rev 3.095-1 human physiology and alcohol. rev 3.095-2 physiology of alcohol the biological science...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-1
Human Physiology and Alcohol
![Page 2: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-2
Physiology of Alcohol
• The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities & functions
• Endogenous Alcohol
• Absorption
• Distribution
• Elimination
![Page 3: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-3
Physiology Overview
• Endogenous alcohol production
• Absorption
• Distribution
• Elimination• metabolism
• excretion
![Page 4: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-4
Routes of Alcohol
• Inhalation
• Injection
• Absorption
• Insertion
• Ingestion
![Page 5: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-5
Gastrointestinal Tract Absorption
• Mouth • 5 %
• Stomach • 25%
• Small Intestine • 70%
![Page 6: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Absorption and Distribution
![Page 7: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-7
Absorption Process
• Passive process
• Migrate from HIGH concentration to LOW concentration
• Migrates as unchanged molecule
• Across cell membranes
• Enters blood supply- circulatory system to affect body
![Page 8: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-8
x x x x x x x x x x x x
x xGastric
Blood Stream
Cell Membrane
High Conc Low Conc
Migration of ETOH
![Page 9: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-9
Distribution
• Alcohol distributed throughout body by circulatory system blood supply
• Some organs receive more volume blood than others
• some organs and body parts have more water content than others
![Page 10: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-10
A person with a BrAC of 0.100…
• Urine 1.35%
• Brain 1.17%
• Blood Plasma 1.16%
• Saliva 1.12%
• Liver 0.91%
• Fat Tissue 0.02%
Distribution
![Page 11: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-11
ETOH Distribution Pathways
Representation of Ethyl Alcohol Distribution Pathways
![Page 12: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Male vs Female
Each man consumes
One fluid ounce
Of Ethyl Alcohol
200# Male = 136% water 100# Male = 68% water
200# man must consume twice as much as the 100# man to attain the same alcohol concentration
100# male = 68% water 100# female = 55% water
______________________________________________________________________________________________
100 # male must consume more alcohol than the 100# female to attain the same alcohol concentration
More alcohol per pound of water in 100# male than 200# male
More alcohol per pound of water in 100# female than 100# male
![Page 13: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-13
Elimination (Part 1)
• Metabolism• Alcohol Dehydrogenase Enzyme ADH• Produced by liver
• Oxidizes or burns alcohol molecule
• 95-98% alcohol in body is metabolized
• Rate of 1 drink per hour, about 0.015
?? 0.150 BrAC how long to reach 0.000 BrAC ??
![Page 14: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-14
Elimination (Part2)
• Direct Excretion– Alcohol directly excreted or passed out of body
by:• Urine
• Sweat
• tears
• saliva
![Page 15: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-15
When drinking rate exceeds elimination rate, the brain becomes sedated
Alcohol In / Out
![Page 16: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-16
Widmark Formula
• Eric Widmark Swedish scientist
• Formula or Graph describes BAC level
• Describes different phases
• how many drinks in body at the time of the test
• Dose related concept
• Body weight
• %BAC x Body Weight x 0.33 = # of drinks
![Page 17: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ESTIMATED AMOUNT OF 80 PROOF LIQUOR NEEDED TO REACH GIVEN LEVELS OF ALCOHOL IN THE BLOOD
![Page 18: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-18
Widmark Graph
• Three parts of blood alcohol curve– absorptive phase
– peak phase
– elimination phase
![Page 19: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-19Time
Peak
Elimination Phase
Absorption Phase
General Alcohol Concentration CurveA
lcoh
ol
Con
cen
tra t
ion
![Page 20: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-20
Factors affecting Widmark curve
• Food in the stomach
• Amount or number of drinks consumed
• Body weight
• Time
![Page 21: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-21
Elimination Rate*
7 PM 8 PM 9 PM 10 PM
11 PM
12 AM 1 AM 2 AM 3 AM 4 AM 5 AM 6 AM 7 AM
Absorption Elimination
.150
.100
.050
.000
.080
* 150 LBS person drinking on an empty stomach
.150
.100
.080
.050
.000
Hours 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
Stops Drinking
.090
.120
Legally Intoxicated
Legally Impaired
![Page 22: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-22Time
EMPTY STOMACH
FULL STOMACH
Ethanol Absorption: Effect of Food in the Stomach
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
![Page 23: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-23
Dose Related
10 DRINKS
5 DRINKS
TIME
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
![Page 24: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-24
110 LBS
220 LBS
TIME
Body Weight
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
![Page 25: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-25
10 DRINKS
ONE HOUR
10 DRINKS TEN HOURS
TIME
Time Related
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
![Page 26: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-26Time
Arrest Test
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
Alcohol Concentration LOWER at the Time of Test than at Time of Arrest
![Page 27: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-27Time
Arrest Test
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
Alcohol Concentration THE SAME at the Time of Test and Arrest
![Page 28: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-28
Arrest Test
Alc
ohol
C
once
ntr
a tio
n
Time
