyrene .•...••
F .H.J. Maurer
Failure Properties of Filled Elastomers as Determined
187
193
195
199
205
211
217
223
229
235
237
By Strain Endurance Tests . . . •• 243 Y. Diamant, Z. Laufer and D. Katz
CONTENTS
SO 2.4
SO 2.5
SO 2.6
SO 2.7
SO 3.1
SO 3.2
SO 3.3
SO 3.4
SO 3.5
SO 3.6
SD 4.1
Aging of a Structural Adhesive • • • • • • • • • O. Katz, A. Buchman, S. Gonen
The Strength of Oriented Short Fiber Reinforced
xvii
249
Plastics ••••• • • • • • • • • • • 255 J .L. Kardos, J .C. Halpin and S.L. Chang
Deformation Behavior of Composite Particles. 261 S.K. Ahuja
Acoustical Response of Particulate-Loaded Viscoelastic Composites. • • • • • • 269
E.K. Walsh, J .W. Nunziato and S.L. Passman
The Role of Chain Entanglements and Crystals in the Orientation Process of Polymers. • • • 275
H.G. Zachmann, G.Elsner, and H.J. Biangardi
Deformation Induced Volume Relaxation in a StyreneButadiene Copolymer ••••.
H.G. Merriman and J.M Caruthers
A Deformation Analysis of a Polyethylene Crystal Subjected to End Forces of Stretching and
281
Lattice Expansion • • • • • • • • • • . •• 287 J.T. Fong
Induced Anisotropy of Thermal Expansivity under Large Deformations • • . • . • • . . . ..• 293
S.T.J. Peng
Viscoelastic Behavior of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate): Prediction of Extensional Response from Torsional Data . . • . • • • • • .• 299
G.B. McKenna and L.J. Zapas
Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Plasticized and Filled Polymer Systems • • • • . • . 309
R. Stenson
Properties of Compatible Blends of Polycarbonate and a Copolyester. . . • . • . • . • • .• 315
P. Masi, D.R. Paul and J.W. Barlow
Relaxation Processes in Glassy Polymers and the Strain and Time Dependence of Gas Permeation . • . . . . • . • . • . . . •. 323
T.L. Smith and G. Levita
xviii
SD 4.3
SD 4.4
SD 4.5
SD 4.6
SD 5.1
SD 5.2
SD 5.4
SD 5.6
SD 5.7
SD 5.8
CONTENTS
Application of a Thermodynamically based Single Integral Constitutive Equation to Stress Relaxation and Yield in ABS . . . . . . .
C.J. Aloisio and R.A. Schapery
Irreversible Thermodynamics of Glassy Polymers .•....
K.C. Valanis and S.T.J. Peng
Characterizing Rheological Cure Behavior of Epoxy Composite Materials. . . .
R. Hinricks and J. Thuen
Conformational Energies of Polymers J.M. O'Reilly
The Rate-dependent Fracture Behavior of High Performance Sulfone Polymers ••..
R.Y. Ting and R.L. Cottington
The Influence of Crystalline Structure on the Necking-Fracture Behavior of Polyethylene . . • . • • . .
U. Gedde, B. Terselius and J.F. Jansson
Structure and Fracture of Thermally Oxidized Pipes of High-Density Polyethylene . . .
B. Terselius, U. Gedde, J.F. Jansson
Fibre Fatigue in Various Environments I.E. Clark and J.W.S. Hearle
Creep-Fatigue Rupture Prediction Models Applied on 2 1.4 Cr-1 Mo Steel at 550°C .••..
A. Benallal
Ultimate Strength of Poly(Ethylene Terephtalate) Fibres and its Relation to Thermal and
325
331
337
343
349
355
363
365
371
Mechanical History • . . • . • . .. 373 J. Vanicek, J. Militky and J. Jansa
Building of Stress-Strain Curves for Polymers on the Basis of their Mechanical Characteristics
A.B. Sinani and V.A. Stepanov
Glassy Dynamic
Kinetics of Deformation and Intermolecular Forces in Polymers . . . . . . . . . . • . . . .
