review to begin latin 3 honors. presentimperfectfuture for 1 st /2 nd conjugations future for 3 rd -...

Review to begin Latin 3 Honors

Present Imperfect Future for 1st/2nd Conjugations

Future for 3rd-4th Conj.

ENGLISH1. verbs

2. am/is/are

verbing

3. do verb; does

verb

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1. 1.

•ACTIVE verb ENDINGS on this side

•Verb Tenses

Perfect Pluperfect Future Perfect

1.

2.

3.

1. 1.

ENGLISH1. verbs

2. am/is/are verbing

3. do verb; does verbPrincipal Part Needed to Form I or II1st Person Singular = I -

2nd Person Singular = you -

3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it -

1st Person Plural = we -

2nd Person Plural = you -

3rd Person Plural = they -

Infinitive-

Imperative Sing.-

Imperative Plur.-



ENGLISH1. verbs

2. am/is/are

verbing

3. do verb; does

verb

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1. 1.

Principal Part Needed to Form I or II1st Person Singular = I -ō

--bō -am

2nd Person Singular = you

-s- - -

3rd Person Sing.

= he, she, it -t- - -

1st Person Plural = we -mus

- - -

2nd Person Plural = you -tis

- - -

3rd Person Plural = they -nt

- - -



ENGLISH1. verbs

2. am/is/are

verbing

3. do verb; does

verb

1. was/were verbing

2. used to verb3. kept verbing4. verbed (repeatedly)5. tried to verb6. began to verb

1. will verb

1. will verb

Principal Part Needed to Form I or II I or II I or II I or II1st Person Singular = I -ō -bam -bō -am2nd Person Singular = you

-s -bās -bis -ēs3rd Person Sing.

= he, she, it -t -bat -bit -et1st Person Plural = we -mus -bāmus -bimus -

ēmus

2nd Person Plural = you -tis -bātis -bitis -ētis3rd Person Plural = they -nt -bant -bunt -ent


ENGLISH1.

2.

3.

1. 1.

Principal Part Needed to Form

III1st Person Singular = I -ī

- -


- - -

3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it

- - -

1st Person Plural = we

- - -

2nd Person Plural = you

- - -

3rd Person Plural = they

- - -

Perfect Pluperfect Future PerfectENGLISH 1. verbed

(once/simply)

2. has/have verbed3. did verb (once/simply)

1. had verbed

1. will have verbed

Principal Part Needed to Form III III III1st Person Singular = I -ī -eram -erō2nd Person Singular = you -istī -erās -eris3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it -it -erat -erit1st Person Plural = we -imus -erāmus -erimus2nd Person Plural = you -istis -erātis -eritis3rd Person Plural = they -ērunt -erant -eruntInfinitive = “to” -isse

PresentENGLISH

1. am/is/are verbed

2. am/is/are being

verbedPrincipal Part Needed to Form I or II1st Person Singular = I -

2nd Person Singular = you -

3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it -

1st Person Plural = we -

2nd Person Plural = you -

3rd Person Plural = they -

Infinitive-

Imperative Sing.-

Imperative Plur.-

PASSIVE ENDINGS

PresentENGLISH

1. am/is/are verbed

2. am/is/are being

verbedPrincipal Part Needed to Form I or II1st Person Singular = I -or2nd Person Singular = you -ris3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it -tur1st Person Plural = we -mur2nd Person Plural = you -minī3rd Person Plural = they -nturInfinitive -rī (3rd = ī)

Imperative Sing. -re

Imperative Plur. -minī

PASSIVE ENDINGS



ENGLISH1. am/is/are

verbed

2. am/is/are

being verbed

1.

2.

3.

4.

1.

Principal Part Needed to Form I or II1st Person Singular = I

- - -bor -


- - - -

3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it

- - - -

1st Person Plural = we

- - - -

2nd Person Plural = you

- - - -

3rd Person Plural = they

- - - -



ENGLISH 1. am/is/are verbed

2. am/is/are being verbed

1. was/were (being) verbed

2. used to be verbed3. kept being verbed4. tried to be verb5. began to be verbed

1. will be verbed 1. will be verbed

Principal Part Needed to Form I or II I or II I or II I or II1st Person Singular = I

-or -bar -bor -ar2nd Person Singular = you -ris -bāris -beris -ēris3rd Person Sing. = he, she, it -tur -bātur -bitur -etur1st Person Plural = we

-mur -bāmur -bimur -ēmur2nd Person Plural = you

-minī -bāminī -biminī -ēminī

3rd Person Plural = they -ntur -bantur -buntur -

entur


1.

