rfid tcp-ip

7/29/2019 RFID TCP-IP

1/30

BYS.PRIANKAAIT-08-021


2/30

Physical -- 4 pairs, Fiber Optics, Coax, Network,Interface Card

Data link -- Token Ring, Ethernet

Network -- IPX, IPTransport -- TCP, UDP, NetBEUI, SPX

Session -- FTP, Telnet, NCP

Presentation -- SMB, NCP

Applications -- Email, AppleTalk, NFS


3/30

Link Layer : includes device driver and network interface cardNetwork Layer : handles the movement of packets, i.e. RoutingTransport Layer : provides a reliable flow of data between two hosts

Application Layer : handles the details of the particular application


4/30

TCP/IP is the communication protocolfor communication between computers

on the Internet.TCP/IP stands for Transmission ControlProtocol / Internet Protocol.


5/30

TCP/IP uses 32 bits, or four numbersbetween 0 and 255, to address acomputer.

TCP/IP defines how electronic devicesshould be connected to the Internet, andhow data should be transmitted betweenthem.


6/30

TCP specified in 1974 IP standard(RFC -791) published 1981

Defense Communications Agenciesestablished TCP/IP as a suite in 1982

Domain Name System (DNS) introduced

in 1984


7/30

32 bits addressing.1 computer byte is 8 bits. So,4 computerbytes.

A computer byte can contain 256 differentvalues:

00000000, 00000001, 00000010,

00000011, 00000100, 00000101,00000110, 00000111, 00001000 .......and allthe way up to 11111111.


8/30

TCP takes care of the communication between

your application software (i.e. your browser)

and your network softwareTCP is responsible for breaking data downinto IP packets before they are sent, and for

assembling the packets when they arrive


9/30

App

Transport

Network

Link

TCP / UDP

IP

Data Hdr

Data Hdr

TCP Segment

IP Datagram

Protocol Stack


10/30

Set up connection

Transfer dataClose connection

TCP Header Format


11/30


12/30

Connection - oriented

Session is established before exchanging data.

Reliable Delivery

Sequence numbers

Acknowledgements(ACKs)

Byte-Stream Communications

Uses Port Numbers as Endpoints to Communicate.


13/30

A TCP port provides a specific location fordelivery of TCP Segments.

Port Numbers below 1024 are well-known, andare assigned by Internet Assigned NumbersAuthority (IANA)Refer to RFC 1170.


14/30

There are three phases: Establish Connection

Data Transfer

Terminate ConnectionConnection Setup

3-way handshake

(Active)

Client

(Passive)

ServerSyn

Syn + Ack

Ack Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3


15/30

IP takes care of the communication with othercomputers.

IP is responsible for sending the packets to thecorrect destination.

IP forwards each packet based on a four byte

destination address


16/30

Source IP Address,

Destination IP Address,

Protocol, Checksum,

Time to Live(TTL)


17/30


18/30

Each computer must have an IP addressbefore it can connect to the Internet.

Each IP packet must have an address before it

can be sent to another computer.This is an IP address: 192.68.20.50This might be the same IP

address: www.w3schools.com


19/30


20/30


21/30


22/30


23/30

Each Server, workstation,

printer, router and other Internet enabled devices


24/30

Subnetting:IP Address plus subnet mask (net mask)IP Address: 171.64.15.82Netmask: 0xFFFFFF00 (111...1100000000)

First 24 bits are the Subnet ID (the neighborhood)Last 8 bits are Host ID (the street address)Can be written as Prefix + Length171.64.15.0/24 or 171.64.15/24

ProblemClasses too rigid (C too small, B too big)

SolutionSubnetting (e.g. within Stanford)Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR)


25/30

Routing is the process of choosing path overwhich to send packets.

This occurs when a TCP/IP host sends IPpackets and routing occurs at an IP router.


26/30


27/30

IP Version 1 - 3

IP Version 4 - TCP/IP -- 32 bit IP address,

IP Version 5 -- Streamed Protocol(ST), aconnection-oriented internet-level protocol

IP Version 6 -- Designed to Replace IPv4 --

128 bit IP address.


28/30

IP Addresses can be spoofed --snooped and

replaced

Spamming through incorrect IP addresses Denial of Service Attack

ESP encrypts the IP datagram so that

the information will not be visible to snoopers.


29/30

IP is the basis of Internetworking

TCP builds on top of IP

adds reliable, congestion-controlled,connection-oriented, byte-stream.


30/30

rfid tcp-ip

Documents