r.f.i.d. radio frequency identification device
TRANSCRIPT
R.F.I.D.Radio Frequency Identification DeviceJune 22, 2005
Megan FalzoneHenry HagopianRina RubEric Schaeffer
Presentation Agenda
Definition and Technology Overview
Benefits to Implementation
Barriers to Adoption
RFID Applications
Current
Future
Overview
RFID – Radio Frequency Identification
Means of storing and retrieving data
What does it do? Sends information via an electromagnetic transmission to
an RF compatible circuit
Components Reader with an Antenna
RFID Tag
RFID Tags Tags
Active Tags
Passive Tags
Non-battery (Pure Passive)
Battery (Semi-Passive)
Memory Type Read / Write
Memory can be read, stored, and revised Higher cost
Read Only Programmed at factory Lower cost
History Scientific Community
1948 - RFID theory invented in a paper entitled “Communication by Means of Reflected Power” in 1948
Government Involvement 1975 - Los Alamos Scientific Laboratories (LASL)
Releases research to public Publishes “Short Range Radio-Telemetry for Electronic Identification Using
Modulated Backscatter”
Commercial Involvement 1991 - Texas Instruments subsidiary TIRIS develops and markets RFID
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2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
$ in Billions
RFID Technology Spending on the Rise
Source: ABI Research
Technological Benefits
Advanced Monitoring
Data Advantages
Re-writeable Tags
Withstand Harsh Conditions
Direct Line-of-Sight Not Required
Flexible Read Range
Multiple Simultaneous Reads
RFID—Why Not?
Implementation: From Barcodes to RFID Cost Prohibitive and Labor Intensive
Incompatibility 11-digit barcode vs. 13-digit RFID tag
Requires Evaluation of IT Infrastructure Capacity to handle and store terabytes of data?
RFID—Why Not?
Privacy Concerns
Client Identification and Tracking
Other Nefarious Uses
RFDump
RFID—Why Not? Lack of Regulation and Standardization
Need for Standard Frequency Defines tag and reader relationship Impacts transmission range and speed
Multiple Global Groups = Multiple Conflicting
Standards
GM Case
EPCGlobal
Gen2 EPCGlobal: Mission: Set Global
Standard for Electronic Product Codes/RFID
Standard for Passive Tag Recently Sent to ISO for Review
Consumer Privacy Guidelines
RFID in Action Today Contactless Payment Systems
ExxonMobil Speedpass First introduced by Mobil in 1997
(and Exxon-branded service stations in 2001) Speedpass uses RFID reader located in the pump to talk to a
small transponder device. Example of a passive tag - programmed with a unique code Simple and convenient for the customer
Point device at the reader and credit card is automatically charged.
More than 6 million active Speedpass devices in the US
RFID in Action TodayElectronic Toll Collection
MTA Fast Lane (E-ZPass System) Auto Transponder -Example of an Active tag
Tag communicates vehicle identification and classification within milliseconds
266,000 drivers - almost half of the Turnpike's toll transactions - use FAST LANE each day.
More than 700,000 vehicles currently have FAST LANE transponders.
E-ZPass System on the Route 95 Corridor Maine to Maryland
Leading the RFID Charge with Suppliers
10,000 Suppliers
43,000 Suppliers
Leading the RFID Charge with Suppliers
June 2003 - Ultimatum to 100 largest suppliers
By April 2005 – 23,000 pallets tagged by suppliers
Currently using passive tags – need to be scanned
Six million reads in a month
Improving the retailer’s ability to track inventory
RFID currently installed in 104 stores and 36 Sam’s Club’s
Plans to have in 600 stores and 12 distribution centers by year-end.
Wal-Mart’s next 200 suppliers have to start tagging by 2006.
The Future of RFID
“For the life of me, I cannot understand why terrorists have not attacked our food supply, because it is so easy to do.”
Tommy Thompson, Former Health and Human Services Secretary December, 2004.
RFID and the Nation’s Food Supply Opportunities for Foul Play Exist in the Food Chain
Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 “Track and Trace”
4-8 hours to provide access to FDA if threat exists
“Track and Trace” rules are primary reason for implementing RFID
Information associated with RFID tags would be very beneficial in the product-recall process.
The recent Mad Cow scare is driving the cattle industry to adopt RFID
Calling Dr. RFID
Patient Identification Jacobi Medical Center (NY) and Saarbrucken Hospital (Germany) Outfitted over 1,200 patients with RFID wristband Allows Doctors instant access medical history with a wireless PDA
Prevention of Surgical Mix-ups Five to Eight wrong-site surgeries per month in the US New RFID technology approved by the FDA in Nov. 2004 Surgichip is a 2-by-1 inch RFID encoded tag Tags are read by OR staff to confirm patient procedure
Big Brother’s Passport to Pry
US State Dept. plan to have US Passport embedded with a passive RFID chip by the end of 2005
A target in your pocket? Early tests showed chip may be read from yards away May identify US citizens abroad Vulnerable to identity theft at home
Public Outcry - comment period ended in April 2005
Feds now “taking a very serious look” at a privacy solution
Conclusions Widespread RFID solutions are on the horizon
Well beyond inventory management
The most important technological development for retailers since the barcode
A $7 Billion global RFID market by 2008
Many challenges still exist
Privacy issues raised by consumer groups
Tags are still relatively expensive compared to barcodes
High up-front costs – software, hardware, data storage, security solutions, and technology implementation