2.

3.

1. 1.

IV

IV + sumus IV + erāmus IV + erimus

IV + esse

PASSIVE ENDINGS

Perfect Pluperfect Future Perfect1. has/have been verbed

2. was/ were verbed (once/simply)

1. had been verbed 1. will have been verbed

IV IV IVIV + sum IV + eram IV + erō

IV + es IV + erās IV + erisIV + est IV + erat IV + eritIV + sumus IV + erāmus IV + erimusIV + estis IV + erātis IV + eritisIV + sunt IV + erant IV + eruntIV + esse

1. Principal parts + meaning: vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus/a/um = to call

Conjugation #: 1st Person: 3rd Number: Pl. Gender: Feminine

tenses, etc.

↓

Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE

translation

Latin PASSIVE PASSIVE

translation

Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect ==

Pluperfect ==

Future

Perfect

= =

Present Infinitive = =

Perfect Infinitive = =

Imperative Sing. = re =

Imperative Plural = minī =

II. Verb Synopses – A great way to practice verb forms !!!

2. Principal parts + meaning: videō, vidēre, vīdī, visus/a/um = to see

Conjugation #: 2nd Person: 2nd Number: Sing. Gender: Masculine

tenses, etc. ↓ Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE

translation


translation

Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect ==

Pluperfect ==

Future

Perfect

= =





3. Principal parts + meaning: vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus/a/um = to conquer

Conjugation #: 3rd Person: 3rd Number: Singular Gender: Masc.


translation

Latin PASSIVE PASSIVE translation

Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect ==

Pluperfect

=

=

Future

Perfect

= =





4. Principal parts + meaning: feriō, ferīre, ferīvī, feritus/a/um = to strikeConjugation #: 4th Person: 1st Number:

Singular Gender: M


translation


Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect

=

=

Pluperfect

=

=

Future

Perfect

= =





5. Principal parts + meaning: trādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus/a/um = to hand over, surrender Conjugation #: 3rd Person: 1st Number: Pl. Gender: F

tenses, etc. ↓ Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE translation Latin PASSIVE PASSIVE translation

Present= =

Imperfect= =

Future= =

Perfect ==

Pluperfect ==

Future

Perfect

==

Present

Infinitive

= =

Perfect

Infinitive

= =

Imperative

Sing.

= re =

Imperative

Plural

= minī =

6. Principal parts + meaning: iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus/a/um = to order

Conjugation #: 2nd Person: 2nd Number: Plural Gender: M


translation


Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect

=

=

Pluperfect

=

=

Future

Perfect

= =





7. Principal parts + meaning: accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptus/a/um = to receiveConjugation #: 3rd-io Person: 2nd Number: Singular Gender: F

tenses, etc.

↓

Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE

translation


translation

Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect ==

Pluperfect ==

Future

Perfect

= =





8. Principal parts + meaning: audiō, audīre, audīvī, auditus/a/um = to hearConjugation #: 4th Person: 3rd Number: Plural Gender: Neuter


translation


translation

Present = =

Imperfect = =

Future = =

Perfect

=

=

Pluperfect

=

=

Future

Perfect

= =



Imperative Sing. = re =Imperative Plural = minī =

1. Principal parts + meaning: vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus/a/um = to call

Conjugation #: 1st Person: 3rd Number: Pl. Gender: Feminine

tenses, etc.

↓

Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE

translation


translation

Present vocant = they call, they are calling vocantur = they are being called

Imperfect vocābant = they were calling, they used

to call

vocābantur = they were (being) called

Future vocābunt = they will call vocābuntur = they will be called

Perfect vocāvērunt = they (have) called, they

did call

vocātae sunt = they have been called

Pluperfectvocāverant = they had called

vocātae erant = they had been called

Future

Perfect

vocāverint = they will have calledvocātae erunt = they will have been

called

Present Infinitive vocāre = to call vocārī = to be called

Perfect Infinitive vocāvisse = to have called vocātae esse = (to have been called)

Imperative Sing. vocā = call (!) vocāre = be called (!)

Imperative Plural vocāte = call (!) vocāminī = be called (!)

