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3.1 Ethical Consideration

The subjects of this study are pediatric clients who are considered as vulnerable

subjects which means they should be protected from the risks of research. Specific

protection will be implemented to ensure adequate protections for minors, including

parental permission and assent of children.

There are quite a few associated risks in using iPad in play therapy as a

diversionary activity among pediatric clients who will undergo circumcision. Play varies

widely with regards to the age of a child in adherence to the developmental milestone.

The subjects of this study are from 6-12 years old. The use of iPad as play therapy may

not utilize the goal of enhancing interpersonal skills among children because this kind of

play does not involve interaction with other children as socialization. The tendency to be

so much engrossed with iPad even after the circumcision procedure or the time they

went home is a foreseeable risk. This may lead to addiction that will disrupt their daily

activities.

On the other hand, distraction with iPad games reduces pediatric anxiety during

the preoperative period of circumcision. The respondents therefore will likely to be more

cooperative throughout the procedure in effect they will have a positive surgical

outcome.

In conducting a research, the responsibilities to search for knowledge and to

work hard to further improve the quality of life are in the hands of the researchers.

Therefore, the following ethical measures will be considered throughout the progression

of the study:

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Informed Consent and Participant Assent

Informed consent will be obtained from the subjects. In this case where children who

are acknowledged as one of the vulnerable population are involved, subjects assent

must be obtained from the children themselves. On the other hand, formal informed

consent must also be obtained from the legal guardians or parents of the subjects.

Parents and children will be provided with the necessary explanations of procedures to

be undertaken during the study including voluntary participation, confidentiality issues,

and the right to withdraw from the study should they feel unable to comply with the play

therapy.

Voluntary participation.

The childs participation in this study is completely voluntary and he/she is free

to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason without penalty or prejudice from

the researcher. The parents and children are fre to ask any questions at any time

before, during or after the play therapy

Confidentiality.

The researchers will take all necessary precautions to protect the pediatric

participants confidentiality rights. All participants will be assigned an identification

number and these will be used instead of their names. Only their age will be written on

the questionnaire. Their identification will not be revealed to anyone besides the

researchers involved in the study

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Nonmaleficence.

Another equally important responsibility of the researcher is protecting their

subjects. They must ensure their good physical and emotional well-being, therefore, the

researchers have the heavy responsibility to protect participants from harm

Necessity of Referral to Other Professionals

The researchers contend that if during the course of the study, there will be subjects

who will require clinical attention, then all efforts will be made to refer them to relevant

professionals.