LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….1.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

RESULTS FOR THE 2017/2018 SEASON MAIZE CULTIVAR

EVALUATION

By Zira Mavunganidze, Dirk Bruwer, Deon Du Toit, Theodora Mathobisa and Thinus Prinsloo

(ARC-Grain Crops, Potchefstroom)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….2.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important grain

crop in South Africa and is produced throughout the

country under different environments. Successful

maize production depends on various factors;

among these is the correct choice of cultivar.

Cultivar selection is one of the critical decisions that

a producer must make each season. Getting maize

variety choice wrong for any particular region can

be costly regarding missed opportunity to produce

the maximum yield from the crop.

The Agricultural Research Council Grain Crops (ARC-

GC) with financial support from the Maize Trust

offers an independent evaluation of cultivars, from

different seed companies, in an attempt to assist

producers to make the right choices regarding

cultivars. Trials were established in five agro-

ecological regions namely Water Tables (Region 1),

West (Region 2), Temperate Eastern Region (Region

3), Cold Eastern Region (Region 4) and KwaZulu-

Natal (Region 5) in collaboration with seed

companies. All the trials were laid out in complete

randomised designs and replicated three times.

Seventy-one medium and long seasonal cultivars

were planted in the western and eastern regions of

the production regions. In the water table region,

33 cultivars were planted, in the western region 40

cultivars, in the temperate eastern region 49

cultivars, the cold eastern region 45 cultivars and 43

cultivars in the KwaZulu-Natal region. Twenty-four

cultivars consisting of short and ultra-short

seasonal growers were planted under irrigation in

the western and eastern production areas.

This report includes data on old and new varieties

added in the 2017/2018 season, allowing

comparison to those already established in the

market. It enables farmers to make variety choice

with consideration to location so that the potential

of the crop can be maximised while also minimising

any environmental impact. Data presented in tables

shows the performance of different cultivars during

the 2017/2018 season. However, cultivar

recommendation cannot be made with one season

data. Multi-season data, which can enable one to

shortlist suitable varieties for any particular farm,

can be obtained from ARC in multi-season data

reports.

Tables 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 illustrate results of

statistical yield data obtained from various growth

conditions, which give a good indication of the

potential of each cultivar. The results provided in

this report are for sites with =/< 20% coefficient of

variation (CV).

The yield probabilities and agronomic traits are

shown in Tables 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14. The yield

probability of a cultivar is the chance to get an

above average yield compared to the average of all

tested cultivars at a particular yield potential. For

instance, if the yield probability of a cultivar, at a

particular yield potential equals 70%, the chance to

get a yield above the mean of all cultivars is seven

out of ten with a three out of ten chance of

obtaining a yield below the mean.

RESULTATE VIR DIE

2017/2018 SEISOEN

MIELIES KULTIVAR

EVALUERING

Deur Zira Mavunganidze, Dirk Bruwer, Deon Du

Toit, Theodora Mathobisa en Thinus Prinsloo

(LNR-GG)

Mielies (Zea mays (L.)) is die mees belangrikste

graangewas in Suid Afrika en word geproduseer oor

die hele land onder verskillende

omgewingstoestande. Suksesvolle mielieproduksie

hang af van verskillende faktore en een hiervan is

die korrekte seleksie van ‘n kultivar. Kultivar

seleksie is een van die kritiese keuses wat ‘n

produsent moet maak elke seisoen. Om ‘n

verkeerde besluit te maak met kultivarkeuse vir ‘n

spesifieke streek kan baie duur wees vanweë

verlore kanse om die maksimum opbrengs van die

gewas te produseer.

Die Landbounavorsingsraad Graan Gewasse (GG)

bied ‘n onafhanklike evaluasie diens van kultivars

van verskillende saadmaatskappye aan alle

belanghebbendes om te verseker dat produsente

die regte keuse maak met kultivars. Proewe was

gedoen in vyf agro-ekologiese streke naamlik,

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….3.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Watertafels (Streek 1), Weste (Streek 2), Gematigde

ooste (Streek 3), Koue ooste (Streek 4) en KwaZulu

Nata (Streek 5). Alle proewe is uiteengelê as geheel

gerandomiseerd met drie herhalings. Een en

sewentig medium en lang seisoenale kultivars is

geplant in die westelike en oostelike produksie

areas. In die watertafel streek is 33 kultivars

geplant, in die westelike streek 40 kultivars, in die

gematigde oostelike streek 49 kultivars, in die koue

oostelike streek 45 kultivars en 43 kultivars in die

KwaZulu-Natal streek. Vier en Twintig kultivars

bestaande uit kort en ultra-kort seisoenale groeiers

is onder besproeiing geplant in beide die westelike

en oostelike gebiede

Die verslag sluit in resultate van die nuwe kultivars

wat bygevoeg is in die 2017/2018 seisoen wat

vergelyking tussen nuwe en reeds bestaande

kultivars in die mark bewerkstellig. Dit gee

produsente die keuse van geskikte kuItivars met

inagneming van lokaliteit sodat die potensiaal van

die gewas gemaksimaliseer word maar ook om die

impak van omgewingstoestande te minimaliseer.