II. Verb Synopses – ANSWERS

2. Principal parts + meaning: videō, vidēre, vīdī, visus/a/um = to see

Conjugation #: 2nd Person: 2nd Number: Sing. Gender: Masculine

tenses, etc. ↓ Latin ACTIVE ACTIVE translation Latin PASSIVE PASSIVE translation

Present vidēs = you (do) see, you are seeing vidēris = you are being seen (seem)

Imperfect vidēbas = you were seeing, you used to

see

vidēbāris = you were (being) seen (seemed)

Future vidēbis = you will see vidēberis = you will be seen (seem)

Perfect vīdistī = you (have) seen, you did see visus es = you have been seen (seemed)

Pluperfectvīderas = you had seen

visus eras = you had been seen (seemed)

Future Perfectvīderis = you will have seen

visus eris = you will have been seen

(seemed)Present Infinitive vidēre = to see vidērī = to be seen, to seemPerfect Infinitive vīdisse = (to have seen) visus esse = to have been seen/to have

seemedImperative Sing. vidē = see (!) vidēre = be seen, Seem (!)Imperative Plural vidēte = see (!) vidēminī = be seen, Seem (!)

3. Principal parts + meaning: vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus/a/um = to conquerConjugation #: 3rd Person: 3rd Number: Singular Gender: Masc.


translation


translation

Present vincit = he conquers, he is conquering vincitur = he is (being) conquered

Imperfect vincēbat = he was conquering, he used

to conquer

vincēbatur = he was (being) conquered

Future vincēt = he will conquer vincētur = he will be conquered

Perfect vicit = he (has) conquered, he did

conquer

victus est = he has been conquered

Pluperfectvicerat = he had conquered

victus erat = he had been conquered

Future

Perfect

vicerit = he will have conqueredvictus erit = he will have been

conqueredPresent Infinitive vincere = to conquer vincī = to be conqueredPerfect Infinitive vicisse = to have conquered victus esse = (to have been

conquered)Imperative Sing. vince = conquer (!) vincere = be conquered (!)Imperative Plural vincite = conquer (!) vinciminī = be conquered (!)

4. Principal parts + meaning: feriō, ferīre, ferīvī, feritus/a/um = to strikeConjugation #: 4th Person: 1st Number: Singular Gender: M


translation

Latin PASSIVEPASSIVE translation

Present feriō = I strike, I am striking ferior = I am (being) struck

Imperfect feriēbam = I was striking, I used to

strike

feriēbar = I was (being) struck

Future feriam = I will strike feriar = I will be struck

Perfect ferīvī = I (have) struck, I did strike ferītus sum = I have been struck

Pluperfectferīveram = I had struck

ferītus eram = I had been struck

Future

Perfect

ferīvero = I will have struckferītus ero = I will have been struck

Present Infinitive ferīre = to strike ferīrī = to be struckPerfect Infinitive ferīvisee = to have struck ferītus esse = (to have been struck)Imperative Sing. ferī = strike (!) ferīre = be struck (!)Imperative Plural ferīte = strike (!) feriminī = be struck (!)

Nouns and Declensions

A noun is a:

Underline the nouns in the following sentences and above each noun write “Nom” if it is the subject of the sentence, “Acc” if it is the direct object, “Dat.” if it is the indirect object, “Gen” if it shows possession, “ABL” if it is an object of a with/from/by/in prepositional phrase, “Acc” if it the object of an idea of motion towards, “Voc” if the noun is being addressed directly, and lastly “Nom” if the noun is used as a complement with a linking verb

1. Percy slew the minotaur with his sword.

2. Percy is a demigod or a half-blood.

3. Percy is the son of the god, Poseidon.

Underline the nouns in the following sentences and above each noun write “Nom” if it is the subject of the sentence, “Acc” if it is the direct object, “Dat.” if it is the indirect object, “Gen” if it shows possession, “ABL” if it is an object of a with/from/by/in prepositional phrase, “Acc” if it the object of an idea of motion towards, “Voc” if the noun is being addressed directly, and lastly “Nom” if the noun is used as a complement with a linking verb

4. Percy lives on Long Island, then moved from his home to Camp Half-Blood.

5. A centaur gave a special pen to Percy, and this pen could turn into a sword.

6. “O Annabeth, how can I ever thank you and Jasper for saving my life?”

7. Annabeth’s mother, Athena, gave her daughter the power of wisdom.

Define the following noun uses. Remember some noun uses play off on the verb.

