Name: Date:Form

HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1.Fill in the blanks with the words provided.

Your lungs are in your _________________, and are protected by your ribs. There are

_________________ between your ribs which can move them in and out. The

__________________ is a sheet of ___________________ at the bottom of the thorax. The

rib muscles and the _____________ can ________________ to make the thorax

__________________ or smaller. These movements get __________________ into and out

of the lungs. This movement of air is called __________________. Air goes down the

________________ into the __________________ and then into the bronchioles. The

breathing tubes end at the alveoli, which are surrounded by __________________.

2.The figure below shows the structure of the human respiratory system. Label the parts correctly.

3. Name three different tubes that air travels through on its way to the lungs.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Air travels from the atmosphere into the nose to the lungs. List the parts it passes through, in the correct sequence.

air bigger bronchi capillaries diaphragm move muscles

thoraxtrachea ventilation

(i)

(h)

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Nose _______________________ _________________________

____________________________

_________________________

____________________________

5. How does the nose help to clean the air we breathe in?

THE HUMAN BREATHING MECHANISM

1. State whether the following statements are about exhalation (E) or inhalation (I).

Intercostal muscles contract. Intercostal muscles relax.

Ribcage moves downward and inward.

Ribcage moves upward and forward.

The diaphragm muscles contracts.

The diaphragm muscles relaxes.

The diaphragm flattens.The diaphragm curves upwards.

Volume of thoracic cavity increases.

Volume of thoracic cavity decreases.

Air pressure in thoracic cavity increases.

Air pressure in thoracic cavity decreases.

Air rushes into the lungs. Air is forced out of the lungs.

2. Use the statements above to complete the flow chart below. Choose EITHER to do exhalation or inhalation.

3. The alveoli in our lungs are very well adapted for its function. State 3 characteristics that make them very efficient in gaseous exchange (refer Text pg 6).

Intercostal muscles ________________________________

Diaphragm muscles ______________________________

Effect : Diaphragm _______________________________

Effect : Ribcage moves ______________________________

Volume of thoracic cavity _____________________________

phase of breathing:

_____________________

_________________

Air pressure in thoracic cavity _________________________

Air moves _________________ the lungs.

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4. Explain each of the following in terms of breathing in and out :

A cough A sigh

A gasp A laugh

A sneeze A shout

TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN IN THE HUMAN BODY

1. Fill in the blanks to explain the diffusion of oxygen from the alveolus into the blood capillaries and from the blood capillaries into the body cells.

2. It is possible to measure the amount of different substances in the air inhaled and the air exhaled. How would you expect the amounts of the following substances to be different in the 2 samples? Explain your answers.

Constituents in exhaled air

Compared to % in inhaled air

Explaination

a. Air is inhaled into the ______________________.

b. ____________________ passes through the

alveolus wall into the blood capillaries by

___________________.

c. _________________ in the red blood cells

combines with oxygen to form

__________________________.

d. In tissues of low oxygen concentration, oxy-

hemoglobin will break down into

_____________________ and

_______________________.

e. The oxygen then diffuses through the walls

of the capillaries into the _________________. At

the same time, __________________ diffuses out

of the cells into the blood.

f. The deoxygenated red blood cells

will be carried back to the

______________ to combine with

oxygen once again and at the same

time release ___________________ for

exhaling.

Name: Date:Form

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Water vapour

3 A model of the human respiratory system is prepared as shown in the figure on the left.

a. Record what happens when

b. Which part of the respiratory system does the parts on the model above represent?

c.D r a w l i n e s t o m a t c h t h e p a r t s m e n t i o n e d i n ‘ b ’ f r o m t h e m o d e l t o t h e h u m a n

respiratory system in the figure shown above.

4. Fill in the blanks with the words provided.

Action Observation Phase of breathing represented & why?

The rubber sheet is pulled downwardsThe rubber sheet is pushed upwards

Y-shaped glass tube

Bell jar

Balloon

Rubber sheet

Model Human respiratory system

blood breathe cilia diffuses dust hairs large lungs mucus

oxygen thin

Name: Date:Form

The air that you ______________ in passes through your nose where ___________ traps __________

particles. ________________ in the trachea also traps dirt and tiny hairs called ______________ moved the

mucus and dirt upwards. When the air reaches the alveoli, _________________ diffuses into the

________________ in the capillaries. Carbon dioxide ___________ out of the blood and into the air in the

alveoli. The _____________ are adapted to their function by having ______________ walls (only one cell thick)

and a very ___________ surface area.

Name: Date:Form

ACTIVITY 1.2 (EFFECTS OF SMOKING)

AIM :

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

APPARATUS :

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………

& MATERIALS

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

PROCEDURE :

______________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________

_____________

Diagram

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OBSERVATIONS(table):

DISCUSSION:1. What does the cotton wool in the U-tube represents?

2. What is the function of the universal indicator?

3. What are the substances in cigarette smoke that causes the following parts in the

apparatus to change colour

i. cotton wool?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

ii. universal indicator?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

CONCLUSION:

GO GET THAT INFO

A. There is a large number of chemical substances in tobacco smoke. These can also be obtained from all sorts of cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco, or even from chewing tobacco, or taking snuff. By referring to text book (pg 9) and a dictionary, answer the questions below.

1. What does the term "addictive" mean? Which of the chemical substance found in

cigarette smoke does it apply to?

Name: Date:Form

Meaning:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

Subtance:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

2. What does the term "carcinogen" mean? Which of the chemical substance found

in cigarette smoke does it apply to?

Meaning:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

Subtance:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

3. What does the term "irritant" mean? Which of the chemical substance found in

cigarette smoke does it apply to?

Meaning:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

Subtance:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………mage

4. What does the term "beneficial" mean? Which of the chemical substance found

in cigarette smoke does it apply to?

Meaning:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

Subtance:

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………

5. i. What does it mean by ‘secondhand smoke’?

Name: Date:Form

ii. How can you protect yourself and your family from secondhand smoke?

6 i. Name 2 diseases that affect the respiratory system.

ii. To hava a healthy respiratory system, the air we breathe must be unpolluted. How do we improve the quality of air to ensure a healthy respiratory system?