Resultate in tabelle dui aan die prestasie van

verskillende kultivars gedurende die 2017/2018

seisoen. Goeie kultivarkeuses kan nie gedoen word

met ‘n enkel seisoen se resultate nie. Multi-

seisoenale resultate kan ‘n produsent in staat stel

om ‘n kortlys op te stel van geskikte kultivars end it

kan verkry word van die LNR in multi-seisoenale

verslae.

Tabelle 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 en 13 illustreer resultate van

statistiese opbrengsdata wat verkry is van verskeie

groeikondisiesresultate wat ‘n goeie aanduiding

gee van die potensiaal van elke kultivar. Die

resultate in die verslag is vir lokaliteiete met

koeffisient van variasie (KV) =/< 20%.

Die opbrengsmoontlikheid en agronomiese

eienskappe word weergegee in Tabelle 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,

12 en 14. Die opbrengsmoontlikheid van ‘n kultivar

is die kans om ‘n opbrengs bo die gemiddeld van

alle getoetste kultivars te behaal by ‘n spesifieke

opbrengspotensiaal. Byvoorbeeld, as die

opbrengsmoontlikheid van ‘n kultivar by ‘n

spesifieke opbrengspotensiaal gelyk is aan 70%

beteken dit dat die kultivar ‘n sewe uit tien kans het

om ‘n opbrengs hoër as die gemiddeld van al die

ander kultivars te behaal en ‘n drie uit tien kans om

‘n laer opbrengs te behaal.

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Tabel 1: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die 2017/2018-seisoen op watertafelgronde (Streek 1)

Table 1: Maize yield (t/ha) for the 2017/2018 season: (Watertable - Region 1)

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto; (4)= Pioneer; (5)= Agricol; (6)= Linkseed

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….5.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 2: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappevir

2017/2018-seisoen (Watertafels – Streek 1)

Table 2: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018

season: (Watertable - Region 1)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….6.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 3: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die weste in 2017/2018-seisoen (Wesstreek 2)

Table 3: Maize yield (t/ha) for the west in 2017/2018 season: (Western Region 2)

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto , (4)= Pioneer; (5)= Agricol; (6)= Linkseed; (7)= Klein karoo

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….7.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 4: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappe vir

2017/2018-seisoen (Wesstreek 2)

Table 4: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018

season (Western region 2)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….8.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 5: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die 2017/2018-seisoen vir die gematigde oosstreek (Streek 3)

Table 5: Maize yield (t/ha) for the 2017/2018 season for the temperate east region (Region 3)

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto , (4)= Pioneer; (5)=Agricol; (6)=Linkseed; (7)-Klein karoo; (8)=Seedco

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….9.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 6: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappe vir

2017/2018 seisoen (Gematigde ooste streek 3)

Table 6: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018

season (Temperate region 3)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….10.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 7: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die 2017/2018-seisoen vir die koue oosstreek (Streek 4)

Table 7: Maize yield (t/ha) for the 2017/2018 season for the cold east region (Region 4)

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto; (4)= Pioneer; (5)= Agricol; (6)= Linkseed; (7)= Klein karoo; (8)= Seedco; (9)= DAEA

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….11.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 8: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappe vir 2017/2018 seisoen (Koue oosstreek 4) Table 8: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018 season (Cold East region 4)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….12.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 9: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die 2017/2018-seisoen: KZN (Streek 5) Table 9: Maize yield (t/ha) for the 2017/2018 season: KZN (Region 5)

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto , (4)= Pioneer; (5)= Agricol; (6)= Linkseed; (7)= Klein karoo; (8)= Seedco; (9)= DAEA

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….13.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 10: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappevir 2017/2018-seisoen: (KZN Streek 5) Table 10: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018 season (KZN region 5)

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….14.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 11: Mielie-opbrengs (t/ha) vir die 2017/2018-seisoen: Kort groeiers

Table 11: Maize yield (t/ha) for the 2017/2018 season: Short growers

(1)= LNR; (2)= Pannar; (3)= Monsanto , (4)= Pioneer; (5)= Agricol; (6)= Linkseed; (7)= Klein karoo

LNR GRANGEWASSE ……….15.......... ARC GRAIN CROPS

Tabel 12: Opbrengswaarskynlikheid (%) bo y=x lyn en opsomming van alle agronomiese eienskappe vir 2017/2018-seisoen: Kortgroeiers Table 12: Probability (%) above y = x line and summary of all agronomic characteristics for the 2017/2018: Short growers