Review

• Water is __________________• Attractive force between particles of the same

kind. ____________________• Attractive force between unlike substances.

_______________________• In a mixture of water and cool-aid which

would be the solute and which would be the solvent?

What are the structure and function of the 4 macromolecules?

Section 6.4

Organic vs. Inorganic

• Organic Chemistry = carbon chemistry

• Macromolecules are carbon based

Carbohydrates

• Chemical composition: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio

• C6H12O6

• Is C24H48O24 a carbohydrate?

• Monosaccharides are monomers of carbohydrates.

• Two monosaccharides= disaccharide

Many Monosaccharides= polysaccharide

• Starch is a polysaccharide and plants store it as starch

Carbohydrates function in living things

• Main source of energy in all living things

Nucleic Acids

• Contains the 5 elements- Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, hydrogen, and oxygen

• The monomers or building blocks of Nucleic Acids are nucleotides

Nucleotides are composed of. . .

• Function in Living Things - Stores hereditary information• Examples: DNA and RNA

Ticket out the Door

• What is the chemical composition of carbohydrates and what is the ratio?

• Give an example of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide

• Draw a picture of the monomer for nucleic acids.

• What is the monomer for carbohydrates?

• What 3 elements compose carbohydrates?

• What are the two types of nucleic acids?

• Tell me something you already know about lipids.

• Building Blocks:– Lipids are made of

fatty acids and glycerol.

• Examples:– Phospholipids– Waxes– Triglycerides• Saturated • Unsaturated

– Steroids• Hormones • Cholesterol

Why are lipids important?

Primary function is to store energy!

• Waterproof covering (surfaces of leaves)

• Protection (earwax)

Proteins

• Chemical Composition• Carbon, hydrogen,

oxygen and nitrogen

• Building Blocks • Amino acids linked

together by peptide bonds

Peptide Bond

Proteins

• R-group in amino acids determine the structure of the protein.

• 1st- # of a.a. and their order• 2nd- 3-D shape• 3rd- Globular• 4th- combine with other proteins

Why proteins are important

• Function in Living Things: Skin and muscles are made largely of proteins

• Enzymes are proteins.• Structural support of cells• Cell communication• Cell growth

Macromolecules Lab

• Benedict’s Solution-Test for Sugars (simple carb.)

• Lugol’s Solution-Test for Starch (complex carb.)

• Biuret Solution-Test for Protein

• Paper Towel -Test for Lipids