1a. Subject

1b. Complement

2. Possessor

3. Indirect Object

4. Direct Object

5. Object in a Prepositional Phrase (with, from, by, in)

6. Direct Address:

LATIN CASE

FUNCTION(S) of CASE TRANSLATION

Nominative 1. subject 2. complement (none)

Genitive

Dative

Accusative

Ablative

Vocative

In the chart below give the function(s) for each Latin case. Also give the basic translation

Explain what a case is: A declension is a system of noun case endings. In Latin there are 5 different declensions. So, a Latin noun belongs to one of the 5 declensions, and to that one only.

Identify the declension of the following words. hasta, hastae_______ murus, -ī_______ ager, agr ī _______cibus, cibi_______ senex, senis_______ vīna, vīnae_______ aqua, aquae_______ domina, dominae_______ annus, annī _______liber, librī_______ hortus, horti_______ lux, lucis_______pater, patris_______ mater, matris_______ narrator, -is _______oculus, -ī_______ magister, magistrī_______gladius, -ī_______

Case/Number 1st Declension(feminine mostly)

2nd Declension(masculine

mostly)

3rd DeclensionNouns

(fem & masc)

3rd DeclensionAdjectives

(fem & masc)Nom/VocSingular

- Nom:Voc:

- -

Genitive Singular

- - - -

Dative Singular

- - - -

Accusative Singular

- - - -

Ablative Singular

- - - -

Nom/VocPlural

- - - -

Genitive Plural

- - - -

Dative Plural

- - - -

Accusative Plural

- - - -

Ablative Plural

- - - -

The 1st Declension

How can you recognize a 1st Decl. Noun?

What gender are most 1st declension nouns?

CASE SINGULARENDINGS

PLURALENDINGS

Here are some 1st declension nouns!aqua, aquae F.- water

auriga, aurigae M. - charioteerfemina, feminae F.– woman, wife

insula, insulae F. – islandpuella, puellae F. – girl

scriba, scribae M. - scribesilva, silvae F. – forest, woods

terra, terrae F. – earth, landvia, viae F. – road, way, street

vita, vitae F.- life

Nominative - -

Genitive - -

Dative - -

Accusative - -

Ablative - -

Vocative - -

The 1st Declension

Decline hasta, hastae F “spear” in all cases singular & plural & translate into English.

CASE/NUMBER LATIN FORMS ENGLISH TRANSLATION

Nominative Sing. hast spear

Genitive Singular hast spear

Dative Singular hast spear

Accusative Sing. hast spear

Ablative Singular hast spear

Vocative Singular hast spear

Nominative Plural hast spears

Genitive Plural hast spears

Dative Plural hast spears

Accusative Plural hast spears

Ablative Plural hast spears

Vocative Plural hast spears

The 2nd DeclensionHow can you recognize a 2nd Decl. noun?

Masculine Here are some 2nd declension nouns!

NeuterCASE SINGULA

RENDINGS

PL.ENDINGS

SINGULAR

ENDINGS

PL.ENDING

S

Nominative - -puer, puerī M.- boy; (pl.)

children-

Genitive - -hortus, hortī M. - garden

-

Dative - -lupus, lupī M. - wolf

-

Accusative - -ager, agrī M. - field

-

Ablative - -saxum, saxī N. – rock

-

Vocative - -macellum, macellī N. –

market -

Decline ursus magnus, ursī magnī M “the big bear” in all cases & translate into English.


Nominative Sing. ursus magnus

the big bear

Genitive Singular ursī magnī the big bearDative Singular urs magn the big bear

Accusative Sing. urs magn the big bearAblative Singular urs magn the big bearVocative Singular urs magn the big bearNominative Plural urs magn the big bearsGenitive Plural urs magn the big bearsDative Plural urs magn the big bearsAccusative Plural urs magn the big bearsAblative Plural urs magn the big bearsVocative Plural urs magn the big bears

The 3rd Declension (Nouns)

How can you recognize a 3rd Decl. noun?

Masculine & Feminine

Here are some 3rd declension nouns!

Neuter


PL.ENDINGS

SINGULARENDINGS

PL.ENDINGS

Nominative - -pater, patris M.- father

-

Genitive - -mater, matris F.- mother

-

Dative - -sidus, sideris N. - star

-

Accusative - -flos, floris M. - flower

-

Ablative - -nox, noctis F. – night

-

Vocative - -lumen, luminis N. – light

-

One good thing about the 3rd declension is that masculine and feminine nouns follow the same pattern. Decline flumen magnum, fluminis magnī N “the big river” in all cases in the chart & translate into English.


