Review for Final Exam

Contents

• 5 questions (20 points each) + 1 bonus question (20 points)– Basic concepts in Chapters 1-4– Chapters 5-9– Bonus: Chapter 5

• Question types– Write down the output of the code– Write the code– Debug errors in the code

• Review– Lecture slides– Exercises (1)~(19) in class (on the course Web page)– Review problems for final exam (on the course Web page)

2

Time & Place & Event

• Time: 5:45pm - 7:30 pm, May 7 (Tuesday)

• Place: Science 3.212

• Closed-book exam– You can take a piece of cheating paper with A4

size

– Write down whatever that you think is important (on both sides) with any font size

3

Chapter 2: Basic Elements of C++

• Special symbols, keywords, rules of identifiers• Basic data types

– int, float, double, char, string• Operators

– Arithmetic operators and their precedence• +, -, *, /, %, +=, -=, *=, /=

– Increment/decrement operator• ++, --

• Declaration of variables – int first=13, second=10;– char ch=' ';

• Input/Output statement– cin and cout

4

Chapter 3: Input/Output

• Declaration of input/output stream

• Usage of cin and cout (as well as other istream/ostream variables)

5

Chapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection)

• Relational operators and precedence– Comparison operators

• <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=

• String comparison

– Logical operators• &&, | |

• Evaluation of logical expression

6

Chapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection, cont'd)

• Syntax and usage of the selection structure– One-way selection: if () { }

• Compound statements

– Two-way selection: if () { } else { }

7

Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition)

• Repetition structure– Syntax and usage of the "for" loop

– The nested for loop

8

Chapters 6 & 7: User-Defined Functions

• Two types of user-defined functions– Value-returning functions and void functions– Differences

• Syntax of function heading

• Function prototype– Function heading without the body of the function–

9

Chapters 6 & 7: User-Defined Functions (cont'd)

• Function call – Use function name together with the actual parameter

list

• Two types of formal parameters– Value parameters– Reference parameters– Differences

• Scope of an identifier– Local identifier– Global identifier

10

Chapters 6 & 7: User-Defined Functions (cont'd)

• Function overloading– several functions with the same name but different

parameter lists

• Default parameters in function prototype– Places of default values

– Default values cannot be assigned to reference parameters

– See legal and illegal examples in lecture slides

11

Chapter 8: User-Defined Simple Data Types, Namespaces, and the string Type• Syntax of declaring an enumeration data type

• Syntax of declaring a namespace

• String data type– Syntax of declaring and initializing a string

variable• string name = "William Jacob";

– Syntax of accessing characters in the string using array subscript operator []

• name[0]

12

Chapter 8: User-Defined Simple Data Types, Namespaces, and the string Type

(cont'd)• Basic operations/methods of string data type

– str = name + " Day";– name.length()

13

Chapter 9: Arrays and Strings*

• Declaration and initialization of arrays– Syntax and usage– Accessing array components

• array subscripting operator [ ]– How to use for loops to access array elements

• for (i = 0; i < 100; i++)• Initialization: list[i] = 0.0;• read data: cin >> list[i]; • Print data: cout << list[i];• Search a key item from the array• find the sum, average, largest • See lecture slides

14

int num[5];

Chapter 9: Arrays and Strings* (cont'd)

• Array initialization during the declaration – double sales[] = {12.25, 32.50, 16.90, 23, 45.68};

– int list[10] = {0};– int list[10] = {8, 5, 12};– int list[] = {5, 6, 3};– int list[25]= {4, 7};– See lecture slides

• Restrictions of array– Does not allow aggregate operations– Must use for loop to copy from one array to another

15

Chapter 9: Arrays and Strings* (cont'd)

• C-String (character array)– C-strings are null-terminated ('\0') character arrays– Declaration and initialization

• char name[16] = "John";• char name[] = "John";

– Access the character in the C-String• name[0] ~ name[3]• '\0' is not counted at the length of the C-String

• Parallel arrays– Two (or more) arrays holding related information in the

corresponding components• 2-dimensional arrays

16

Good Luck!Good Luck!

Q/AQ/A