W.A. Stepanov, W.A. Bershtein and N.N. Peschanskaya
379
389
CONTENTS xix
SD 6.1/2 Measurement of Dynamic Mechanical Properties Properties •••••••••••• 397
T. Murayama
SD 6.3 Rheo~optica1 Studies on the Nature of Alpha and Beta Mechanical Dispersions of Polyethylene in Relation to the Deformation Mechanisms of Spheru1itic Crystalline Texture •••• 409
H. Kawai, T. Hashimoto, S.Suehiro and T. Kyu
SD 6.4 0 On the Creep-Behavior of Materials under Compression Between Parallel Plates • • • •• 415
J. Betten
SD 6.5 Processing Induced Superstructures in Moulded Amorphous Polymers. • • . . • • . . • . 417
K.P. Grosskurth
SD 6.6 0 Effect of Variable Molecular Orientations on Stress-Crazing in Moulded Amorphous Polymers . . • . . . . . • • • • . . • 425
K.P. Grosskurth
SD 6.7 0 Viscoelastic Behavior of Composite Systems Composed of Po1ybutadiene Particles and Polystyrene at Elevated Temperatures . . • • • . . . •. 427
T. Masuda, M. Ktamura and S. Onogi
SD 6.8 Interactive Enhancement of PVC and ABS Toughness
SD 7.1
SD 7.2
SD 7.3
in their Blends, A Fracture Mechanics Investigation • . • • . . . . • . .. 429
T. Ricco, M. Rink and A. Pavan
Environmental Crazing of and Po1ycarbonate
A.T. Di Benedetto, P. and L. Nicho1ais
Po1ymethy1methacrylate
Be1lusci, M. Iannone, 435
Recovery of Uniaxially Oriented Polypropylene 443 S. Piccarolo
Dimensional Stability of Uniaxially Oriented Polystyrene Composites . . . . . . . . 451
A. Apicella and L. Nicodemo
Mechanical Properties of High Density PolyethylenePolypropylene Blends . . . . . . • . . . .. 459
R. Greco. G. Ragosta, E. Martuscelli, and G. Mucciariello
xx
BR 1.1/2
BR 1.4
BR 1.5
BR 1.6
BR 1.7
BR 2.1 0
BR 2.2
CONTENTS
Properties of Polystyrene-Polyolefin Alloys .. . • . . . • . . .
E. Martuscelli, C. Silvestre, R. Greco, and G. Ragosta
Strain and Strength Properties of Linear Polymers at Uniaxial Extension above their Glass
461
Transition Temperature.. ....... 463 V.Y. Dreval, Y.K. Borisenkova and G.V. Vinogradov
BIORHEOLOGY
Molecular Rheology of Human Health and Disease (Today and Tomorrow?)
L. Dintenfass
Blood: Its Role in
Analysis of Drag Reduction in Blood Flows P.N. Tandon and A.K. Kulshreshtha
Augmented Rates under the Fields
V.G. Kubair
of Oxygen Transfer to Blood Influence of Imposed Magnetic
Mass Transfer in Time Dependent Blood Flow. . . G. Akay
Erythrocyte Elasticity in Muscular Dystrophic Mice ........... .
Y.F. Missirlis, M. Vanderwel, L. Weir, and M.C. Bain
Kinetics and Morphology of Aggregation of Red Cells:
467
481
483
489
495
Preparations for the NASA Spacelab. 503 L. Dintenfass
Some Rheological Aspects of Enzyme Manufacture. . . . . . . . . 509
J.J. Benbow
Synovial Fluid Rheology, Hyaluronic Acid and Macro-molecular Network Structure •..... 511
H. Zeidler and S. Altmann
A Mathematical Formulation of the Growth of Biological Materials . . . . . 519
S.L. Koh and P. Hore
CONTENTS
BR 2.4
BR 2.5
BR 2.6
BR 2.7
BR 3.1
BR 3.2 0
BR 3.3
BR 3.4
BR 3.5
Effects of Membrane Anisotropy upon the Viscoelasticity of Spherical Cell Suspensions • • • •
A. Sakanishi and Y. Takano
Walking, Running, Jumping - An Interaction of Two Rheological Systems • . • • • • • •
B. Olofsson
Rheological Properties TS Cr • • • . •
K. Nishinari, T.E. and C. Lacabanne
of Pullulan by
Sayed, D. Chatain,
Fluid Dynamic Problems in Postdilutional Hemofiltration with High-Flux Membranes
A. Pozzi, P. Luchini and E. Drioli
Some Results about a New Mono-Cusp Aortic Valve Prothesis • • . • . • • • •
. R. Brouwer, A. Cardon, C. Hiel and W. Welch
Aspects of Measuring Techniques in Haemorheology within the Low Shear Range. . . . . . . .