Nominative Sing. flumen magnum the big river

Genitive Singular fluminis magnī the big river

Dative Singular flumin magn the big river

Accusative Sing. magn the big river

Ablative Singular flumin magn the big river

Vocative Singular magn the big river

Nominative Plural flumin magn the big river

Genitive Plural flumin magn the big river

Dative Plural flumin magn the big river

Accusative Plural flumin magn the big river

Ablative Plural flumin magn the big river

Vocative Plural flumin magn the big river

How can you recognize a 3rd Decl. adjective?

1 termination (1 for M, F, and Neuter): par, paris

2 termination (most common: 1 for M/F, and 1 for Neuter): fortis, forte

3 termination (1 separate nominative for each gender):

celer, celeris, celere

Termination means how many individual forms in the nominative:

The 3rd Declension Adjectives

Masculine & Feminine

Here are some 3rd declension adjectives!

Neuter


PluralENDINGS

SINGULARENDINGS

PL.ENDINGS

Nominative - - felix, felicis = happy, luckyceler, celeris, celere = fast,

swiftingens, ingentis = hugeimmortalis, immortale =

immortalpar, paris = equal

loquax, loquacis = talkativesilens, silentis = silent

vetus, veteris = oldiuvenis, iuvene = young

-

Genitive - - -

Dative - - -

Accusative - - -

Ablative - - -

Vocative - - -

The 3rd Declension Adjectives

Decline equa celeris, equae celeris F “the fast mare” in all cases in the chart & translate into English.


Nominative Sing. equa celeris the fast mare

Genitive Singular equae celeris the fast mare

Dative Singular equ celer the fast mare

Accusative Sing. equ celer the fast mare

Ablative Singular equ celer the fast mare

Vocative Singular equ celer the fast mare

Nominative Plural equ celer the fast mares

Genitive Pluralequ celer the fast mares

Dative Pluralequ celer the fast mares

Accusative Pluralequ celer the fast mares

Ablative Pluralequ celer the fast mares

Vocative Pluralequ celer the fast mares

Masculine (Feminine) Here are some 4th declension nouns!

How can you recognize a 4th Decl. noun?

Neuter (very few)


PL.ENDINGS

SINGULARENDINGS

PL.ENDINGS

Nominative - - acus, acūs M.- needle -

Genitive - - fructus, frucūs M. - fruit -

Dative - - complexus, complexūs M. - hug

-

Accusative - - manus, manūs F. - hand -

Ablative - - cornū, cornūs N. - horn, wing (army)

-

Vocative - - genū, genūs N. – knee -

The 4th Declension

When you look at a noun (adjective) ending, think of what case it is and number (singular or plural) and gender (feminine, masculine, or neuter). What gender are most 4th declension nouns?



Nominative Sing. exercitus tardus the slow army

Genitive Singular exercitūs tardī

Dative Singular

Accusative Sing.

Ablative Singular

Vocative Singular

Nominative Plural

Genitive Plural

Dative Plural

Accusative Plural

Ablative Plural

Vocative Plural

Decline exercitus tardus, exercitūs tardī M “the slow army” in all cases in the chart & translate into English.

Feminine (Masculine) Here are some 5th declension nouns!


PL.ENDINGS

Nominative - - rēs, rēī F.- thing, matter, circumstances

Genitive - - rēs publica, rēī publicae F.- republic

Dative - - diēs, diēī M.(F)- day

Accusative - - spēs, spēī F.- hope

Ablative - - faciēs, faciēī F.-– appearance

Vocative - - maciēs, maciēī F.- thinness

The 5th Declension

When you look at a noun (adjective) ending, think of what case it is and number (singular or plural) and gender (feminine, masculine, or neuter). What gender are most 5th declension nouns?



Nominative Sing. diēs fēlix (the) lucky day

Genitive Singular diēī fēlicis

Dative Singular

Accusative Sing.

Ablative Singular

Vocative Singular

Nominative Plural

Genitive Plural

Dative Plural

Accusative Plural

Ablative Plural

Vocative Plural

Decline exercitus tardus, exercitūs tardī M “the slow army” in all cases in the chart & translate into English.

review to begin latin 3 honors. presentimperfectfuture for 1 st /2 nd conjugations future for 3 rd -...

Documents

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min3rd person plural

eritis3rd person plural

erimus2nd person plural

mur2nd person plural

or2nd person singular

formiii1st person singular

bimusmus2nd person plural