Highlights of Respiratory Physiology

Respiratory Physiology: Fast and FuriousBasic Mechanics, Drive to Breath and PressureSpirometryGas TransportO2/CO2 ExchangeArterial Blood Gasses!Questions

The Pump Handle, The Bucket Handle and the diaphragm:Inspiration: ACTIVE movementAntero-posterior dimension increases (Pump handle)Transverse dimension increases (Bucket handle)Vertical dimension increases (Diaphragm)Muscles of inspirationgo!Ext. Intercostals, Diaphragm + Accessory MusclesMuscles of expirationgo! (expiration can be passive)Int. intercostals, Innermost Intercostals + abdominals

Note: Quiet breathing only requires diaphragm (75%) and external intercostals (25%) for inspiration. Diaphragm only for expiration-Internal Intercostalspull ribcage down (expiration)-External Intercostalspull ribcage up (inspiration)3Diagrammatically

What are some other muscles that can be brought into play with different postures4Drive to Breath

***no DIRECT detection of paCO2 but CO2 gives rise to most of the H+ ionsDoes anyone know why Oyster Divers (for example) would hyperventilate before taking a big dive?Hyperventilating blows off CO2, therefore it takes longer to hit the PaCO2 threshold that would make their drive to breath unbearable

Oxygen Acts at peripheral Chemoreceptors in Carotid and Aortic Bodies (pO280% why? FVC drops more than FEV1Fibrosis, severe scoliosis/kyphosisObstructive (chronic)Lung Volumes increasedForced Reserve Capacity increasedResidual Volume IncreasedFEV1/FVC ratio