C.D. Meier
Constitutive Equations for Large Human Arteries . . • . • . . • • . . .
S. Stoychev
Velocity Profile Measurements by Laser-Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) in Plane Capillaries. Comparison with Theoretical Profiles from a Two Fluid Model • • • • . • • . . • . •
J. Dufaux, P. Quemada and P. Mills
An Optical Method for Studying Red Blood Cells Orientation and Aggregation in a Couette Flow of Blood Suspension. . . . • . . . •
P. Mills, D. Quemada and J. Dufaux
The Influence of the Internal Viscosity of Washed Red Blood Cells on their Rheological Behavior. . . . . . . • . • . . . . . .
D. Lerche, P. Mills, R. Glaser, J. Dufaux and D. Quemada
xxi
521
527
533
539
545
551
553
561
567
573
xxii
BR 3.7
MS 1.1
MS 1.2
MS 1.5
MS 2.2
MS 2.3
MS 2.4
MS 2.5
MS 2.6
CONTENTS
The Quantitative Description of the Viscoelastic Properties of Human Blood • • • • •
P. Riha
Temperature Dependency of Thixotropic Behavior of Whole Human Blood •....••.....
C.R. Huang, J.A. Su, K. Dristol and J.D. Cohn
MISCELLANEOUS
A Rheological Study of a Superplastic Sheet Metal Forming Process • • . • . • . • • .
M. Bidhendi_and T.C. Hsu
The Rheological Assessment of Propellants • . . F.S. Baker, R.E. Carter and R.C. Warren
On the Plastic Deformation of Semiconductors P. Feltham
Rheological Properties of Treated Sub-Bentonite ..•..•....
E.Z. Basta, MA M.A. Maksoud and A.T.A. Aziz
Flow Behaviour of Lubricants in Service Conditions .•
K. Kirschke
Mechanics of Failure in Tissue Specimens of the
575
581
585
591
597
599
601
Apple Cortex •....••....... 607 M.G. Sharma and N.N. Mohsenin
Rheological Characterization of Time Dependent Foodstuffs • . . . . . . . . . . . 609
DeKee, C. Turcotte and R.K. Code
Rheological Properties of Non-Acqueous Suspensions of Titanium Dioxides Stabilized with Lecithin. . • • • . . . . . . • • • . .. 615
K. Umeya, T. Kanno
Characterization of Chitosan Film • . . • . .. 621 C.A. Kienzle-Sterzer, D.R. Sanchez and C.K. Rha
Rheological Properties of Highly Dilute Visco-elastic Aqueous Detergent Solutions. . . 629
G. Gravsholt
Reinforced Hydrophyllic Materials for Surgical Implants. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635
C. Migliaresi, J. Kolarik, M.I Stol and L. Nicolais
CONTENTS
MS 3.1/2
MS 3.3
MS 3.4
MS 3.5
MS 3.6
MS 3.7
Upon Viscoelastic Behavior of Compositions of the Type of Polymer Concrete • • • . •
J. Hristova
The Rheology of Polymers with Liquid Crystalline Order .• . • • • •
D.G. Baird
A Thixotropic Model for Cement Pastes . R. Lapasin. V. Longo and S. Rajgelj
On the Rheological Behavior of Cement Suspensions Tested in a Couette Rheometer • • • . • •
W. von Berg
Correspondence Between Transient and Dynamic Viscoelastic Functions in the Case of Asphalts . • . . . . .
B. de la Taille and G. Boyer
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