review& - nptelnptel.ac.in/courses/108108031/module2/lecture10.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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REVIEW
Epoxy resin material different uses
Wire bonding Tape Automated bonding Flip chip 1st level interconnection choices 1st level chip connection choices
Detailed process steps for WB Capillary Wedge Thermocompression Thermosonic Reliability testing Failure modes in WB
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Bump Chip I/OPad
PlatedBeam
Under BumpMetallization
Passivation
IC or Chip
Thermode
(T, F, t)
TAB Inner Lead
Inner LeadMetallization
Polymer
Substrate
Polymer Flex CircuitSolder Joint
Encapsulation
(T, F, t)
Chip
TAB Inner lead bonding
TAB Outer lead bonding
Source: “Fundamentals of MSP” –Rao Tummala
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Thanks and Courtesy: TWI UK
This video clip belongs to TWI UK; used for educaJonal purpose only
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The length of the electrical connec/on between the chip and substrate can be minimized by placing solder bumps on the die, flipping the die over, aligning the solder bumps with the contact pads [wafer bumping] on the substrate, and reflowing the solder balls in a reflow oven.
Flip-‐chip bonding
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Why Underfill for Flip chip SubstrateSubstrate
UnderfillUnderfillEncapsulantEncapsulant
BondBondMetallurgyMetallurgy
Under BumpUnder BumpMetallizationMetallization
SubstrateSubstrateMetallizationMetallization
BumpBump
ChipChip
InterconnectInterconnectSystemSystem
Source: “Fundamentals of MSP” –Rao Tummala
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How to dispense underfill? Capillary method:
BUMP
BOND
UnderfillEncapsulant
SubstrateMetallization
Under BumpMetallization
Source: “Fundamentals of MSP” –Rao Tummala
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Figure: “Fundamentals of MSP” –Rao Tummala
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# Only reflow process ensures self-‐alignment # Thermo-‐compression and Thermo-‐sonic bonding by using conducJve adhesives; heat, pressure and ultrasonic energy; Use of flip-‐chip bonder equipment # Solder bump can be high-‐melJng solder and bond pad on substrate can be low-‐melJng solder # Use of isotropic and anisotropic conducJve adhesives # Anisotropic conducJve adhesives are geTng popular
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HOW ANISOTROPIC CONDUCTIVE ADHESIVE METHODOLOGY WORKS?
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Why UBM at all ?
v To reduce mechanical stress caused by reflow process. v To limit inter-‐diffusion of metals during soldering and aGer. v To strengthen (robustness) of the joint. v The methodology comes more with experience and defects seen with different materials.
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Tutorials
1. What is the chief end-product from front-end processing in semiconductor fab?
2. What are the activities under the head ‘back-end process’?
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3. Identify the arrowed sections:
4. Why is clean room important in semiconductor wafer fabrication? Define clean room classes.
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5. What is CMP? When is it used?
6. What is the mask usually made of?
7. What is the light source for photolithography?
8. What are the metallization methods adopted usually?
9. When does a die become a KGD?
10. What is die bonding?
11. Peripheral and Array bonding? Do you see any significance?
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12. From QFPs to CSPs, there is increase in I/O density. How is this achieved?
13. What is SOC, SIP and SOP?
14. What are first and second level interconnections?
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15. Name the three first-level interconnection choices.
16. What packages result from wire bonding process? Give some examples.
17. Name two metals used for wire bonding.
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18. What are the two bonding methods in TAB?
19. What is C4 process?
20. Draw the cross-section of a flip chip attachment.
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21. Is flip chip a package? Why not?
22. Name the two wire bonding tools.
23. How is TAB encapsulated?
24. What is COB? What is a glob-top?
25. What is UBM? Why is it essential for a flip-chip?
Further queries on this chapter? Write to: [email protected]