Review 2nd Exam: Introduction to World History

• Post-War Europe, 1919-1939

• Italy and the Rise of Fascism

• Germany (Weimar Republic and Nazism)

• United States/Latin America/Middle East

• Japan and China

• Stalin’s Russia

• Spanish Civil War

• Road to War: Appeasement

• Crises in Austria and Czechoslovakia

• From beginning of WWII to 1941.

Review Session: Readings

Readings you will be responsible for on the exam:

Readings from Sources of Twentieh Century Global History: Chapters 3-5, 7-8.

J.A. Grenville, A History of the World, Part III, Chapters 15-18; Part IV, Chapters 19-25; Part V., Chapter 26.

Post-War Europe

Peace Treaties: Versailles, etc.

New Europe vs. Old Europe (New countries)

Liberalism and alternative political/economic systems: Communism, Fascism, Authoritarianism (examples?)

Fate of Great Power system

Italy in the post-war era: rise of fascism (causes and consequences, 1919-1934)

What is fascism? Major ideological tenets: Statism, Corporatism, Anti-Enlightenment, Belief in Violence…

Role of Mussolini (Il Duce)?

Germany

Germany in the post-war era: rise of Nazism, Weimar interlude.

Communist uprising, 1919

Right-wing coup attempts, 1920,1923.

Define Weimar Republic (dates?) and know about political, economic, social circumstances which gave rise to extremist movements.

World Outside Europe

United States in post-war era: From Wilsonian idealism to

Prohibition (beginning and end), “Roaring Twenties,” Economic prosperity and political isolationism.

Great Depression, 1929

F.D. Roosevelt and the “New Deal”, 1932-1945

“Good Neighbor” policy (Latin America)

Latin America

Mexico

Depression in L.A.

Liberalism and Fascism in L.A. (Brazil)

Middle East

Imperial Interests: Sykes-Picot (1916), Balfour Declaration (1917), Post-war treaties (Sèvres, 1920/Lausanne, 1923)

Modern Turkey – Mustafa Pasha/Kemal Ataturk

Japan and China

Japanese expansion, 1920s and 1930s

Relations with West: Ending of Anglo-Japanese alliance, 1923 (Washington Naval Conference, 1921-1922).

Manchukuo, 1932

War with China, 1937

“Rape of Nanking”

China

Sun Yat-Sen’s death (1925) results in rise of his protégé, Chiang Kai-Shek.

Kuomintang’s, KMT efforts to unify China

Formation of PCC, 1921

“Northern Expedition,” 1927 – Cooperation between Kuomintang and Chinese Communists never materializes.

1937 -- Rape of Nanjing: China goes to war with Japan.

Chinese Response to Japanese invasion

Soviet Union, 1924-1939

Russia in the post- Civil War era

Main features of Stalin’s political/economic system (“Socialism in one country”)

Stalin’s foreign policy: Isolationism, 1924-1935; Popular Front, 1935-1939; “Alliance” with Germany, 1939-1941.

Spanish Civil War

Second Republic, 1931-1936

Civil War, 1936-1939

Republican parties?

Nationalist parties?

Franco and Nationalists (relations with Germany and Italy)

Non-Intervention (1936) and its impact

Facing the Dictators

Great Britain and France

Domestic responses to Great Depression

Foreign Policies: Appeasement strategy

Inter-war Crises: Anschluss/Czechoslovakia, 1938-1939

Germany’s annexation of Austria (March, 1938)

Hitler’s efforts to annex Sudetenland (Spring-Summer, 1938)

Fate of Czechoslovakia (Munich Agreement, 30 September 1938)

End of “Appeasement”? (Anglo-Polish Agreement, March, 1939)

First stage of SWW

Mussolini invades and annexes Albania – April, 1939

Soviet-Nazi pact, August, 1939

Invasion of Poland, 1 September, 1939

Russo-Finnish War, 1939-1940

Scandinavian War, April-May, 1940

Fall of France, May-June, 1940

Battle of Britain, August-October, 1940

First stage, cont.

U.S. and Lend-Lease (March, 1941)

Battle of the Atlantic

Italy’s Parallel War (October, 1940)

Invasion of Balkans/North Africa