Avani Dixit, Disaster Risk Management SpecialistJyoti Pandey, Social Protection Analyst

– Responding to the Earthquake in Nepal –

• Earthquake and the response needs • Housing reconstruction project: Grant & TA• SP in Nepal: Programs, systems and WB interventions • SP’s role in housing program & the beneficiary

identification survey • SP –DRM moving forward

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• A violent earthquake, measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale, hit rural Nepal in April 2015

• About half the damages are in housing, mainly rural houses in areas with high poverty and low connectivity

PDNA: $ 7 B damages and losses, $3.5 B housing • Government needed support to establish a single platform of housing reconstruction

• The day after the earthquake, the World Bank’s DRM and SP teams began coordinating their response

• The DRM team’ expertise - housing construction guidelines, costing, infrastructure• SP team’s expertise - survey design, targeting, payment systems, and grievance mechanisms

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Nepal Rural Housing Reconstruction Program- NPR. 200,000 per eligible households in 3 tranches

(50 K, 100 K, 50 K after inspection) - Modeled after the Pakistan program- Excellent partnership among DPs from the beginning with agreement to

follow the same operations manual

• WB - $ 200 M • JICA ~ $ 100 M • USAID ~ $ 20 M • I/NGOs ~ $ 200 M - Mainly for TA, some for

housing grants

~ 80-90% will go for housing grants~ 10-20% will go for technical assistance

Multi-Donor Trust Fund First contribution – $ 9.6 M Two funding in the pipeline

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Objectives• To restore housing damaged by earthquakes using

earthquake-safe building techniques and materials

Principles• Owner-driven construction • Primarily in-situ reconstruction• Uniform assistance package • Universal coverage • Training and technical assistance for

masons, engineers and house owners• Transparency and accountability 5

Completion

MIS

Comm

unications

Grievances

Monitoring &

Evaluation

Trainings

Survey

Identification& Validation& Enrolment

Payments & Reconstruction(Execution)

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National Reconstruction Authority • Overall planning, policy formulation

and coordination • M&E • Implementation

MOFALD• Financial assistance (Payments) • Environmental and social safeguards • Grievance • Social mobilization and communication

MOUD • Technical Assistance (Trainings, technical information)

• Standards setting • Compliance checking

I/NGOs • Implement technical assistance activities to reach all

households and communities

Common understanding, collective and shared goals, and responsibilities, agreed standards, and approaches

Standardized financial and technical assistance approach 7

Programs• Cash transfers, public works, scholarships and school meals, health subsidies, and

ad hoc disaster relief• Civil service pensions Systems• Manual transfers of cash• Absence of electronic databaseWorld Bank interventions • Piloting of e-payments and Management Information System for Household and

Beneficiary databases

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What?• Housing reconstruction grants to

build resilient housesHow?• Cash transfers & technical

assistance Who?• Identify affected households

Key constraints

• Absence of a household database - beneficiary identification

• Absence of payment infrastructure for e-payments

Opportunities

• MIS infrastructure at MOFALD

• Ongoing conversation on G2P

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1. Beneficiary identification • Stakeholder engagement for the survey • Questionnaire design (the socio-economic and demographic part)• Survey implementation

2. Project design and institutional arrangement • Facilitation of consultation with MOFALD • Input into operations manual: enrolment, grievance, payments, etc.

3. Customization of existing MIS to add housing reconstruction module

4. Payments – Building on ongoing conversation for e-payments of social assistance transfers • Stakeholder consultations/workshops for KYC and pricing• Consultations and partnership with stakeholders – DFID/Sakchyam and UNCDF

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Door to door survey to assess damage and establish a household database in the affected districts

Survey implementation: Led by the Central Bureau of Statistics with support from UNOPS

Data being collected: • Extent of housing damage (each house will be geo-tagged and uniquely

identified in the database)• Demographic data of all household members• Basic socioeconomic data of the households

Robust beneficiary list • Allows effective tracking and monitoring of housing reconstruction and housing grant payments 11

Data management:• Survey data will be housed in the existing MOFALD MIS

(used to manage as social assistance beneficiary database and payments) • Customized to add a housing reconstruction module

Data is being analyzed to identify:• Vulnerable population – female headed HHs, HHs with disabled, etc.• House owners abroad • HHs with missing documents • Landless households and possible resettlement • Share of HHs with bank accounts • Construction types • Geo-technical risks

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• Comprehensive geo-tagged household database enables government to Short run: Target households for any additional support Improve coverage of existing programs

* Improved civil registration to keep the HH database updated

Long run: Better prepare and respond to future disasters based on identified vulnerabilities Track social transfers at HH level and review programs as needed Better overall planning for government based on demographic data

• Better payment infrastructure Supports transition of existing cash transfers to e-paymentsEstablishes basis for quick delivery of transfers in the future

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