respiratory system
DESCRIPTION
Respiratory systemTRANSCRIPT
The Parts of the
Respiratory System
Respiration is the term for exchange of oxygen from the environment for carbon dioxide from the body’s cells. The process of taking air into the lungs is called inhalation or inspiration, and the process of breathing it out is called exhalation or expiration.
In external respiration, oxygen goes to the lungs and then joins the blood through the lung capillaries.
In internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the body tissues.
Respiration involves two phases (Internal/External)
The Parts of the
Respiratory System
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Nostrils :two small opening in the nose where the air passes through.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Nasal cavity :contains cilia that filters the air we breathe.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Pharynx:Passage way of both food and air.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Epiglottis:a flap of tissue that prevents water
and solid materials from entering the windpipe.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Larynx:also known as the voice box.
It contains cords that vibrates and produces sound.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Trachea:also known as the windpipe.
It is made up of cartilages that serves as the passage way of the
air from the nasal cavity to the lungs.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Bronchi: the two branches of the trachea
that enters the lungs.
The Parts of the Respiratory System
Bronchioles: further braches of the bronchi.
It contains the Alveoli at the tips.
The Parts of the Respiratory SystemAlveoli:microscopic air sacs where the exchange of gases happens. It is surrounded by network of capillaries that carries the blood.
The Pathways of Respiration
Nostrils → Nasal Cavity → Pharynx → Epiglottis →Larynx → Trachea
→ Bronchi→ Bronchioles → Alveoli
The Breathing Mechanism
INSPIRATION
The diaphragm contracts and moves downward.
The ribcage moves up and outward.This causes the chest cavity to enlarge.
INSPIRATION
This makes the air pressure outside greater than the inside
This will make the air to rush in
INSPIRATION
EXPIRATION
EXPIRATIONThe diaphragm relaxes and moves upward.The ribcage moves down and inward.This causes the chest cavity to reduce in size.
EXPIRATIONThis makes the air pressure inside greater than the outside.
This will cause the air to be pushed outside the lungs.
How Gas Exchange happens in the Alveoli
oThe blood rich in carbon dioxide goes to the alveoli through the capillaries.oThe carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses to the alveoli.
How Gas Exchange happens in the Alveoli
o The oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses from the alveoli to the blood.
o The oxygenated blood will now travel through the capillaries to the different parts of our body.
How Gas Exchange happens in the Alveoli
Some ailments associated with the Respiratory System
inflammation of the bronchi due to the pathogenic microorganisms or irritating chemicals.
Bronchitis
More Amazing Facts About the Respiratory System
• The exhaling rate is faster in kids than in adults? • The trachea is made out of cartilage shaped rings?• The fastest recorded “ sneeze speed” is 165 km per hour? • It is healthier to breathe through your nose than your mouth, because your nose hairs and mucus clean the air.
Did You Know That...
Inflammation of the lung caused by bacteria, in which the air sacs (alveoli) become filled with inflammatory cells and the lung becomes solid.
Pneumonia
Appropriate antibiotic therapy, based on the clinical situation and on microbiological studies.
Treatment for Pneumonia
it is caused by a certain kind of bacterium that attacks the lungs and some other tissues as well.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is curable by various combinations of antibiotics. Examples: Isoniazid and Rifampicin
Treatment for Tuberculosis
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