Alcohol Concentration HIGHER at the Time of Test than Time of Arrest
![Page 29: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-29
![Page 30: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
PHARMACOLOGY OF ALCOHOL
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON THE HUMAN BODY
![Page 31: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-31
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL
• DEPRESSANT - NOT A STIMULANT• DOSE RELATED
• more drinks,greater influence, increased impairment
• AFFECTS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM• brain
![Page 32: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Myths vs Facts
alcohol It is a Stimulant
It has Nutrients
It increases Mental and
Physical ability
In given amounts alcohol
affects individuals in the
same way
There are ways to sober
up quickly
Any amount will cause
bodily damage
It is a Depressant
It has Calories
It decreases Mental and
Physical ability
In given amounts alcohol
affects individuals in different
ways
Time is the only way to sober
up
It will cause bodily damage if
consumed in excess
![Page 33: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Greek & Roman Banquets
![Page 34: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
First Description of Effects of Wine by Eubulus
Health Revel
Pleasure Black Eyes
Sleep To Policemen
Violence Biliousness
Uproar Hurling Furniture
![Page 35: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-35
EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL
VISIBLE SIGNS
VS
INVISIBLE SIGNS
![Page 36: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-36
Sequ
ence of M
ental G
rowth
1 Vital Functions 3
2 Muscle Control 2
3 Higher Learning 1 Center
Pro
gres
sion
of
Eth
anol
’s S
edat
ive
Eff
ects
Ethanol and Your Brain
Higher Learning
Vital Functions
Muscle Control
![Page 37: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Stages of Intoxication
Begins Ends
Sobriety 0.00 0.05
Euphoria 0.03 0.12
Excitement 0.09 0.25
Confusion 0.18 0.30
Stupor 0.27 0.40
Coma 0.35 0.50
Death 0.35 0.50
![Page 38: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-38
VISABLE SIGNS
• Confusion• Sleepiness• Disorderly/sloppy appearance• Slurred, thick tongued speech• Nausea • Red, flushed face• Glassy, watery eyes, staring
![Page 39: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-39
Rel
ativ
e P
rob
abil
ity
.00 .02 .04 .06 .08 .10 .12 .14 .16 .18
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
%BAC
Relative Probability
of Causing an Accident
The Role of Alcohol in Traffic Accidents(The Grand Rapids Study)
![Page 40: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-40
![Page 41: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-41
Physiology of RespirationVital Processes
• Function of Respiration
• Mechanism of Respiration
• Alveolar Sac
• Henry’s Law
![Page 42: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-42
Blood
Gas Exchange
C2H5OH Lung Space
Exchange of ETOH Between Blood & Breath
in the Alveolar Sacs of the Lungs
![Page 43: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-43
Air In /Air Out
Y
0
![Page 44: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-44
Henry’s Law:The vapor pressure that a gas exerts above a liquid is directly proportional to the weight of the gas dissolved in the liquid at 34° C.
• Chemical principle
• partitioning ratio between gas and liquid phase
• occurs at equilibrium• balance, no net change
• occurs at 34oC
• occurs in a breath sample
![Page 45: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-45
Henry’s Law
• Simulator at 34ºC
• alcohol and water mixture
• 1 to 2100 ratio for alcohol
• Similar to breath sample
• Higher temp = higher reading
• lower temp = lower reading
![Page 46: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-46
Liquid to Vapor
x xx x x x x xx x x x x x x xxx xxx xxx
Head Space – Measure alcohol in air
Measure liquid or alcohol in water using a
1/2100 proportion
2100 molecules
@ 34ºC equilibrium is reached between liquid and vapor
210L
100ml
x
2100 molecules
1 molecule
x x x x xx xx x x x xx xx xx xx x x
![Page 47: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-47
Alcohol in Solution Alcohol in Vapor
2100 molecules 1 molecule
4200 molecules 2 molecules
6300 molecules 3 molecules
8400 molecules 4 molecules
10500 molecules 5 molecules
21000 molecules 10 molecules
Henry’s Law
![Page 48: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-48
• The alcohol breath test based on Henrys Law• Breath sample is “End Expiratory Air” from
lungs• Partitioning ratio is 1 to 2100• Breath has 1/ 2100th as much alcohol as found
in blood • Blood has 2100 times as much alcohol as
breath
Henry’s Law
![Page 49: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-49
• Grams of alcohol per
• BrAC = 210 liters breath
• BAC = 100 mls of blood
• Reported as Weight per Volume
• grams alcohol /210 liters breath
• grams alcohol / 100 milliliters blood
Henry’s Law
![Page 50: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-50
Advantages of Breath Testing
• Immediate Results
• Lower Cost
• Non Invasive Procedure
• No Medical Personnel Needed
• Not Possible for Operator to Alter Results
• Fewer Witnesses for Court
![Page 51: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-51
Intoxilyzer BrAC = BAC
The ultimate proof that the Intoxilyzer is an accurate scientific instrument comes from research which shows that simultaneous Blood & Breath tests had similar results.
This type of research is also conducted using a simulator with a known alcohol content. This is the method used for checking the calibration of Intoxilyzers in Colorado.
Ultimate Proof
![Page 52: Rev 3.095-1 Human Physiology and Alcohol. Rev 3.095-2 Physiology of Alcohol The biological science of essential & characteristic life processes, activities](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032800/56649d355503460f94a0bf30/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Rev 3.09 5-52