ReviewReview

Who is the father of Who is the father of Renaissance Humanism?Renaissance Humanism?

Who added perspective to the Who added perspective to the Northern Artistic Renaissance?Northern Artistic Renaissance?

What three artists dominated What three artists dominated the High Renaissance?the High Renaissance?

Ctd from Sec 2…Ctd from Sec 2…Renaissance ArtistsRenaissance Artists

Masaccio – 15Masaccio – 15thth century frescoes are century frescoes are considered the 1considered the 1stst masterpieces of masterpieces of early Renaissance art.early Renaissance art.

Fresco – painting done on wet plaster Fresco – painting done on wet plaster with water-based paints.with water-based paints.

This creates depth and the illusion of This creates depth and the illusion of 3D.3D.

DonatelloDonatello

Made advances in sculpture.Made advances in sculpture.Modeled his figures on Greek and Modeled his figures on Greek and

Roman statues.Roman statues.Most famous was Saint George.Most famous was Saint George.

Filippo BrunelleschiFilippo Brunelleschi

Created a new architecture based on Created a new architecture based on Roman classical buildings.Roman classical buildings.

Offer a space fit for human needs.Offer a space fit for human needs.Reflected a human-centered world.Reflected a human-centered world.

The Protestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation

Chapter 5 Section 3Chapter 5 Section 3

HumanismHumanism

Based on the classics, the literary Based on the classics, the literary works of ancient Greece & Rome.works of ancient Greece & Rome.

Studied subjects that are now known Studied subjects that are now known as the humanities. (poetry, as the humanities. (poetry, philosophy, & history)philosophy, & history)

HumanismHumanism

Petrarch did the Petrarch did the most to foster most to foster humanism’s humanism’s development.development.

Emphasized using Emphasized using pure classical pure classical Latin.Latin.

Christian HumanismChristian Humanism

Christian humanistsChristian humanists believed in the ability of believed in the ability of human beings to reason and human beings to reason and improve themselves. improve themselves.

Christian humanists wanted Christian humanists wanted to reform the Catholic to reform the Catholic ChurchChurch

Desiderius ErasmusDesiderius Erasmus

Desiderius ErasmusDesiderius Erasmus is the is the best known Christian humanist best known Christian humanist because he developed “the because he developed “the philosophy of Christ” which philosophy of Christ” which meant to show people how to meant to show people how to live good lives on a daily basis live good lives on a daily basis rather than how to achieve rather than how to achieve salvation.salvation.

Desiderius Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus continued..continued..

Setting the Stage for Setting the Stage for ReformationReformation

People called for reform People called for reform because of…..because of…..

theological beliefs (ie- theological beliefs (ie- Christian Humanism)Christian Humanism)

Doctrinal disagreements Doctrinal disagreements (ie-marriage for priests)(ie-marriage for priests)

Setting the Stage for Setting the Stage for ReformationReformation

People called for reform People called for reform because of…..because of…..

Corruption in the Catholic Corruption in the Catholic Church (ie- Popes more Church (ie- Popes more concerned w/ political concerned w/ political interests than spiritual interests than spiritual interests.interests.

IndulgencesIndulgences

IndulgencesIndulgences

An An indulgenceindulgence is a release from all is a release from all or part of punishment for sin or part of punishment for sin according to the Catholic Church at according to the Catholic Church at the time and were sold by priests.the time and were sold by priests.

SalvationSalvation (acceptance into (acceptance into heaven) through indulgences heaven) through indulgences became a mechanical process that became a mechanical process that many people didn’t agree with.many people didn’t agree with.

Martin Luther (1483-1546)Martin Luther (1483-1546)

Martin Luther continuedMartin Luther continued

Luther was a……Luther was a……German MonkGerman MonkPriestPriestProfessorProfessorTheologian Theologian CHURCH REFORMERCHURCH REFORMER

Luther continued…..Luther continued…..

Luther’s teachings Luther’s teachings inspired the Reformationinspired the Reformation

Luther influenced the Luther influenced the doctrines and traditions doctrines and traditions of Protestant churches of Protestant churches everywhereeverywhere

Luther’s 95 ThesesLuther’s 95 Theses

In In 15171517 Luther posted Luther posted Ninety-Ninety-Five ThesesFive Theses on the door of the on the door of the Castle Church in Castle Church in Wittenberg, Wittenberg, Germany.Germany.

The The Ninety-Five ThesesNinety-Five Theses attacked the abuses of attacked the abuses of indulgences and thousands of indulgences and thousands of copies were printed.copies were printed.

Castle Church in WittenbergCastle Church in Wittenberg

Martin LutherMartin Luther

1520 – called for the German princes 1520 – called for the German princes to overthrow the papacy & establish to overthrow the papacy & establish a reformed German church.a reformed German church.

Wanted to keep 2 sacraments – Wanted to keep 2 sacraments – baptism and Communion – and called baptism and Communion – and called for the clergy to marry.for the clergy to marry.

Edict of WormsEdict of Worms

The Catholic Church The Catholic Church excommunicated (kicked excommunicated (kicked him out) Luther in 1521.him out) Luther in 1521.

The Catholic Church also The Catholic Church also issued the issued the Edict of WormsEdict of Worms which made Luther an which made Luther an outlaw.outlaw.

ReformationReformation

Luther’s religious movement soon Luther’s religious movement soon became a revolution. became a revolution.

Luther set up new services to replace Luther set up new services to replace the Mass which featured Bible the Mass which featured Bible readings, preaching the word of God readings, preaching the word of God and songs.and songs.

His doctrine became the known as His doctrine became the known as Lutheranism, the 1Lutheranism, the 1stst Protestant faith. Protestant faith.

ReviewReview

What did the Christian Humanists What did the Christian Humanists believe?believe?

Who is the best known Christian Who is the best known Christian Humanist?Humanist?

What is an indulgence?What is an indulgence?Where did Luther post his 95 Theses? Where did Luther post his 95 Theses?

(city)(city)What did the Edict of Worms do?What did the Edict of Worms do?