rfid technologies laboratory ii -...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dipar&mento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione
e Scienze Matema&che
RFID Technologies Laboratory III
Alberto Toccafondi
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Alberto Toccafondi
Capacitance matching circuit Ø Connection between the reader board and the antenna coil using 50 Ω
coaxial cable.
Ø Parallel/series capacitor matching circuit
322 11 READERS
11.4.2 Supply via coaxial cable
At frequencies above 1 MHz, or in the frequency range 135 kHz if longer cables areused, the HF voltage can no longer be considered stationary, but must be treated as anelectromagnetic wave in the cable. Connecting the antenna coil using a long, unshieldedtwo core wire in the HF range would therefore lead to undesired effects, such as powerreflections, impedance transformation and parasitic power emissions, due to the wavenature of a HF voltage. Because these effects are difficult to control when they arenot exploited intentionally, shielded cable — so-called coaxial cable — is normallyused in radio technology. Sockets, plugs and coaxial cable are uniformly designed fora cable impedance of 50 ! and, being a mass produced product, are correspondinglycheap. RFID systems generally use 50 ! components.
The block diagram of an inductively coupled RFID system using 50 ! technologyshows the most important HF components (Figure 11.17).
The antenna coil L1 represents an impedance ZL in the operating frequency rangeof the RFID system. To achieve power matching with the 50 ! system, this impedancemust be transformed to 50 ! (matched) by a passive matching circuit . Power trans-mission from the reader output module to the matching circuit is achieved (almost)without losses or undesired radiation by means of a coaxial cable.
A suitable matching circuit can be realised using just a few components. The circuitillustrated in Figure 11.18, which can be constructed using just two capacitors, is verysimple to design (Suckrow, 1997). This circuit is used in practice in various 13.56 MHzRFID systems.
Figure 11.19 shows a reader with an integral antenna for a 13.56 MHz system.Coaxial cable has not been used here, because a very short supply line can be realised
L1
ZL
P1 P2Coaxial cable 50 !Reader
PA(poweramplifier)50 !
Zin = 50 !
Matchingcircuit
Figure 11.17 Connection of an antenna coil using 50 ! technology
C1s
C2p XLs
RLs
ZA
Matching circuit Antenna coil
50 !
Figure 11.18 Simple matching circuit for an antenna coil
Rcoil
Lcoil
RparC2
C1
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Alberto Toccafondi
Keysight* ADS
*formerly Agilent
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Alberto Toccafondi
Creating workspace
Ø Create new Workspace and click on “next”
Ø Open ADS
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Alberto Toccafondi
Ø Simply click “next”
Ø Rename workspace and click “next”
Creating workspace
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Alberto Toccafondi
Simply click “next”
Ø Rename workspace and click “next”
Creating workspace
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Alberto Toccafondi
Then click “next”
Choose 2nd option
Createing workspace
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Alberto Toccafondi
select workspace
and create a new schematic
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
rename cell (optional)
choose S_Parameters template (important) and
click “OK”
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
A new schematic page with two 50-ohm terminations and a S-parameter controller placed on it with default frequency settings should be visible
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
To create a circuit, first we can delete Term2, since our circuit have only one port....
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
....then go to Lumped-Components, select and place SRL, R and C components on the schematic, and set the correct values
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
Double click on the S-Parameter controller and set the parameter for simulations, then “apply” and “ok”
Creating schematic design
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Alberto Toccafondi
Click on Simulate icon (or press F7) to start the simulation and once done, data display window appears showing the simulation results
Simulation and results
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Alberto Toccafondi
double click on “Reverse Transmission graph”, delete dB(s(2,1)) ....
Customize results
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Alberto Toccafondi
and add “S(1,1)” choosing “dB” (rename the title)
Customize results
do the same with
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Alberto Toccafondi
insert a marker on the trace
Customize results
marker
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Alberto Toccafondi
to make component values tunable, double click on the component and click on “Tune/Opt...” button, then choose “enabled” in tuning status
Tuning the components
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Alberto Toccafondi
to make component values tunable, double click on the components you want to see the impact on circuit performance and click on “Tune/Opt...” button, then choose “enabled” in tuning status and click ok. (you can change limits if needed)
Tuning the components
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Alberto Toccafondi
Click on the Tune Parameter icon in the schematic page....
Tuning the components
... and a Tuning slider window appears
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Alberto Toccafondi
Tuning the components Put Tuning slider window and data display side by side and start to move the slider of component values and see the corresponding graph changing with the component values
Please note there are many other features of Tuning wizard